Unit 1 Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步课件（外研版2019）

02 Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 1 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.In __________ （conclude）, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise. conclusion 解析 句意为：总之，散步是一种廉价、安全、愉快的锻炼方式，而且随时随地都可以进行。in conclusion是固定短语，意为“总之；最后”。故填conclusion。 2.Beethoven is one of the most outstanding __________ （compose） in the world. composers 解析 句意为：贝多芬是世界上最杰出的作曲家之一。空前是“one of+the+形容词最高级”结构，故填名词复数。 刷单句填空 2 3.I’m not saying you should accept _______ （cruel） and injustice, but learn to love things when they are less than perfect. cruelty 解析 句意为：我并不是说你应该接受残酷和不公正，而是要学会在事物不那么完美的时候去爱它们。设空处与injustice共同作accept的宾语，应用名词。cruelty在此处意为“残酷；不公”，表抽象意义，用作不可数名词，故填cruelty。 4.They brought the injured woman out and put her on a stretcher_______ （gentle）. gently 解析 句意为：他们把那位受伤的女士抬了出来，然后轻轻地放在了担架上。 设空处修饰动词put，应该用副词。 刷单句填空 3 5.Playing games and singing songs provide an opportunity for classroom _______________ （interact）. interaction 解析 句意为：玩游戏和唱歌提供了课堂互动的机会。设空处之前是名词classroom，此处为名词修饰名词，作介词for的宾语，意为“交流；沟通”，故填interaction。 6.We felt at home with her and were impressed ________ the depth of her knowledge. with/by 解析 句意为：我们和她在一起感觉很自在，她渊博的知识给我们留下了深刻的印象。be impressed with/by... 是固定搭配，意为“对……印象深刻”。故填with/by。 7.“I never thought I’d see this place,” he said at last, ___ a whisper. in 解析 句意为：“我从没想过我能见到这样的地方。”他最后低声说道。in a whisper为固定短语，意为“低声说；耳语”。 刷单句填空 4 8.In short, so impressive is their work that they all deserve ________ （praise） and learning from. praising 解析 句意为：总之，他们的工作成果令人印象十分深刻，所以他们都值得表扬和学习。设空处与learning并列作deserve的宾语，应用动名词形式；deserve doing sth意为“某事值得被做”，用主动形式表示被动意义。 刷单句填空 【知识拓展】deserve/need/require的用法 deserve作“应受；应得”讲，need和require作“需要”讲时，其后常接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式，表示被动含义。如:The dishes need washing/to be washed.这些餐具需要清洗。 刷单句填空 6 9.__________________ （test） several times, the new product will be put into the market. Having been tested 解析 句意为：经过几次试验之后，这一新产品将上市。句中已经有谓语will be put，设空处与其之间没有连词连接，故用非谓语形式。test与句子主语the new product之间是逻辑上的被动关系，并且先于be put into the market这一动作发生，故填现在分词完成式的被动式。 10.Thanks to your generous help, without _______ I wouldn’t have made such great progress. which 解析 句意为：感谢你的慷慨帮助，否则我不会有这么大的进步。此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是your generous help，指物，关系代词替代先行词，作介词without的宾语，应填关系代词which。 刷单句填空 7 根据提示补全句子。 1.孩子们太吵了，我把他们训斥了一顿。（tell） I _____ ____ ________ ____ for making so much noise. 2.他以一首欧文的诗结束了他的写作。（conclude） He __________ ____ _______ _____ a poem by Owen. 3.你提供的信息可能有助于查明这些植物的死因。（light） Your information may help ______ _____ ____ the cause of these plants’ death. 4.我们应该把所学到的东西应用到实践中去，这至关重要。（essential） ___ ___ _________ _____ we should put what we have learnt into practice. told the children off concluded his writing with throw light on It is essential that 刷单句表达 8 5.他让我有点难堪，因为他当着他母亲的面邀请我，而我又不太想去。（spot） He____ ____ ____ ____ _____ a bit because he invited me right in front of his mum and I didn’t particularly want to go. put me on the spot 6.汤姆很有可能乘错公共汽车了，否则他应该到了。（likely） ____ ______ _____ Tom has taken the wrong bus, or he would be here by now. It’s likely that 刷单句表达 9 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1.She created a charity in memory of her grandmother, _____ passed away from Alzheimer’s disease. who 解析 句意为：她创建了一个慈善机构来纪念因阿尔茨海默病去世的祖母。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为her grandmother，指人，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who引导该从句。 2.Later on, that week, the school announced that Sept.19 would be a bank holiday, _______ meant that we would have an extended break during that weekend.[辽宁六校协作体2023高二期中联考] which 解析 非限制性定语从句缺主语，引导词用which,指代前面整个主句。 3.____ is reported, the city’s air quality has improved greatly in the past few months. As 解析 句意为：据报道，在过去的几个月里，这个城市的空气质量有了很大的改善。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，关系词指代整个主句的内容，表示“正如”，因此，应用As引导该从句。 刷单元语法 10 4.Many young people, most of _______ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. whom 解析 “most of+关系词”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为young people，指人，关系词作介词of 的宾语，故用whom。 5.They set out to explore the jungle, _______ they will recognise the worth of the mysterious natural world. where 解析 句意为：他们开始探索丛林，在那里他们将认识到神秘自然世界的价值。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the jungle，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 刷单元语法 11 6.Please come back at four o’clock, ______ your herbal medicine will be ready. when 解析 设空处在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，应用引导词when。 7.The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through _______ he could look out. which 解析 关系词在定语从句中作介词through的宾语，指代a hole，应用which。 8.Kate, _______ sister I shared a room with when we were at college， has gone to work in Australia. whose 解析 引导词whose在从句中作定语，修饰sister。 9.My grandfather, ___ is often the case with old people, is fond of talking about good old days. as 解析 句意为：我的祖父像许多老年人一样，喜欢谈论过去的美好时光。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句，意为“正如”，故用as引导该从句。 10.The river, the banks of _______ are covered with trees, is very long. which 解析 引导词which 指代river，作介词of 的宾语。 刷单元语法 12 [广东深圳实验学校2024高二月考] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Look on the bright side” is one of those 1. . （suggest） that people always consider 2. . （inspire） but less helpful. However, new research shows that finding something of interest in a terrible situation makes people quickly stop complaining. Besides, looking at a challenge with humour is a good method, 3. . may even be helpful in preventing depressed people from feeling sad. In a study 4. . （publish） earlier this year, researchers gave the participants some photos that show negative situations. Then they would describe these photos according to 5. . request of researchers. Those using 6. . （humour） words to describe the photos 7. . （find） to have fewer negative emotions and more possibilities to go through a hard time in their life than those who described the photos 8. .（direct）. suggestions inspiring which published the humorous were found directly 刷语法填空 13 So there appear to be no disadvantages to looking at difficult things in your life with humour and lightness. The conclusion from the study is that for those at higher risk of depression, humour can develop an ability 9. . （control） negative emotions. What’s more, humour has an extra benefit of making others around you smile. Therefore, when you feel stressed and can’t concentrate 10. . what you are doing, find something that can make you laugh first. to control on 刷语法填空 14 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。用幽默的态度看待挑战是一个很好的方法，这甚至可能有助于防止抑郁的人感到悲伤，也有利于培养控制负面情绪的能力。 1.___________ suggestions 解析 句意为：“看到光明的一面”是人们总是认为鼓舞人心但不那么有用的建议之一。设空处作is的表语，其前有one of those，应用名词复数形式。故填suggestions。 2._________ inspiring 解析 句意见上一题解析。but连接两个形容词，根据句意，设空处表示“鼓舞人心的”。故填inspiring。 3._______ which 解析 句意为：此外，幽默地看待挑战是一个很好的方法，这甚至可能有助于防止抑郁的人感到悲伤。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代主句的looking at a challenge with humour，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。故填which。 刷语法填空 15 4._________ published 解析 句意为：在今年早些时候发表的一项研究中，研究人员给了参与者一些表现消极情况的照片。设空处作后置定语，应用非谓语形式，publish和study之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填published。 5.____ the 解析 句意为：然后他们根据研究者的要求对这些照片进行描述。request后有of researchers修饰，此处特指“研究者的要求”，设空处应用定冠词。故填the。 6.__________ humorous 解析 句意为：研究发现，与那些直接描述照片的人相比，那些用幽默的词语来描述这些照片的人负面情绪更少，熬过人生艰难时期的可能性更大。设空处修饰名词words，表示“幽默的”，要用形容词作定语。故填humorous。 刷语法填空 16 7.___________ were found 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处作谓语，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。动词find意为“发现”，和主语Those构成被动关系，应用被动语态，Those为复数形式。故填were found。 8.________ directly 解析 设空处修饰动词described，应用副词，作状语。故填directly。 9.__________ to control 解析 句意为：这项研究的结论是，对于那些患抑郁症风险较高的人来说，幽默可以培养一种控制负面情绪的能力。此处修饰抽象名词ability，应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to control。 10.____ on 解析 句意为：因此，当你感到焦虑，无法集中精力做你正在做的事情时，先找出能让你笑的东西。concentrate on为固定搭配，意为“集中精力于……”。故填on。 刷语法填空 17 02 Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 18 A [河南洛阳2024高二期中] Everybody likes to laugh sometimes, whether at a funny joke, an amusing incident or a comical photograph or sound. The great thing is that once we’ve had a good laugh, we feel happier. It would seem, therefore, that bringing a bit of humor into more serious situations might be good for us. Places like a humorless office or a tense classroom could sometimes do with a good dose of laughter. Seeing the funny side of things can certainly lift our spirits and that in turn can make us feel better about what we’re doing. Maybe we should get inspiration from Steve Carlisle, president of General Motors of Canada. He says “Humor can help people feel more relaxed, more comfortable and thus be more effective at what they do.” Humor can be used by teachers in the classroom too. It’s a good way to break the ice with students and create a more relaxed atmosphere which is good for learning. 刷阅读理解 19 But we have to be careful: Not everyone laughs at the same things. While some of us may admire a work colleague or fellow student for their well-told joke, others may consider them offensive! According to Professor Schweitzer, from the University of Philadelphia’s Wharton School, a worker or boss who successfully uses humor is seen as both confident and competent, which in turn increases his or her status. His study Risky Business: When Humor Increases and Decreases Status also found that someone who tells inappropriate jokes is also seen as confident but they’re also regarded as incompetent. So telling the right jokes in the office or classroom can spread some happiness. A study published in the Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management in 2006, which found for healthcare workers, emotional exhaustion was significantly lower among those who experienced greater levels of fun at work. And other research has discovered that teams who share more jokes gave more supportive and constructive statements to each other and that’s no joke! 刷阅读理解 20 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。幽默在生活中的作用非常大，甚至会影响一个人人生的转变。文章主要介绍了幽默在生活和工作中的重要作用。 1.In what way does Steve Carlisle try to get along with his employees?( ) D A.Helpful ways. B.Inspiring ways. C.Confident ways. D.Humorous ways. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的Maybe we should get inspiration from Steve Carlisle, president of General Motors of Canada.He says “Humor can help people feel more relaxed, more comfortable and thus be more effective at what they do.”可知，史蒂夫·卡莱尔认为幽默有助于人们放松，感到舒适，工作更有效，因此推断他与员工的相处方式是幽默的。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 21 2.What should a new manager do if he or she is to appear confident and competent?( ) C A.Try to be relaxed. B.Try to be careful. C.Tell appropriate jokes. D.Keep calm. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的a worker or boss who successfully uses humor is seen as both confident and competent, which in turn increases his or her status可知，如果一个新经理想要看起来自信和有能力可以讲恰当的笑话，表现出幽默。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 22 3.What is someone seen as when they tell unsuitable jokes?( ) B A.Easy-going. B.Incapable. C.Stupid. D.Enjoyable. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的His study Risky Business: When Humor Increases and Decreases Status also found that someone who tells inappropriate jokes is also seen as confident but they’re also regarded as incompetent.可知，讲不恰当笑话的人被认为是无能的。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 23 4.In which column will you probably find the text in a magazine?( ) B A.History. B.Lifestyle. C.Travel. D.Sport. 解析 推理判断题。第一段引出幽默似乎会带来好处的话题，下文展开介绍幽默对我们的生活和工作的重要作用。由此可猜测，本文可能选自杂志中的生活方式版块。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 24 核心词汇 1.competent adj.有能力的；合格的 2.constructive adj.建设性的；有助益的 刷阅读理解 25 B [浙江杭州地区重点中学2023高二期中联考] It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What’s so funny?” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to do by designing an AI robot that takes its cues through a shared-laughter system. The scientists describe their innovative approach to building a funny bone for the Japanese android “Erica” in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI. “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy （同感），” explained lead author Dr Koji Inoue, an assistant professor at Kyoto University in the Department of Intelligence Science and Technology within the Graduate School of Informatics.“One way a robot can empathise with users is to share their laughter.” 刷阅读理解 26 In the shared-laughter model, a human initially laughs and the AI system responds with laughter as an empathetic response. This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter. The type of laughter is important, because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter. The team tested Erica’s new sense of humour by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system. Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions—a shared-laughter system, no laughter, all laughter—and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding. The shared-laughter system performed better than either baseline. 刷阅读理解 27 “Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviours, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style,” Inoue added.“We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.” 刷阅读理解 28 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本京都大学的研究人员设计出了拥有共享笑声系统的人工智能机器人，可以对人类的笑声作出相应的回应，与人类在对话中建立同理心。 1.What’s the purpose of raising the question “What’s so funny?” at the beginning?( ) C A.To show opinions on funny things. B.To encourage readers to share their ideas. C.To stress the difficulty of teaching a robot to laugh. D.To emphasise the importance of being funny. 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What’s so funny?” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh.But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to do by designing an AI robot that takes its cues through a shared-laughter system.可推断，在一开始提出“什么事这么好笑？”这个问题的目的是强调教机器人笑的困难。 刷阅读理解 29 2.Which of the following explains the underlined phrase “a funny bone” in Paragraph 1?( ) A A.A sense of humour. B.A shared-laughter system. C.A speaking style. D.A distinct character. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前句So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh.But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to do by designing an AI robot that takes its cues through a shared-laughter system.可知，日本一组研究人员正在教机器人笑，即为机器人“埃丽卡”制造幽默感。所以a funny bone意为“幽默感”。 刷阅读理解 30 3.What is NOT needed in the research of the shared-laughter system?( ) B A.Designing the subsystem to decide whether to laugh. B.Assessing the interactions based on emotions. C.Creating brief conversations between a human and Erica. D.Asking people to listen to the previously created dialogues. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter.和第四段中的The team tested Erica’s new sense of humour by creating… listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions可知，B项内容未提到，所以共享笑声系统的研究不需要基于情绪评估互动。 刷阅读理解 31 4.What is Inoue’s attitude towards conversational AI?( ) D A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful. C.Optimistic. D.Objective. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can…,” Inoue added.以及We do not think this is an easy problem at all可知，井上对交互式人工智能的态度是客观的。 刷阅读理解 32 【知识拓展】常见的表达观点态度的形容词 objective（客观的）、favourable（肯定的）、supportive（支持的）、cautious（谨慎的）、positive（积极乐观的）、negative（消极的）、doubtful/sceptical（怀疑的）、conservative（保守的）、ambiguous（模棱两可的）、neutral（中立的）、indifferent（不关心的）。 刷阅读理解 核心词汇 1.issue n.一期；问题；发行 v.公布；发表 2.evaluate vt.评估，评价 进阶词汇 1.empathise vi.有同感；同情 2.distinct adj.清楚的;明显的；截然不同的 刷阅读理解 34 [河北秦皇岛一中2023高二月考] My parents, siblings and I took our first camping trip to the Lake Houston Wilderness Park recently. We had finished putting up the . .1. . when it suddenly started to rain. Luckily, we had . .2. . our tent on a high flat surface where water could not pour in. Mum prepared some snacks and drinks for us while we played games and . .3. . about our daily life, which made wet-weather camping fun. How . .4. . it was camping under the sound of the rain! We were gathered around in the middle of . .5. . and it was a nice feeling. Even with the rain, I had never been so . .6. .. 刷完形填空 35 The rain stopped before dark and the sky turned clear. Soon, Mum . .7. . a big meal over the fire for the family. I sensed that a hot meal and good . .8. . would warm us right up. While we ate together, Dad . .9. . at the stars and told us stories about his childhood. As we laughed and . .10. . our good old days, the stars shone like diamonds at night. The following day, we had a good time . .11. . the rocky trails around our campsite.. .12. . hiking in the forest, we had lovely late-afternoon boating. It was amazing to see the . .13. . changing rays of the sunset behind the pine trees. That evening we packed up our . .14. . and headed home. I am very grateful for this camping trip, which has left us unforgettable . .15. .. 刷完形填空 36 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家人的一次雨中露营经历，这次露营给作者留下了深刻的回忆。 1.( ) A.roof B.shelf C.fence D.tent D 解析 根据下文we had our tent on a high flat surface可知，作者他们把帐篷搭在一处很高的平地上，由此可知，此处指他们搭好了帐篷。 2.( ) A.positioned B.attached C.approached D.checked A 解析 根据句中on a high flat surface可知，一处很高的平地应该是作者他们安置帐篷的地点，那里水无法漫进来。position意为“安置”；attach意为“贴”；approach意为“靠近”。 刷完形填空 37 【知识拓展】position一词多义 （1）n.位置；地方；姿态；姿势；处境；地位；职位。如：This put him and his colleagues in a difficult position.这使他和他的同事陷于困境。（2）v.安置；安装；使处于。如：The company is now well positioned to compete in foreign markets.现在这家公司已准备好在国外市场竞争。 刷完形填空 3.( ) A.felt B.chatted C.argued D.complained B 解析 根据句中our daily life可知，作者一家是在聊他们的日常生活，这让雨天露营变得有趣。chat意为“闲聊”。 4.( ) A.strange B.powerful C.unique D.beneficial C 解析 根据常识可知，一般人们会在天气好的时候露营，很少在雨中露营，由句中camping under the sound of the rain可知，在雨声中露营是独特的。 5.( ) A.culture B.society C.nature D.space C 解析 根据上文How it was camping under the sound of the rain!可知，作者一家在雨中露营，由此可知，露营时他们聚集在大自然中。 6.( ) A.happy B.lucky C.curious D.confident A 解析 根据上文which made wet-weather camping fun可知，雨天露营的独特经历给作者带来了快乐，由此可知，即使下雨了，作者却从未如此快乐过。 刷完形填空 39 7.( ) A.desired B.cooked C.ordered D.delivered B 解析 根据下文over the fire可知，妈妈为一家人做了一顿大餐。cook a meal为固定搭配，意为“做饭”。 8.( ) A.impression B.adventure C.performance D.conversation D 解析 根据下文While we ate together, Dad at the stars and told us stories about his childhood.可知，当作者一家一起吃饭时，爸爸给他们讲他童年的故事，由此可知，作者一家人吃着热腾腾的饭菜，进行愉快的谈话。impression意为“印象”；adventure意为“冒险”；conversation意为“谈话”。 9.( ) A.yelled B.pointed C.laughed D.wondered B 解析 根据空后的the stars可知，爸爸应该是指着星星。point at意为“指向”。 刷完形填空 40 10.( ) A.set up B.went over C.talked about D.looked for C 解析 根据上文told us stories about his childhood可知，爸爸在给作者他们讲他童年的故事，由此可知，作者一家在谈论过去美好的日子。set up意为“建立”；go over意为“仔细检查”；talk about意为“谈论”；look for意为“寻找”。 11.( ) A.paving B.cleaning C.exploring D.searching C 解析 根据空后的the rocky trails around our campsite可知，他们是来野外露营的，所以他们探索了营地周围满是岩石的小径。 12.( ) A.Due to B.Apart from C.Instead of D.As for B 解析 句中we had lovely late-afternoon boating介绍了他们露营时的活动，由此可知，除了在森林里徒步旅行，他们还划船了。due to意为“由于”；apart from意为“除了”；instead of意为“而不是；代替”；as for意为“至于”。 刷完形填空 41 13.( ) A.dramatically B.casually C.regularly D.completely A 解析 根据句中changing rays of the sunset和生活常识可知，日落时，光线会发生显著变化。 dramatically意为“显著地；给人印象深刻地”；casually意为“偶然地”；regularly意为“有规律地”。 14.( ) A.properties B.tools C.harvests D.belongings D 解析 根据句中headed home可知，回家前，作者一家应该收拾好他们的随身物品。 15.( ) A.encounters B.coincidences C.discoveries D.memories D 解析 根据句中I am very grateful for this camping trip可知，作者非常感谢这次露营旅行，由此可知，露营旅行给他们留下了深刻的回忆。encounter意为“遭遇”；coincidence意为“巧合”。 刷完形填空 42 $$