Unit 3 Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步课件（译林版2020）

02 Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 1 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.In many ways my _________ （disable） has helped me grow stronger psychologically. disability 解析 句意为：在很多方面，我的缺陷帮助我在心理上变得更强大。此处在句中作主语，且前有形容词性物主代词my修饰，应用名词；由助动词has可知，应用名词单数形式。故填disability。 2.The system works so well that no ____________ （convention） fuel is needed to make the six buildings on campus comfortable. conventional 解析 句意为：该系统运作良好，不需要使用传统燃料就能让校园里的六栋建筑变得舒适。作定语修饰名词fuel应用形容词。故填conventional。 3.As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, the more _________ （equip） for life you are. equipped 解析 句意为：在我看来，教育是关于学习的，你学得越多，就为你的生活准备得越多。be equipped for... 意为“为……准备好，对……有准备”。故填equipped。 刷单句填空 2 4.Judging from the _________ （disturb） looks of all the listeners, I knew the speech on urban pollution was rather a __________ （disturb） speech. disturbed disturbing 解析 句意为：从所有听众不安的表情判断，我知道这个关于城市污染的演讲是相当令人不安的。形容词disturbed意为“不安的，心烦的”，后接与人有关的名词。look在此处意为“表情”。形容词disturbing意为“令人不安的”，后接事物类名词。 【知识拓展】-ing结尾及-ed结尾的形容词 -ing结尾的形容词一般修饰事物类名词，表示事物的特征或特质，翻译为“令人……的”；而-ed结尾的形容词一般用来修饰人或与人相关的名词，翻译为“（感到）……的”。如：It was the most frightening experience of my life.这是我一生中最可怕的经历。 He is frightened.他感到害怕。 刷单句填空 3 5.Despite these challenges, he and his team devoted all their life to ___________ （develop） one of the most advanced high-speed rail systems globally. developing 解析 句意为：尽管面临这些挑战，他和他的团队还是倾尽毕生开发全球最先进的高铁系统之一。devote… to doing sth为固定搭配，意为“把……奉献给做某事”，其中to为介词。故填developing。 6.We would be grateful ____ your cooperation in clearing the hall as quickly as possible. for 解析 句意为：你（们）若能协助我们尽快把大厅腾空，我们将不胜感激。be grateful for… 为固定表达，意为“因……而感激”。 7.Henry David Thoreau was happy to withdraw ______ social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. from 解析 句意为：亨利·戴维·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。withdraw from… 为固定搭配，意为“从……中退出”。故填from。 刷单句填空 4 8.Adjusting ___ the hot weather here was more difficult than I had expected. to 解析 句意为：适应这里炎热的天气比我想象的要困难得多。adjust to 意为“适应”。故填to。 9.The mother went to great lengths __________ （provide） her children with good education, to enable them to stand out from the crowd. to provide 解析 句意为：那位母亲不惜一切使她的孩子接受良好的教育，以便使他们能出人头地。go to great lengths to do sth意为“不惜一切去做某事”。故填to provide。 10.The dog ________________ （bark） for a long time, so I want to follow the sound to find it. has been barking 解析 句意为：这只狗已经叫了很长时间了，我想顺着声音去找它。设空处是谓语，强调从过去开始一直不间断地持续到现在的动作，所以应用现在完成进行时。故填has been barking。 刷单句填空 5 根据提示补全句子。 1.为了解决能源问题，来自不同国家的100多位专家聚在一起，进行了激烈的讨论。（tackle） ___ ______ ___ ______ the energy problem, more than 100 experts from different countries got together and _____ ___ ____________ __________. In order to tackle had a heated/fierce discussion 2.这台计算机不仅能记住输入的数据，而且还能分析这些数据。（not only置于句首的倒装） _____ _____ ____ ____ _________ __________the data fed into it, but it can also analyze them. Not only can the computer memorize 3.据估计，有超过三分之一的人无法享受公共医疗保健服务。（estimate） ___ ___ _________ _____ over a third of the population have no access to the health service. It is estimated that 4.我坚信所有这些措施都会使他们的生活得到很大的改善。 （belief） __ _____ ____ _____ ______ _____ all these measures will lead to great improvement in their life. I hold the firm belief that 5.如果你听从我的建议，情况很容易改变。（situation） _____ _________ ___ _____ ___ _______ if you follow my advice. The situation is easy to change 刷单句表达 6 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.He _________________ （scan） through these books all the morning. No wonder he looks tired. has been scanning 解析 句意为：他整个上午都在浏览这些书。难怪他看起来很累。此处表示scan的动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能刚结束，也可能仍然要继续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。故填has been scanning。 2.Car prices ___________________ （decline） for six months because these prices are negotiable. have been declining 解析 句意为：汽车价格连续六个月下降，因为这些价格是可以协商的。结合句意可知，此处表示价格一直在下降，可能仍然会继续下降，所以用现在完成进行时；主句主语prices为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填have been declining。 3.I _________________ （wait） for him for a long time, but he hasn’t turned up yet. have been waiting 解析 句意为：我等了他很长时间，但他还没有出现。根据语境可知，“等”这一动作从过去一直持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，第一个并列分句的主语是I，故填have been waiting。 刷单元语法 7 4.Mr Smith, along with his students, _________________ （work） on the project day and night for the last two weeks to finish the task ahead of time. has been working 解析 句意为：史密斯先生和他的学生们为提前完成任务，这两个星期以来日日夜夜都在做这个项目。表示动作从过去某时开始，一直持续到现在，有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，Mr Smith后有along with连接的名词，谓语动词的数应与Mr Smith一致，应用单数形式。故填has been working。 【易错警示】本题学生易误填have been working，误认为主语中有名词复数students，谓语动词应用复数形式，但谓语动词的数应与Mr Smith一致。 刷单元语法 8 【知识拓展】主谓一致 as well as、no less than、with、along with、together with、rather than、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前一名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。如：The famous musician, as well as his students, was invited to perform at the opening ceremony.那个著名的音乐家和他的学生应邀在开幕式上表演。 刷单元语法 5.The club which he started in Chicago ________________ （help） young people since 1996. has been helping 解析 句意为：那个由他在芝加哥创办的俱乐部，自1996年一直在帮助年轻人。根据时间状语since 1996可知此处表示动作从过去开始一直在进行，并可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时。故填has been helping。 6.Since humankind started gardening, we ________________ （try） to make our environment more beautiful. have been trying 解析 句意为：自从人类开始从事园艺活动，我们就一直努力让环境更美。根据时间状语Since humankind started gardening可知，“我们努力让环境更美”这一行为从过去一直持续到现在，并会延续到将来，所以用现在完成进行时。故填have been trying。 刷单元语法 10 7.They ____________________ （discuss）the problem since this morning, but haven’t reached an agreement. have been discussing 解析 句意为：他们从今天上午开始一直在讨论这个问题，但还没有达成一致意见。根据since this morning以及but haven’t reached an agreement可知，此处表示从过去开始一直持续到现在，并会持续下去的动作，应用现在完成进行时。故填have been discussing。 8.Ever since he moved there, he ________________ （bury） himself in his research work which has not come to a result yet. has been burying 解析 句意为：自从搬到那里，他就一直埋头于他的研究工作，该研究目前尚未得出结论。表示“埋头做某事”用bury oneself in sth，设空处在主句中作谓语，表示这一动作从过去持续到现在，并且会持续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。故填has been burying。 刷单元语法 11 9.I _________________ （write） a report about the environment here over the last few days, which I have to hand in next week. have been writing 解析 句意为：过去几天，我一直在写一份关于这里的环境的报告，这份报告我必须在下周提交。根据语境及时间状语over the last few days可知，此处表示write的动作从过去一直持续到现在，且还要继续下去，应用现在完成进行时。故填have been writing。 10.Over the past decades, sea ice _______________________________ （decrease） in the Arctic as a result of global warming. has decreased/has been decreasing 解析 句意为：在过去的几十年里，由于全球变暖，北极的海冰（一直）在减少。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语；结合时间状语Over the past decades可知应用完成时态，此处可表示动作发生在过去，持续到现在，并且可能继续进行，应使用现在完成进行时；此处也可表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果，可用现在完成时。句中主语sea ice为不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has decreased/has been decreasing。 刷单元语法 12 [江苏盐城五校2024高二联考] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） originated in ancient China. It 1. .（include） various treatments such as acupuncture （针灸）, Chinese herbal medicine, tai chi, qigong, tuina, guasha, cupping and so on. Acupuncture was one of the first TCM 2. .（method） that were accepted by the healthcare system in the USA.It was first introduced to the USA in 1971 by a New York Times reporter, James Reston, in an article 3. . （title） “Now, about my operation in Peking”. In 1997, acupuncture was 4. .（official） accepted by the National Institutes of Health of the US, and in a statement in 2002, the World Health Organization recognized acupuncture as an 5. .（effect） treatment for 43 common ailments （小病）.TCM focuses 6. . not only the disease treatment, but also the disease prevention and 7. . （improve） of overall health. includes methods titled officially effective on/upon improvement 刷语法填空 13 Today, TCM is primarily used as an alternative for people 8. . （maintain） a healthy state in the US.It is widely practised in more than 180 countries and regions around the globe; among them, 103 countries have approved 9. . use of acupuncture, 29 have established some forms of laws and regulations for TCM, 18 have included acupuncture into their national health insurance systems, 10. . more than 30 have colleges and universities that teach students about TCM. to maintain the and 刷语法填空 14 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中医的起源、发展和现状：中医起源于中国古代，它包括针灸、中药、太极拳等治疗方法。针灸是最早被美国医疗保健系统接受的中医疗法之一。如今，中医在美国主要被用作人们保持健康状态的另一种选择。 1.________ includes 解析 句意为：中医包括针灸、中药、太极拳、气功、推拿、刮痧、拔罐等多种治疗方法。设空处在句中作谓语，介绍客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语为It，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填includes。 2.________ methods 解析 句意为：针灸是最早被美国医疗保健系统接受的中医疗法之一。method意为“方法”，为可数名词，根据空前的one of可知，此处应用复数形式。故填methods。 刷语法填空 15 3.______ titled 解析 句意为：1971年，《纽约时报》记者詹姆斯·赖斯顿在一篇名为《现在让我告诉你我在北京的阑尾炎手术》的文章中首次让美国人了解针灸。句中已有谓语，故设空处应用非谓语形式作后置定语，修饰article，article和动词title之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填titled。 4._________ officially 解析 句意为：1997年，针灸被美国国立卫生研究院正式接受；2002年，世界卫生组织在一份声明中承认针灸是治疗43种常见疾病的有效方法。此处修饰动词accepted，应用副词，作状语。故填officially。 5._________ effective 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处修饰名词treatment，表示“有效的”，应用形容词作定语。故填effective。 刷语法填空 16 6.________ on/upon 解析 句意为：中医不仅注重疾病的治疗，而且注重疾病的预防和整体健康状况的改善。此处为动词短语focus on/upon，意为“专注于”。故填on/upon。 7.____________ improvement 解析 句意见上一题解析。此处与名词短语the disease prevention并列，故此处应用名词形式，作宾语，此处特指整体健康状况的改善。improvement在此意为“改善，改进”，为不可数名词，故填improvement。 8.___________ to maintain 解析 句意为：今天，在美国，中医主要被用作人们保持健康状态的另一种选择。由空前的alternative可知，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，an alternative to do sth意为“做某事的另一种选择”。故填to maintain。 刷语法填空 17 9.____ the 解析 句意为：针灸在全球180多个国家和地区广泛应用；其中，103个国家批准使用针灸，29个国家制定了某些形式的中医药法律法规，18个国家将针灸纳入国家医疗保险体系，还有30多个国家设有中医药院校。空后有of短语限定，故此处表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 10._____ and 解析 句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，此处前后是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 刷语法填空 18 02 Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 19 [安徽合肥六校2024高二期中联考] Going from being called a “stupid molecule （分子）” to “the secret of life”, our discovery and understanding of DNA has come a long way. This year marks the 71th anniversary of the discovery of the structure of DNA—the key year when the so-called “secret of life” was uncovered by two scientists: James Watson from the US and Francis Crick from the UK. Inherited characteristics like eye colour, nose shape and even intelligence—scientists found the structure of the chemical which transmits these from one generation to another.“Discovering how these ‘chemical’ cards are shuffled （洗牌） and paired will keep the scientists busy for the next 50 years,” journalist Ritchie Calder commented in 1953 on the discovery. And it certainly has. The study of DNA has led to world-changing advances in many fields. “DNA makes time fluid （流动的）,” said The Irish Times.It lets us redefine the future. For example, in medicine, DNA helps us identify “weak points” in the human genome （基因组） that might be prone to disease. Through a technique called gene therapy, a person’s genes 刷阅读理解 20 can be modified to treat or cure certain diseases. Another example is agriculture, where work on plant DNA has allowed us to change the way we breed crops, opening the door for genetically modified plants and advances in food security. DNA can also shed light on the past. In forensic science （法医科学）, DNA analysis has come to serve as a vital form of evidence in crime scenes, with “many millions having been proved guilty or innocent” through its usage, said the website AZoLifeSciences. And DNA in specimens （标本） like fossils and artefacts can give us vital information on humans and other species. But what’s the next for DNA research? Improvements in technology are allowing us to utilise DNA in new ways. As the cost of DNA technologies decreases and related machines become more efficient, it becomes more accessible, reported Wired magazine. In medicine, DNA plays a key role in furthering the development of “personalised medicine”—designing treatment plans based on the genomes and other specific factors of individual patients. As “natural supercomputers”, DNA can store large amounts of data. So scientists are busy learning from DNA to make our computers store more data and work even faster. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍DNA这一重大发现的重要性及其应用。 1.What does the author want to stress in Paragraph 2?( ) C A.The scientific understanding of DNA. B.The scientists’ attempts on the discovery. C.The discovery’s impact. D.The importance of DNA technology. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中引用的里奇·考尔德的评论和The study of DNA has led to world-changing advances in many fields.可知，作者是想强调DNA的发现带来的影响和重要性，故选C项。 刷阅读理解 22 2.What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about?( ) A A.The diverse applications of DNA. B.The mysterious aspects of DNA. C.Challenges of DNA research. D.Ways to expand DNA research. 解析 主旨大意题。第三段介绍了基因疗法以及基因在农作物培育方面的作用；第四段介绍了基因如何帮助法医完成犯罪鉴定以及化石和文物等标本中的DNA的重要作用。由此可知，这两段主要讨论了DNA在医学、农业和法医科学等领域的多种应用。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 23 3.What does the underlined word “utilise” in the last paragraph probably mean?( ) B A.Protect. B.Use. C.Correct. D.Prevent. 解析 词义猜测题。第三、四段介绍了DNA在多个领域中的应用，最后一段开始引出“DNA研究的下一步是什么”这一问题，结合画线词所在句及其下文可知，此处表示科技方面的进步能够让人们将DNA运用于新的领域，例如个性化医疗和计算机的改进。由此可推知，画线词utilise的意思是“运用；使用”。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 24 4.What could DNA research help with in the future according to the text?( ) D A.The replacement of medicines. B.The reduction in medical costs. C.The advancement of self-diagnosis. D.The improvement in computer performance. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的As “natural supercomputers”, DNA can store large amounts of data. So scientists are busy learning from DNA to make our computers store more data and work even faster.可知，科学家正致力于研究如何利用DNA来改良计算机，使其能够存储更多数据并提升其运行速度，因而DNA研究在未来或将有助于计算机的改进。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 25 核心词汇 uncover vt. 发现；揭露 进阶词汇 1.transmit vt. 遗传；传染；传播 vi. & vt. 传输；发送 2.prone adj. 易于发生某事；有……倾向的 刷阅读理解 26 [陕西汉中2024高二期中] When I was young, I struggled with body image and disordered eating. I used disordered eating to . .1. . my emotions and feel more in control of my life. Afterwards, I’d over-exercise to . .2. . my body for what I’d eaten, especially if I thought the . .3. . too much. But later I realized how unhealthy my . .4. . were. A happier life was possible, one in which I’d hang out with my friends and join in enjoyable exercise in my free time . .5. .. I wanted to have a wonderful life filled with amazing . .6. .. In response to it, I stopped punishing my body and began to . .7. . it right. My body and I had done nothing wrong in eating and enjoying food, but my life would be happier once I was . .8. .. 刷完形填空 27 Once I became healthier, I dove back into . .9. .. I attended Zumba classes with an old roommate. I . .10. . how cool it was and how privileged I was that my body could do so many fancy dance moves. I even became one of the . .11. . of the technique award. We live in a world where feeling okay about our eating and body image is close to . .12. . sometimes. But a healthy life is the one that everyone should . .13. . for. I’m so . .14. . that I’m able to exercise my body through dancing, and here I want to . .15. . other particular body’s abilities. 刷完形填空 28 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从前饮食失调，生活习惯十分不健康，后来作者改变了自己，健康的生活习惯给作者带来了好处——身体更加健康，生活得更加开心。 1.( ) A.deal with B.give up C.find out D.hand in A 解析 根据下文的feel more in control of my life可知，作者试图用不健康的饮食行为来应对情绪问题，期望能获得对生活的更多的掌控。deal with意为“处理；应对”；give up意为“放弃”；find out意为“弄清楚”；hand in意为“上交”。故选A项。 2.( ) A.examine B.cheat C.punish D.defeat C 解析 根据下文的I stopped punishing my body可知，作者会用过度锻炼来惩罚自己的身体。examine意为“检查”；cheat意为“欺骗”；punish意为“惩罚”；defeat意为“击败”。故选C项。 刷完形填空 29 3.( ) A.money B.amount C.debt D.expectation B 解析 根据上文的over-exercise和for what I’d eaten及下文的too much可知，当作者认为自己吃了太多食物时，就会过度锻炼。amount意为“数量”；debt意为“债务”；expectation意为“期望”。故选B项。 4.( ) A.contests B.associations C.stresses D.behaviours D 解析 根据上文的I used disordered eating及I’d over-exercise可知，饮食失调和过度锻炼是不健康的行为。contest意为“竞赛”；association意为“交往；联系”；stress意为“压力”；behaviour意为“表现方式；活动方式”。故选D项。 5.( ) A.easily B.actively C.unluckily D.sadly B 解析 根据上文的hang out with my friends and join in enjoyable exercise可知，作者认为和朋友一起出去玩并积极参加有益的锻炼是一种更幸福的生活。easily意为“容易地”；actively意为“积极地”；unluckily意为“不幸地”；sadly意为“悲伤地”。故选B项。 刷完形填空 30 6.( ) A.secrets B.trips C.prizes D.memories D 解析 根据上文的hang out with my friends and join in enjoyable exercise可知，作者认为幸福的生活是可以在空闲时和朋友一起玩并积极地参加锻炼等，这些是生活中的美好回忆。secret意为“秘密”；trip意为“旅行”；prize意为“奖品”；memory意为“回忆”。故选D项。 7.( ) A.keep B.play C.treat D.make C 解析 根据上文的I stopped punishing my body可知，作者不再惩罚自己的身体，开始善待身体。treat意为“对待”。故选C项。 8.( ) A.smarter B.quieter C.healthier D.thinner C 解析 根据上文的my life would be happier及下文的Once I became healthier可知，身体更健康了，生活会更开心。smart意为“聪明的”；quiet意为“安静的”；healthy意为“健康的”；thin意为“苗条的”。故选C项。 刷完形填空 31 9.( ) A.medicine B.dance C.painting D.writing B 解析 根据下文的my body could do so many fancy dance moves可知，作者重新开始跳舞。故选B项。 10.( ) A.realized B.responded C.doubted D.imagined A 解析 根据下文的how cool it was and how privileged I was that my body could do so many fancy dance moves可知，作者开始跳舞后，意识到自己可以跳得很棒。realize意为“意识到”；respond意为“回应”；doubt意为“怀疑”；imagine意为“想象”。故选A项。 11.( ) A.poets B.winners C.designers D.sellers B 解析 根据下文的the technique award可知，作者凭借舞蹈赢得了奖项。故选B项。 刷完形填空 32 12.( ) A.impossible B.unfortunate C.incorrect D.terrible A 解析 根据上文的We live in a world where feeling okay about our eating and body image及下文的But a healthy life is the one that everyone should ____ for.可知，在满足自己饮食欲望的同时又能保持良好的体形几乎是不可能的。impossible意为“不可能的”；unfortunate意为“不幸的；可惜的”；incorrect意为“不正确的”；terrible意为“糟糕的”。故选A项。 13.( ) A.wait B.search C.study D.fight D 解析 根据上文的But a healthy life可知，健康的生活是值得每个人为之奋斗的。故选D项。 14.( ) A.careful B.hopeless C.peaceful D.grateful D 解析 根据下文的I’m able to exercise my body through dancing可知，舞蹈给作者带来了身体的好处，对此作者心怀感激。careful意为“小心的”；hopeless意为“绝望的”；peaceful意为“和平的”；grateful意为“感激的”。故选D项。 刷完形填空 33 15.( ) A.celebrate B.invent C.discover D.hide C 解析 根据上文的I ____ how cool it was and how privileged I was that my body could do so many fancy dance moves.及后文other particular body’s abilities可知，作者发现了自己在舞蹈方面的能力，所以期待发现身体其他的独特能力。celebrate意为“庆祝”；invent意为“发明”；discover意为“发现”；hide意为“隐藏”。故选C项。 刷完形填空 34 $$