Unit 2 Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步课件（人教版2019）

英语 选择性必修 第一册 RJ 1 选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 Looking Into the Future 2 01 Period I Reading and Thinking Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 3 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Maybe this study will __________ （potential） change the way we see the environment and treat it in the future. potentially 解析 句意为：这项研究可能会潜在地改变未来我们看待和对待环境的方式。设空处修饰动词change，在句中作状语，应用副词。故填potentially。 2.The Wandering Earth, a 3-D film, is set in a _______ （distance） future, when the sun is about to destroy the Earth. distant 解析 句意为：《流浪地球》是一部3-D电影，它以遥远的未来为背景，那时太阳即将毁灭地球。设空处作定语,修饰名词future，应用形容词。故填distant。 刷单句填空 4 3.The brain is __________ （constant） remembering and forgetting information—and much of this happens automatically during sleep. constantly 解析 句意为：大脑不断地记住和忘记信息，而且大部分是在睡眠中自动发生的。设空处修饰动词remembering和forgetting，应用副词作状语。故填constantly。 4.Since these technologies can improve __________ （efficient） by more than 50%, they have been widely applied to the industrial process in the past few years. efficiency 解析 句意为：由于这些技术可以提高50%以上的效率，在过去的几年中，它们已经被广泛应用于工业生产过程中。本句为包含Since引导的原因状语从句的主从复合句，设空处在从句中作宾语，此处表示“提高效率”，应用名词。故填efficiency。 刷单句填空 5 5.Please ensure that all the lights are switched ____ before you leave the classroom. off 解析 句意为：离开教室前，请确保所有的灯都关了。根据语境可知，此处表示“离开教室前要关灯”，switch off为固定搭配，意为“关闭（灯、电器等）”。故填off。 6.I don’t think what he said is directly relevant ___ the topic we are discussing. to 解析 句意为：我认为他所说的东西与我们正在讨论的话题没有直接的关系。be relevant to 意为“与……有关”，为固定搭配。故填to。 7.People develop a preference ____ a particular style of learning at an early age, which affects learning in their later life. for 解析 句意为：人们在很小的时候就对特定的学习方式产生偏好，这会影响他们以后的学习。preference for为固定搭配，意为“对……的偏好；偏爱……”。故填for。 刷单句填空 6 8.At first he was opposed to the plan, but we managed to persuade him _________ （accept） it. to accept 解析 句意为：起初他反对这个计划，但我们设法说服他接受了。persuade sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“说服某人做某事；劝某人做某事”。故填to accept。 9.You’d better not phone our manager from three to four this afternoon; he ________________ （prepare） for a meeting then. will be preparing 解析 句意为：你最好不要在今天下午三点到四点给我们经理打电话。他那时将正在为开会做准备。此处then是指将来时间，设空处是谓语动词，指将来某时刻正在进行的动作，应用将来进行时。故填will be preparing。 刷单句填空 7 10.The manager commanded that measures ___________________ （take） immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing. （should） be taken 解析 句意为：经理命令立即采取措施纠正营销中所犯的一切错误。分析句子结构可知，设空处为宾语从句的谓语。command后接宾语从句时，从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略；结合语境可知，此处measures与take之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填（should） be taken。 刷单句填空 根据提示补全句子。 1.智能手表将持续跟踪相关数据，以便及时发现一些重大疾病。（relevant） Smart watches will _____ ________ ______ ___ ________ _____ so as to detect some critical illnesses in time. keep constant track of relevant data 2.从这个意义上说，博物馆的建设应该注重追求质量而不是数量。（sense; attach） ___ _____ ______, the construction of the museums should ______ ___________ ___ _________ the quality rather than quantity. In this sense attach importance to pursuing 3.如果树木继续以目前的速度被砍伐，过不了多久就没有树荫了。 If trees continue to be cut down at the present rate, ___ ______ ____ _____ _______ there are no trees for shade. it won’t be long before 4.下课铃一响，所有的学生都冲出了教室。（instant） _____ _______ ____ _____ _____, out of the classroom poured all students. The instant the bell rang 5.我们有必要利用可获得的数据来预测未来趋势。（available） It’s necessary for us ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ to predict the future trend. [答案] to take advantage of/make use of the available data 刷单句表达 9 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A smart home takes advantage of automation technology and modern building techniques to give homeowners a new level of control. It can make us 1. . （security）, save us energy and provide a more comfortable place 2. . （live） in. The smart home offers several advantages. First, it can control all electrical appliances 3. . （automatic）, which makes your home more energy-efficient. The smart system will also learn your daily routine and preferences. When you get home every evening, it will prepare everything for you. For instance, your lights will come on 4. . instant you enter the door. All controls will respond to voice 5. . （command）, so if you want to change your routine, you just say your needs aloud. Second, 6. . （monitor） your health for you every day, the smart home can send an earlier 7. . （warn） if there is something abnormal or a critical illness with you. Even it can give you some advice on a healthier diet. What’s more, serious damage from accidents 8. . （prevent） in secure to live automatically the commands monitoring warning will be prevented 刷课文改编填空 10 the smart home. It can detect a short in the electrical wiring or a leak in the water pipe, and then provide you 9. . the relevant information. While many of these new innovations are already available in some homes, it will take several years 10. . most homes use this new technology. with before 刷课文改编填空 1._______ secure 解析 此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，形容词作宾补时，该结构表示“使……处于某种状态”。此处表示“使我们在安全上有保障”。 2._______ to live 解析 a place to live in 意为“居住的地方”，此处为动词不定式短语作后置定语。 3._____________ automatically 解析 设空处修饰动词control,应用副词。故填automatically。 4.____ the 解析 the instant引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。 5.__________ commands 解析 此处command表示“命令；指令”，为可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，应用名词复数形式。 刷课文改编填空 12 6.___________ monitoring 解析 句中已有谓语动词，与设空处之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语形式，monitor与主语the smart home之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。 7.________ warning 解析 设空处作send的宾语，其前有冠词an修饰，应用名词形式。故填warning。 8._________________ will be prevented 解析 设空处在句中作谓语，prevent与主语serious damage from accidents之间是被动关系，且此处表示设想的情况，动作发生在将来，所以应用一般将来时的被动语态。 9._____ with 解析 provide sb with sth为固定搭配，意为“给某人提供某物”。 10._______ before 解析 “it will+take+时间段+before…”意为“要过……时间才能……”。 刷课文改编填空 13 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For better or for worse, the widespread and 1. . （limit） use of drones will affect our lives in different ways. It is certain that as the technology gets more advanced, more drones 2. . （fly） in the sky.3. . all the wonderful functions that drones perform, they may also cause trouble. Take air traffic for example. When passenger drones are flying above our cities in large 4. . （quantity）, the sky will be getting more and more crowded. As a result, they are 5. . （likely） to crash into each other. In addition, drones cause much trouble for airlines as some of them fly near airports, 6. . （pose） a threat to planes that are taking off or landing. Another risk is 7. . people might take advantage of drones to harm others. For instance, as more people will be using drones for photography in the future, some might spy on and take photographs of others without their knowledge.8. . （legal） hunters might also use drones to track and kill animals. unlimited will be flying/will fly Despite quantities more likely posing that Illegal 刷语法填空 14 Such issues must be addressed. The government needs to make laws 9. . （monitor） the production and use of drones. For example, in some countries, 10. . remote pilot licence is required in order to fly a drone for business purposes. At the moment, different countries are developing air traffic control systems that can manage large numbers of drones. Police forces around the world are also looking at ways of stopping drones from flying near airports and stadiums. to monitor a 刷语法填空 15 1._________ unlimited 解析 句意为：不管是好是坏，无人机的广泛和无限制的使用将以不同的方式影响我们的生活。设空处与形容词widespread共同作定语修饰名词use，设空处也应用形容词，表示“无限制的”。故填unlimited。 2.____________________ will be flying/will fly 解析 句意为：可以肯定的是，随着技术的进步，更多的无人机将在天空中飞行。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示将来发生的事情，所以应用一般将来时或将来进行时。故填will be flying/will fly。 3.________ Despite 解析 句意为：尽管无人机有各种奇妙的功能，但它们也可能带来麻烦。根据句意及空后的名词短语all the wonderful functions可知，此处应填介词，表示“尽管”。故填Despite。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人机的使用会产生的不良后果和风险，因此要对无人机的使用进行监管。 刷语法填空 16 4._________ quantities 解析 句意为：当大量的客运无人机在我们的城市上空飞行时，天空将变得越来越拥挤。in large quantities为固定短语，意为“大量地”。故填quantities。 5.___________ more likely 解析 句意为：因此，它们更有可能相互碰撞。根据the sky will be getting more and more crowded和句意可知，此处表示“更有可能”，应用比较级。故填more likely。 6._______ posing 解析 句意为：此外，无人机给航空公司带来了很多麻烦，因为其中一些无人机在机场附近飞行，对起飞或降落的飞机构成威胁。设空处作结果状语，应用非谓语形式，pose和其逻辑主语some of them fly near airports之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填posing。 刷语法填空 17 7._____ that 解析 句意为：另一个风险是，人们可能会利用无人机伤害他人。设空处引导表语从句，从句语义及结构完整，引导词在从句中不充当成分，无实义，应用that引导该从句。故填that。 8._______ Illegal 解析 句意为：非法猎人也可能使用无人机追踪和猎杀动物。由空后hunters为名词可知，设空处作定语，修饰hunters；根据句意可知，此处表示“非法的”。故填Illegal。 9.___________ to monitor 解析 句意为：政府需要制定法律来监控无人机的生产和使用。此处表示“来……；以……”，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to monitor。 10.___ a 解析 句意为：例如，在一些国家，出于商业目的驾驶无人机需要远程飞行员执照。licence为可数名词，此处泛指“一个远程飞行员执照”，且remote的读音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 刷语法填空 18 01 Period I Reading and Thinking Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 19 A Medical artificial intelligence （AI） can perform with expert-level accuracy and deliver cost-effective health care. IBM’s Watson diagnoses heart disease better than doctors. Chatbots give better medical advice to patients in place of nurses. Smartphone apps can now detect skin cancer. Some forecast that medical AI will enter most hospitals and replace what quite a few doctors currently do. Yet, as recent researches suggest, patients show a strong reluctance to medical AI—a big challenge the health care system will really face. The reason is not the belief that AI provides inferior care. Nor is it that patients think that AI is more costly, less convenient, or less informative. Rather, it seems that AI does not take into account one’s specific characteristics and circumstances. People view themselves as unique. By contrast, they see AI medical care as standardised—well suited to treat an average patient but not enough to deal with unique individual circumstances. It is no wonder that medical AI providers are given a cold welcome. 刷阅读理解 20 There are a number of steps that care providers can take to overcome patients’ resistance to medical AI.For example, they can remove the concerns about being treated as an average patient by giving their recommendations specifically and uniquely. If so, patients in doubt would be as likely to follow the treatment recommendations of the AI provider as they would be to follow those of a human physician （医生）.In addition, health care providers could also deliver individualised health care by explaining how the algorithms （算法） work and sharing patients’ reviews of the service with the media. Having a physician confirm the recommendation of an AI provider should make people more receptive to AI-based care. People are comfortable using medical AI if a physician remains in charge of the final decision. AI-based health care technologies are being developed and employed at an impressive rate, providing better medical services for the patients. But utilising the full potential of them will require that we first overcome patients’ scepticism. 刷阅读理解 21 1.How does the author explain the use of medical AI in Paragraph 1?( ) C A.By listing data. B.By doing experiments. C.By giving examples. D.By making comparisons. 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，医疗人工智能能够进行专业化的操作和提供低成本的医疗服务，并举了IBM研发的Watson、聊天机器人、智能手机应用程序的例子来说明人工智能在医疗领域的应用。由此可推测出，作者通过举例子的方法来解释医疗人工智能的应用。故选C项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了医疗人工智能发展迅速，但要想充分发挥其潜力，需要首先解决人们对它的抵触情绪。 刷阅读理解 22 【知识拓展】行文手法的常见表述 by listing reasons 列举原因 by following time/space order 按时间/空间顺序 by analysing cause and effect 分析因果关系 by listing numbers/giving data 列数据 by asking questions 提问 by making comparisons/a comparison 作比较 by giving examples/an example 举例子 by giving a definition 下定义 by describing a process 描述过程 刷阅读理解 23 2.What holds back the wide application of medical AI most probably?( ) D A.Its high cost. B.Its misdiagnosis. C.Its inconvenience. D.Its inflexibility. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的By contrast, they see AI medical care as standardised—well suited to treat an average patient but not enough to deal with unique individual circumstances.可知，人们认为医疗人工智能的治疗模式是标准化的，不能根据每个人的特殊情况去作判断，所以阻碍人工智能医疗发展的是它的灵活性不足。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 24 3.What is suggested to make medical AI acceptable to patients?( ) B A.Treating patients as average people. B.Offering personalised cure plans. C.Updating the algorithms in time. D.Keeping away from the physician. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的For example, they can remove the concerns about being treated as an average patient by giving their recommendations specifically and uniquely.可知，可以通过给患者提出个性化的治疗方案，从而让医疗人工智能为患者所接受。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 25 4.What does the underlined word “scepticism” probably mean?( ) A A.Distrust. B.Mystery. C.Fantasy. D.Criticism. 解析 词义猜测题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要论述了医疗人工智能发展受阻的主要原因，由于医疗人工智能的治疗程序相对固定，无法根据患者的个人情况作出灵活调整，患者不信任医疗人工智能作出的诊断；再结合第三段中的关键词patients in doubt可知，患者对医疗人工智能持怀疑态度。由此可推测出，画线词所在句表示“要想充分发挥医疗人工智能的潜力，首先要消除患者的怀疑”。画线词意为“怀疑”，与distrust意思最接近。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 26 长难句分析 句意：让医生确认人工智能提供者的建议应该会让人们更容易接受基于人工智能的护理。 刷阅读理解 核心词汇 1.take… into account考虑到……；把……考虑进去 2.resistance n.反对；抗拒；反抗；抵抗 3.in charge of管理；负责 进阶词汇 1.reluctance n.勉强；不情愿 2.individualised adj.个性化的；与个人有关的 individualise vt.使个性化 刷阅读理解 28 B Commercial airlines alone contribute around 3 percent of total global carbon emissions.But the industry is actively looking for green solutions in the form of sustainable airline fuel, and in one case, that fuel may have had a previous life as your household food waste. In a study released in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, a team of researchers detail a method of converting food waste into sustainable airline fuel. Biomass （生物质）, such as animal and food waste, can be converted into biofuels, which are renewable liquid fuels made from organic matter. Derek Vardon, a senior research engineer at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory （NREL）, said that their fuel worked as a mixture of 90 percent conventional petrol airline fuel and 10 percent alternative airline fuel required by the industry currently.He also showed the research team could push it to a 70/30 mixture with more time and testing available. 刷阅读理解 29 Major companies are eager to get involved in sustainable airline fuel because some sustainable solutions, such as battery-operated commercial planes, just aren’t possible yet with current battery technology. A battery-powered plane would be too heavy to fly long distances, so fuel that works in the same way as the fuel we have is a simpler way to trade out emission-heavy fossil fuels. Vardon says that because the wet waste used in the process would normally go to a landfill （垃圾填埋场） and break down to release greenhouse gases, the process of making and using sustainable airline fuel could actually have a negative carbon footprint when scaled up. Commercial airlines are also on board to find an affordable and sustainable solution to the carbon-intensive process of air travel. Airlines are looking to hit aggressive sustainability goals by 2050, including decreasing net carbon dioxide emissions by 50 percent. 刷阅读理解 30 1.Which of the following is used for sustainable airline power?( ) A A.Biomass. B.Liquid fuel. C.Battery power. D.Fossil fuel. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句In a study released in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, a team of researchers detail a method of converting food waste into sustainable airline fuel.和第二段第一句Biomass, such as animal and food waste, can be converted into biofuels, which are renewable liquid fuels made from organic matter.可知，生物质可以被转化为可持续的航空燃料。故选A项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究：将食物垃圾转化为可持续航空燃料，该燃料有望给未来客机带来动力。 刷阅读理解 31 2.Why aren’t commercial planes battery-powered?( ) D A.Batteries are more costly. B.It’s inconvenient to produce batteries. C.Batteries are not environmentally friendly. D.Battery-powered planes are unlikely to travel far. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的A battery-powered plane would be too heavy to fly long distances可知，目前飞机不用电池驱动的原因是，电池驱动的飞机太重，无法长距离飞行，即无法飞得远。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 32 【方法总结】通过分析长难句理解文章内容 长难句是历年高考阅读理解中必出现的，因此学会理解长难句对正确解题有很大的帮助，只要能理解关键的句子，正确提炼信息，一些阅读理解题就能得出答案。无论结构多么复杂的长难句，都是由一些基本的成分组成的。基本思路就是先找到句子主干，然后再把修饰或解释的成分填进去。以本句为例： A battery-powered plane would be too heavy to fly long distances, so fuel that works in the same way as the fuel we have is a simpler way to trade out emission-heavy fossil fuels. 结构分析：该句是由so连接的两个并列句，so前是原因，带着一个too… to… 结构；so后面是结果，找到句子主干fuel is a simpler way后，再把定语从句that works in the same way as the fuel we have填进去修饰fuel，把to trade out emission-heavy fossil fuels填回去修饰way。 句意：电池驱动的飞机太重，无法飞很远的距离，因此，（使用）与我们现有燃料的工作原理相同的燃料是一种更简单的方式，可以取代高排放的化石燃料。 刷阅读理解 33 3.What does the underlined phrase “on board” in the last paragraph refer to?( ) B A.Taking off. B.Participating in. C.Holding a meeting. D.Appearing on stage. 解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Major companies are eager to get involved in sustainable airline fuel和最后一段最后一句Airlines are looking to hit aggressive sustainability goals by 2050, including decreasing net carbon dioxide emissions by 50 percent.可知，画线短语所在句表示“商业航空公司也正在参与寻找一种负担得起的、可持续的解决方案……”。on board意为“参与”。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 34 4.Which can be a suitable title for the text?( ) C A.Alternative Energy to Fossil Fuel B.How to Get Fossil Fuel Sustainable C.Changing Food Waste Into Airplane Fuel D.How to Decrease Carbon Dioxide Emissions 解析 主旨大意题。结合全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员正在努力将食物垃圾转化为可持续的航空燃料。所以C项（把食物垃圾变成飞机燃料）最能概括全文主旨。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 35 核心词汇 1.commercial adj.商业的 2.currently adv.当前 3.affordable adj.支付得起的 进阶词汇 1.emission n.排放物；（光、热、气等的）发出 2.sustainable adj.可持续的；不破坏生态平衡的 熟词生义 detail 熟义：n.细节；详细情况 生义：vt.详细说明；详述 刷阅读理解 36 In today’s fast-paced world, comfort and relaxation are key to a happy daily life. People want to have their tasks finished as quickly and efficiently as possible. We all search for convenience.1. ..Here are the top smart home trends to follow this year. With these all by your side, you can transform your living. Improved home security, safety, and privacy 2. ..Security firms are now offering some very next-level security systems that safeguard homes and protect privacy. Artificial intelligence （AI） biometric authentication, robust protection against cyberattacks, advanced cameras, and alarm systems are some examples of smart home solutions. Voice-assistant smart technology Voice-assistant innovative technology helps users do a lot like turning on music, computers, TVs and other devices inside their homes! 3. ..An example of such technology is Amazon Alexa, which can assist you in better everyday living! D E F 刷7选5 37 4. . You can also use smart home technology to help you with everyday household chores! You can stay in bed in your pyjamas while your AI vacuum cleaner does all the work for you! Smart healthcare technology 5. ..These can significantly help in case of emergencies.5G technology is also coming up, allowing devices to be controlled remotely in near-real time. All of that can help in certain situations when a quick reaction is necessary. A G A.Smart home cleaning B.Smart touchless technology C.We all want our homes to look nice and bright D.That’s why more and more people are interested in smart home E.These are always the most important things for every homeowner F.It also helps in making a cosy atmosphere by adjusting temperature and lighting G.Smart devices allow fast communication with medical professionals over the Internet 刷7选5 38 1.___ D 解析 结合下文介绍的智能家居的各种功能可知，该空处要提到 smart home,D项（那就是为什么越来越多的人对智能家居感兴趣）符合语境，与空前的convenience相呼应。故选D项。 2.___ E 解析 根据小标题Improved home security, safety, and privacy和常识可知，安全和隐私对每个家庭来说都非常重要。E项（对于每个房主来说，这些总是最重要的事情）符合语境，选项中的These指代小标题中的home security, safety, and privacy。故选E项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了能帮助人们改善日常生活的智能家居。 刷7选5 39 3.___ F 解析 根据本段小标题Voice-assistant smart technology（语音助手智能技术）和设空前的内容可推知，设空处应继续介绍语音助手智能技术在日常生活方面给人们提供的帮助。F项（它还可以通过调节温度和光线来帮助营造舒适的氛围）符合语境，also表明和上文的并列关系。故选F项。 4.___ A 解析 设空处为本段小标题，要能概括本段主旨大意，根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲述智能家居的清洁功能。A项（智能家居清洁）符合语境。故选A项。 5.___ G 解析 根据本段小标题Smart healthcare technology（智能医疗技术）可知，设空处内容应与医疗相关。G项（智能设备让通过因特网与医疗专业人员进行快速沟通成为可能）符合语境，选项中的medical professionals呼应标题中的healthcare。故选G项。 刷7选5 40 核心词汇 1.fast-paced adj.快节奏的 2.transform vt.& vi.使改观 3.innovative adj.创新的；引进新思想的 进阶词汇 chore n.家务活；日常事务；令人厌烦的任务 刷7选5 41 $$