Unit 4 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步课件（北师大版2019）

04 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2 Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 1 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.She is one of the most __________ （influence） figures in local politics. influential 解析 句意为：她是本地政坛最有影响力的人物之一。设空处修饰名词figures，应用形容词，influential意为“有影响力的”。 2.Adult as she is, she keeps being __________ （depend） on her parents too much. dependent 解析 句意为：她虽然是个成年人，但一直过多地依赖父母。be dependent on为固定搭配，意为“依赖”。 3.The government has made every effort to have complete control _______ the whole situation. over/of 解析 句意为：政府已用尽浑身解数去完全把控整个局面。have control over/of sb/sth为固定搭配，意为“控制某人/某物”。 刷单句填空 2 4._______ （bath） in golden sunlight, the small valley looks inviting. Bathed 解析 句意为：沐浴在金色的阳光下，这个小山谷看起来非常迷人。be bathed in… 为固定表达，意为“沐浴在……（光线）之中”。分析句子成分可知，设空处作状语，故直接填形容词bathed。 5.It takes a lot for one _____________ （distinguish） himself from other candidates in a job interview. to distinguish 解析 句意为：一个人想要在求职面试中脱颖而出需要付出很多。分析句子成分可知，It在句中作形式主语，此处应用动词不定式短语作真正的主语。 6.Unfortunately, he ended up _______ （fail） the driving test in spite of his hard training. failing 解析 句意为：遗憾的是，尽管努力练习了，他最后还是未能通过驾照考试。end up doing… 为固定搭配，意为“最终处于……”，故填failing。 刷单句填空 3 7.The comedy film _________ （feature） amazing plots has won great popularity since it hit the market. featuring 解析 句意为：这部情节精彩的喜剧电影自上映以来就很受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，设空处作定语，修饰The comedy film，feature在此作动词，表示“以……为特色”，结合句意可知，feature和The comedy film之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故使用其现在分词形式。故填featuring。 8.The staff strongly demanded that their wages ____________________ （raise） by 20%. (should) be raised 解析 句意为：员工强烈要求涨薪20%。demand意为“要求”时，后面的宾语从句需要使用虚拟语气，从句谓语应用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略；wages和raise之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。 刷单句填空 4 9.For teachers, there are varieties of approaches to _______ （get） into the students’ minds. getting 解析 句意为：对于老师们而言，他们有各种各样的方法走进学生的内心。approaches to… 为固定搭配，其中to为介词，后面应用动名词作宾语。 10.It was with great courage and determination _____ I finally crossed the finishing line. that 解析 句意为：正是怀着巨大的勇气和决心，我最终越过了终点线。本句删去It was和设空处后句意完整，没有成分缺失，故本句为it was… that/who… 强调句型，强调内容为物，应填that。 刷单句填空 5 根据提示补全句子。 1.所有观众都有可能被这个感人的故事打动。（chance） ________ ____ _____ all the audience are affected by this moving story. 2.由于迫切想得到票，小男孩使劲挤到了前面去。（push） Anxious to get the ticket, the boy gathered strength and _______ ____ _____ ___ ____ ______. Chances are that pushed his way to the front 3.了解更多的背景文化能有助于深入理解影片。（light） Knowing more about the background culture may ______ ___ _____ ____ a deep understanding of the film. shine a light on 4.他的建议对我来说很有意义，值得充分考虑。（sense） His proposal _______ ______ ___ me, which deserves enough consideration. 5.他醒来之后，发现自己安然无恙。（“find+宾语+宾补”结构） He woke up and ______ ________ _____ _____ ______. makes sense to found himself safe and sound 刷单句表达 6 04 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2 Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 7 A [河南南阳2023高二期中] Robots are famously cold, hard and unfeeling, so they may not be the greatest audience for your favourite knock-knock joke. However, scientists in Japan are looking to change their reputation, by teaching them when and how to laugh using artificial intelligence (AI). The researchers created an android, named “Erica”, which they trained to detect laughter in conversation, then decide whether to laugh in response and what kind of laughter would be the best. Her conversations and chuckles（轻笑声）were then watched by volunteers, who decided that her responses demonstrated empathy（共鸣）and human-likeness. 刷阅读理解 8 Lead author Dr Koji Inoue, from Kyoto University, said, “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy. Conversation is, of course, multimodal, not just responding correctly. So we decided that one way a robot can empathise with users is to share their laughter, which you cannot do with a text-based chatbot （聊天机器人）.” The aim of the research was to develop AI that can understand slight differences in humour. While it would be possible to train an algorithm （计算程序） to recognise laughter, or read out a joke, these abilities would not enable it to copy natural conversation. 刷阅读理解 9 The researchers first developed a “shared-laughter” model for Erica to run, which would allow her to respond to human laughter as an empathetic response. This model asks three questions in order for the robot to appropriately respond to a conversational cue. First is “Did the user laugh?”, then “Will Erica laugh in response?” and finally, if she responds yes to both, “Which type of laughter is proper?”. The types of laughter Erica would choose from are a “social laugh”, a polite chuckle to fill conversation when humour is not involved, or a “mirthful laugh” for funny situations. To teach the AI to use the shared-laughter model effectively, the researchers gathered data by sending the robot to speed dating. Erica, who was remotely operated by four female actors, had over 80 dialogues with male university students. The laughter that appeared during the conversations was then classified into solo, social or mirthful laughter. This was then used to train Erica’s neural network in how to decide when it is appropriate to laugh, and which type of laughter to use. 刷阅读理解 10 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本科学家通过人工智能教机器人什么时候笑以及如何笑。 1.What did the scientists in Japan exactly want to do in this research?( ) C A.To change the robot’s reputation. B.To use artificial intelligence. C.To teach the robot when and how to laugh. D.To create a new android. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的However, scientists in Japan are looking to change their reputation, by teaching them when and how to laugh using artificial intelligence (AI).可知，在这项研究中，日本科学家想教机器人何时笑以及如何笑。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 11 2.What can be learnt according to Dr Koji’s words?( ) B A.Empathy is the most important function of conversational AI. B.Sharing their laughter can make a robot empathise with users. C.Being multimodal is one of the characteristics of conversation. D.Conversation only needs to respond correctly. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中井上浩二博士的话So we decided that one way a robot can empathise with users is to share their laughter可知，分享笑声可以让机器人与用户产生共鸣。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 12 3.Which statement will the author probably agree with?( ) D A.A text-based chatbot can have sympathy for others. B.An algorithm can not recognise laughter or read a joke. C.Erica can learn to laugh from three questions. D.The actors and students can give examples of when and how to laugh. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，被四位女演员远程操控的机器人“埃丽卡”和男性大学生有80多次谈话。谈话中的笑声被用来训练“埃丽卡”的神经网络决定何时恰当去笑以及应该用哪种笑声，所以，作者会同意“演员和学生可以给出何时去笑以及如何笑的例子”这一种说法。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 13 4.Which can be the best title for the text?( ) A A.Scientists Try to Teach a Robot When It Is Appropriate to Laugh B.Robots Know How to Laugh After Learning and Training C.A New Trend Is Coming as Artificial Intelligence Learns to Laugh D.Researchers Try to Teach a Robot How to Make a Conversation 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中的However, scientists in Japan are looking to change their reputation, by teaching them when and how to laugh using artificial intelligence (AI).可知，本文介绍了日本科学家通过人工智能教机器人什么时候笑以及如何笑，所以A项（科学家试图教机器人什么时候适合笑）是文章最佳标题。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 14 B I often teach about happiness and what has become clear is this: There are some qualities unhappy people always have. Here are some of them. Happy people know life can be hard and tend to live through hard times. They take responsibility for how they got themselves into a mess, and focus on getting themselves out of it as soon as possible. Unhappy people see themselves as victims of life and stay stuck in the “look at what happened to me” attitude instead of finding a way through and out to the other side. Most happy people believe in the good in people instead of assuming everyone is out to get them. Generally open and friendly towards people they meet, happy people foster （培养） a sense of community around themselves and meet new people with an open heart. Unhappy people are distrustful of most people they meet and assume that strangers can’t be trusted. Unfortunately, the behaviour slowly runis all chances of meeting new friends. 刷阅读理解 15 Unhappy people believe someone else’s good fortune steals from their own. They believe there’s not enough goodness to go around and always compare others’ with theirs. This leads to jealousy （嫉妒）. Happy people know that others’ good luck and superior circumstances are just signs of what they also can achieve if they try hard enough. They believe in unlimited possibilities and don’t get stuck in thinking one person’s good fortune limits their possible outcomes in life. There’s a big space between your ears. Unhappy people fill that space with constant worry and fear. Happy people experience fear and worry too, but they distinguish between feeling them and living with them. When fear or worry crosses happy people’s minds, they’ll ask themselves if there’s action that can be taken to prevent their fear or worry from happening and they take it. If not, they realise they’re spinning in fear and they lay it down. 刷阅读理解 16 【语篇导读】本文比较了幸福的人与不幸福的人之间的一些区别。 1.What do unhappy people tend to do according to Paragraph 2?( ) C A.They focus on what they really want. B.They get worried about what will happen. C.They stay focused on the past misfortunes. D.They find a way to live through hard times. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Unhappy people see themselves as victims of life and stay stuck in the “look at what happened to me” attitude instead of finding a way through and out to the other side.可知，不幸福的人不会寻找方法走出困境，而是抱怨所处的困境，裹足不前，故选C项。 刷阅读理解 17 2.According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, what is true of unhappy people?( ) B A.They like making some new friends. B.They hate seeing others with good fortune. C.They are more likely to be cheated by strangers. D.They believe they can get good luck by working hard. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Unhappy people are distrustful of most people they meet and assume that strangers can’t be trusted.及第四段中的Unhappy people believe someone else’s good fortune steals from their own. They believe there’s not enough goodness to go around and always compare others’ with theirs. This leads to jealousy.可知，不幸福的人不会信任别人，反而会嫉妒别人。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 18 3.What is implied about happy people?( ) C A.They don’t think life is hard. B.They hardly ever fear anything. C.They try to get out of their fear or worry. D.They don’t believe in every people they meet. 解析 推理判断题。根据第五段中的When fear or worry crosses happy people’s minds, they’ll ask themselves if there’s action they can take to prevent their fear or worry from happening and they take it.可知，幸福的人感到害怕或担心时，他们会反思能不能采取行动消除恐惧或焦虑，并积极地付诸实践。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 19 4.How is the text mainly developed?( ) A A.By making comparisons. B.By giving examples. C.By showing detailed data. D.By proving some theories. 解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是通过比较幸福的人与不幸福的人之间的区别而展开的。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 20 长难句分析 句意：当快乐的人感到恐惧或担忧时，他们会问自己是否有可以采取的行动来阻止恐惧或担忧的发生，然后他们就采取了行动。 刷阅读理解 21 [河北石家庄一中2024高二期中] Last summer, my family had a vacation that left a lasting impact on me. Our family is a tight-knit （紧密团结的） group, each member with their unique . .1. .. My mother stands out with her cheerful and humorous . .2. .. Her personality has a way of . .3. . any situation, making her the heart and soul of our adventures. During our journey, we . .4. . a situation that showed my mother’s kindness and humour. We had just arrived at a little town when we . .5. . a lost tourist looking bewildered （不知所措的）. Most people would have walked by, but not my mum. She . .6. . the stranger with a warm smile and started a(n) . .7. .. Her sense of humour and friendliness . .8. . put the traveller at ease. 刷完形填空 22 As we listened to their conversation, I realised the importance of extending a helping hand to those in need, even to . .9. .. Finally with my mum’s help, the tourist was reunited with her partners. It was a heartwarming moment that taught me the power of kindness, humour, and the beauty of human . .10. .. Throughout the trip, I . .11. . how my mother’s positive attitude and willingness to lend a hand made our journey smoother and more . .12. .. She taught me that life’s adventures are not just about the . .13. . but also discovering valuable life along the way. Looking back, I . .14. . myself on having such a loving family. And the trip was such a . .15. . experience. 刷完形填空 23 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对去年夏天家庭度假的回忆，特别强调了母亲在旅行中的积极态度和善良幽默的个性对作者的影响。作者通过母亲的行为认识到善良、幽默和友爱的重要性，并学会了在人生旅途中不仅要关注目的地，也要欣赏沿途的美好。 1.( ) A.height B.characteristics C.plans D.wealth B 解析 根据下文中的My mother stands out with her cheerful and humorous .和Her personality可知，此处作者想表达的是每个家庭成员都有不同的性格特点。故选B项。 2.( ) A.nature B.blood C.duty D.interest A 解析 根据空前的cheerful and humorous和下文中的Her personality可知，此处指母亲开朗幽默的天性。nature在此处表示“天性；本质；性格”，故选A项。 【知识拓展】nature一词多义 n. 自然；自然界；天性；性格；特征；本质 刷完形填空 24 3.( ) A.setting aside B.appealing to C.brightening up D.taking up C 解析 根据上文中的cheerful and humorous可推知，开朗幽默的母亲能使任何情况变得愉快。brighten up意为“使增添乐趣；有希望”，故选C项。set aside意为“留出”；appeal to意为“对……有吸引力；呼吁”；take up意为“开始从事”。 4.( ) A.foresaw B.evaluated C.created D.encountered D 解析 根据下文内容可知，下文讲述了作者一家遇到一位迷路的游客，开朗幽默的母亲主动提供帮助的事情，所以此处指他们遇到一个情况。encounter意为“遇到（尤指令人不快或困难的事）”，故选D项。foresee意为“预见”；evaluate意为“评估”。 5.( ) A.spotted B.accepted C.questioned D.dropped A 解析 根据语境可知，此处表示作者一家人到达小镇后发现了一个迷路的游客。spot意为“发现；注意到”，故选A项。 刷完形填空 25 6.( ) A.prevented B.approached C.recognised D.impressed B 解析 根据上文中的Most people would have walked by, but not my mum.可知，母亲没有像其他人一样走开，而是走近这个陌生人。approach意为“接近”，故选B项。 7.( ) A.trouble B.silence C.conversation D.experiment C 解析 根据下文中的As we listened to their conversation可知，此处表示母亲和陌生人开始交谈。故选C项。 8.( ) A.slightly B.hardly C.instantly D.partly C 解析 结合上文中提到的with a warm smile可知，此处表示母亲的幽默和友善让这位游客立刻放松下来。故选C项。 刷完形填空 26 9.( ) A.neighbours B.co-workers C.producers D.strangers D 解析 根据上文中的We had just arrived at a little town when we a lost tourist looking bewildered.可知，这位迷路的游客是陌生人，此处表示作者认识到了向有需要的人，甚至陌生人伸出援助之手的重要性。故选D项。 10.( ) A.qualification B.connection C.commitment D.culture B 解析 根据上文中的I realised the importance of extending a helping hand to those in need可推知，母亲让作者懂得了帮助需要帮助的人的重要性，让作者明白了善意的力量和人与人之间美好的情感联系。故选B项。qualification意为“资格”；commitment意为“承诺”。 11.( ) A.expected B.explained C.regretted D.observed D 解析 根据句中的how my mother’s positive attitude and willingness to lend a hand made our journey smoother可知，这是作者在整个旅途中观察到的事情。observe意为“看到；注意到；观察到”，故选D项。 刷完形填空 27 12.( ) A.changeable B.normal C.enjoyable D.difficult C 解析 more 与空前的smoother是并列关系，故此处表达的感情色彩是一致的，说明母亲积极的态度和愿意伸出援手的意愿带来的美好结果。结合语境可知，此处表示“更加顺利、更加愉快的旅程”。故选C项。 13.( ) A.destinations B.devotion C.resistance D.predictions A 解析 根据not just… but also… 结构和空后的along the way可知，此处表示生活中的冒险不仅要关注目的地，还要找寻旅途中有意义的经历。故选A项。devotion意为“奉献”；resistance意为“抵抗”；prediction意为“预测”。 刷完形填空 28 14.( ) A.press B.pride C.charge D.challenge B 解析 根据上文作者对母亲的描述和句中的having such a loving family可推知，作者为有这样的家庭感到自豪。故选B项。 15.( ) A.distant B.risky C.demanding D.memorable D 解析 根据第一段中的Last summer, my family had a vacation that left a lasting impact on me.可知，这次旅行是一次难忘的经历。memorable意为“难忘的”，故选D项。risky意为“危险的”；demanding意为“要求高的；苛刻的”。 刷完形填空 29 $$