Unit 4 Living with technology 单元限时小卷-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步课件（译林版2020）

03 单元限时小卷 建议用时：56分钟 1 [重庆2024高二期末] Coming into the town of Santa Catarina Palopó, in the highlands of Lake Atitlán in Guatemala, the first thing you notice is the bright colours. Most of the buildings along the main street are eye-catching, in deep, varied shades of blues and greens; interspersed （点缀） with red and yellow to form complex patterns and designs. Santa Catarina Palopó was once a sleepy town of 5,000 people, most of them indigenous （本地的）and dependent on agricultural work. As agriculture began to dry up here, decline of the town and poverty for many of its families came. To deal with poverty and stimulate economic growth through tourism, a small but mighty group of labourers, artisans, domestic workers and stay-at-home mums created the Pintando Santa Catarina Palopó project. The project was initially to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colours, in an effort to change the hillside town into a work of art. “We wanted to paint the houses with colours and figures that represent the community,” says the project’s executive director Stephany Blanco. “A range of designs were created so that families can choose designs for their house that are representative of the family.” 刷阅读理解 2 One of the most representative characteristics of the region is the blue huipil, a traditional blouse which has been worn prominently by local women since the 16th century. That deep sky blue was chosen as the primary colour for the Pintando project, with secondary colours found in the sunsets and the nearby lake to make the design more attractive. As for the designs that would be used, they would also find inspiration in local culture—symbols such as volcanoes, flowers, Mayan-styled butterflies and the national bird of Guatemala. Each week, local artists, community members and tourists pick up paintbrushes to make buildings colourful. “At first, the idea of the project left many unsure about participating, but now you can see a considerable difference in the town,” Melissa Whitbeck said. “The colouring of the homes and buildings is believed to improve the quality of life of the people. It uplifts the people’s mood and encourages them to be proud of where they come from.” 刷阅读理解 3 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了危地马拉的圣卡塔琳娜帕洛波镇为促进经济发展而进行的一项彩绘项目。 1.What problem did Santa Catarina Palopó face?( ) B A.A labour shortage. B.Poor economic conditions. C.A rapid increase in population. D.Outdated agricultural technology. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的As agriculture began to dry up here, decline of the town and poverty for many of its families came. To deal with poverty and stimulate economic growth through tourism可知，圣卡塔琳娜帕洛波镇面临经济状况不佳的情况。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 4 2.What is the project about?( ) D A.Building art galleries in Guatemala. B.Creating job opportunities for local artisans. C.Developing local tourism by selling artworks. D.Transforming the town into a cultural destination. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The project was initially to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colours, in an effort to change the hillside town into a work of art. “We wanted to paint the houses with colours and figures that represent the community,”可知，这个项目要把这个城镇变成一个文化目的地。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 5 3.What is the inspiration of the primary colour for the project?( ) C A.The nearby lake. B.Mayan-styled butterflies. C.A type of traditional clothing. D.The national bird of Guatemala. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段前两句内容可知，蓝色的“惠皮尔”是当地的传统服饰，这种深天蓝色被选为该项目的主色调。由此可知，该项目的主色调灵感来自一种传统服装。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 6 4.What is Melissa’s attitude towards the project?( ) A A.Positive. B.Uncaring. C.Ambiguous. D.Disapproving. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中梅利莎·惠特贝克所说的话可知，她阐述了该项目产生的积极影响，认为该项目可以提高人们的生活质量，还能改善人们的情绪并鼓励当地居民为自己的家乡感到自豪，由此可推知，梅利莎对这个项目的态度是积极的。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 7 [山东德州2023高二期中] Some people put their bicycles away once they learn how to drive a car, while some others don’t. 1. . Serious cyclists often arrange to take part in races. One kind of race is the time trial. Each racer leaves the starting line at a different time and heads hard for the finish line. The cyclist who covers the distance in the shortest amount of time wins the race. A time trial is a very safe race for beginners. 2. . Another kind of race is more difficult. A few city blocks are closed to traffic. Then all the racers line up in a tight pack and begin racing at the same time. They cover many laps （一圈） going around and around the city blocks. 3. . It also requires skilful handling of the bicycle as it runs at full speed around other bicycles. The racer who completes all the laps first is the winner. 4. . Racers have to cover anywhere from 35 miles to almost 3,000 miles. The racecourse may be a straight stretch of roads or a long series of roads across the country. The prize goes to the first person who crosses the finish line. C G A D 刷7选5 8 Between races cyclists stay in good condition by doing exercise that builds up their strength so that they can keep riding for long periods of time. As cyclists become more experienced, they often join bicycling groups and become licenced racers. 5. . If you’re a cyclist, keep practising. You could become a star. A.The race requires more than speed. B.Only experienced cyclists can enter the race. C.For them, bicycling is actually an exciting sport. D.Road races are usually the longest cycling contests. E.Then they can enter special races all over the country. F.Cyclists still need to build themselves up for those races. G.The bicycles are spread out and are not likely to run into each other. E 刷7选5 9 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。有些人一学会开车就把自行车收起来，而有些人把骑自行车看作一项令人兴奋的运动，经常参加各种自行车赛。 1.___ C 解析 根据上文Some people put their bicycles away once they learn how to drive a car, while some others don’t.及下文Serious cyclists often arrange to take part in races.可知，设空处应承上启下，讲述自行车选手的情况。C项（对他们来说，骑自行车实际上是一项令人兴奋的运动）符合语境。 2.___ G 解析 根据上文One kind of race is the time trial.Each racer leaves the starting line at a different time and heads hard for the finish line.和A time trial is a very safe race for beginners.可知，自行车计时赛的参赛者在不同的时间离开起跑线，计时赛对新手来说是非常安全的比赛。G项（自行车分散开来，不太可能相撞）解释了计时赛对新手来说非常安全的原因，符合语境。 刷7选5 10 3.___ A 解析 根据下文It also requires skilful handling of the bicycle as it runs at full speed around other bicycles.The racer who completes all the laps first is the winner.可知，这种比赛不仅要求速度快，还需要熟练操控自行车。故A项符合语境。 4.___ D 解析 根据下文Racers have to cover anywhere from 35 miles to almost 3,000 miles.The racecourse may be a straight stretch of roads or a long series of roads across the country.可知，此处介绍的是第三种比赛——公路自行车赛。故D项（公路赛通常是里程最长的自行车比赛）符合语境。 5.___ E 解析 根据上文As cyclists become more experienced, they often join bicycling groups and become licenced racers.可知，当自行车选手有丰富的经验，而且有了执照后，他们就可以参加更多的比赛了。故E项（然后他们可以参加全国各地的特殊比赛）符合语境。 刷7选5 11 [河北邢台重点高中2024高二期末联考] Chris Raven, a former IT professional, found a new career after retirement. As a child, he took a（n） . .1. . to woodwork and music, but his career took a different . .2. .. After retirement, he . .3. . his two loves and became a flute （长笛） maker. Raven . .4. . this unique journey at the age of 70, after decades working in IT. He was . .5. . in a musical family, with both his parents . .6. . in music. He played the flute in his teenage years. And his love for the . .7. . was reawakened in his 40s. Due to a long lack of practice, his woodworking skills has . .8. .. One day, Raven found his old school reports . .9. ., which showed his best subjects were music and woodwork. That led him to . .10. . his passion for the two again. 刷完形填空 12 Around the age of 70, he signed up for an Irish flute-making workshop.. .11. ., Raven spends at least four days a week in the workshop, carefully . .12. . each flute. He has . .13. . his skills in woodturning, silverwork, leatherwork, and French polishing. He even cleared out his garage to settle a lathe （车床）, bandsaws, a milling machine and other . .14. .. Raven loves the feel of the wood and the smell of it when he is working. He feels . .15. . with his work, stating, “You could call it a job, but I never think of it as that.” 刷完形填空 13 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了生长在音乐家庭的克里斯·雷文在孩提时代就对木工和音乐情有独钟，但他的事业却走上了不同的道路。退休后，他把自己的两种爱好结合起来，成为一名长笛制作者。 1.( ) A.excuse B.fancy C.rest D.ear B 解析 根据后文的his two loves可知，他喜欢木工和音乐。take a fancy to意为“喜欢上”。故选B项。 2.( ) A.path B.view C.tone D.seat A 解析 根据上文和空前的but可知，他喜欢木工和音乐，但他的事业却走了一条不同的道路。故选A项。 3.( ) A.showed B.developed C.combined D.quit C 解析 根据下文内容可知，退休后雷文开始自己制作长笛，由此可推知，此处表示他把自己的两种爱好结合起来。故选C项。 刷完形填空 14 4.( ) A.continued B.recognised C.ended D.started D 解析 根据前文的After retirement, he ____ his two loves and became a flute maker.和后文at the age of 70, after decades working in IT 可知，在IT行业工作了几十年之后，雷文在70岁时开始了制作长笛。故选D项。 5.( ) A.educated B.raised C.settled D.engaged B 解析 根据后文的in a musical family, with both his parents ____ in music可知，他成长在一个音乐家庭。raise意为“养育；抚养”，故选B项。 6.( ) A.involved B.disappointed C.strict D.confident A 解析 根据上文中的a musical family可知，雷文成长在一个音乐家庭，他的父母都是从事与音乐相关的工作。be involved in意为“参与”，故选A项。disappointed意为“失望的”；strict意为“严格的”。 刷完形填空 15 7.( ) A.product B.instrument C.fashion D.tendency B 解析 根据上文内容和空前的He played the flute in his teenage years.可知，他从小喜欢音乐，十几岁时开始练习吹长笛，此处表示他对这种乐器的热情被重新燃起。the instrument指上文中出现的the flute。故选B项。 8.( ) A.functioned B.survived C.sharpened D.declined D 解析 根据空前的Due to a long lack of practice可知，长期缺乏练习导致他的木工技术水平下降了。decline意为“下降；衰退”，故选D项。function意为“起作用”；survive意为“存活”；sharpen意为“提高”。 9.( ) A.with ease B.on purpose C.by chance D.in advance C 解析 根据语境并结合选项可知，此处表示雷文偶然发现了他以前的学校成绩单。by chance意为“偶然”， 故选C项。with ease意为“轻松地”；on purpose意为“故意地”；in advance意为“提前”。 刷完形填空 10.( ) A.stir up B.give up C.figure out D.hold back A 解析 根据上文中的his best subjects were music and woodwork可知，他的成绩单让他对音乐和木工的热爱重新燃起。stir up意为“激起”，故选A项。give up意为“放弃”；figure out意为“弄清楚；计算”；hold back意为“控制（情感）”。 11.( ) A.Curiously B.Fortunately C.Finally D.Currently D 解析 根据后文的Raven spends at least four days a week in the workshop可知，雷文开始制作长笛，现在他每周至少花四天时间参加研习班。故选D项。 12.( ) A.observing B.painting C.crafting D.delivering C 解析 根据下文中提到的wood turning, silverwork, leatherwork, and French polishing可知，雷文是手工制作长笛。craft意为“（尤指用手工）精心制作”，故选C项。observe意为“观察；注意到；庆祝”；deliver意为“运送；递送”。 刷完形填空 17 13.( ) A.required B.bettered C.abandoned D.forgotten B 解析 根据上文叙述可知，雷文的木工技艺原本生疏了，他报了研习班，认真制作每一支长笛，所以此处表示他在木工车床加工、银器、皮革制品和法式抛光方面的技能都有所提高。better意为“改善；改进；胜过；超过”，故选B项。 刷完形填空 18 【知识拓展】better熟词生义 熟义：adj.（good的比较级）更好的；较好的 adv.（well的比较级）更好地；更加地 生义：n. 更好的人或事物 vt. 改善；改进；胜过，超过；优于 刷完形填空 14.( ) A.luggage B.species C.furniture D.equipment D 解析 根据前文的settle a lathe, bandsaws, a milling machine可知，他为了制作长笛安置了车床、带锯、铣床和其他设备。故选D项。 15.( ) A.content B.bored C.honest D.familiar A 解析 根据前文的Raven loves the feel of the wood and the smell of it when he is working.可知，他对自己的工作很满意。故选A项。 刷完形填空 20 [湖南名校联考联合体2024联考] Food loss and waste （FLW） has become a worldwide concern and is 1. . （wide） identified as a key barrier to food security, human health, and environmental sustainability. However, monitoring and analysing FLW reduction 2. . （restrict） by lack of reliable and consistent FLW data very often. A research team led by Prof. Cheng Shengkui from the Chinese Academy of Sciences carried out a survey 3. . addressed the knowledge and data gap of the scale and patterns of FLW from farm to fork in China. 4. . （base） on a large-scale field survey along the food chain, households, and restaurants, as well as literature data, the researchers systematically 5. . （map） the production and consumption with FLW of major food products 6. . quantified relevant resources and environmental footprints associated with FLW along the food supply chain. widely is restricted that/which Based mapped and 刷语法填空 21 They found that the 7. . （large） amount of FLW was found at the postharvest handling and storage stage（45%）, and the consumption stage also contributed to the total FLW with 8. . share of 17%. The land, water, carbon and nitrogen footprints associated with total FLW were found 9. . （be） similar to those of a medium-sized country. This work provides a first estimate of the patterns and scale of FLW along China’s food supply chain. It highlights the 10. . （important） of better primary data to inform FLW reduction actions and ensure food security and sustainability. largest a to be importance 刷语法填空 22 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。中国科学院的研究人员进行了一项新研究，首次估算了中国食品供应链中粮食损失和浪费的模式和规模，该研究有助于提高粮食安全和可持续性。 1._______ widely 解析 句意为：粮食损失和浪费已成为全世界关注的问题，被普遍认为是粮食安全、人类健康和环境可持续性的主要障碍。设空处作状语，修饰动词identified，应用副词。故填widely。 2.___________ is restricted 解析 句意为：然而，由于缺乏可靠一致的粮食损失和浪费数据，监测和分析粮食损失和浪费的减少常常受到限制。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据状语very often可知，此处应用一般现在时；主语monitoring and analysing FLW reduction看作一个整体，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填is restricted。 刷语法填空 23 3.__________ that/which 解析 句意为：由中国科学院成升魁教授领导的研究小组开展了一项调查，填补了关于中国从田间到餐桌粮食损失和浪费的规模和模式的知识和数据空白。设空处引导限制性定语从句，且关系词在从句中作主语，先行词为survey，故用that或which引导该从句。 4._______ Based 解析 句意为：根据对食物链、家庭和餐馆的大规模实地调查以及文献数据，研究人员系统地绘制了主要食品的粮食损失和浪费的生产和消费情况图，并量化了食品供应链中与粮食损失和浪费相关的资源和环境足迹。be based on为固定搭配，表示“基于”，此处在句中作状语，应用非谓语形式。故填Based。 5.________ mapped 解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，map在此处用作及物动词，表示“绘制……的地图”，结合语境可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，注意map的过去式要双写字母p。故填mapped。 刷语法填空 24 6._____ and 解析 句意见第4题解析。设空处连接两个并列的谓语mapped和quantified，应用并列连词。故填and。 7._______ largest 解析 句意为：他们发现，采后处理和储存阶段的粮食损失和浪费量最大（45%），消费阶段也占粮食损失和浪费总量的17%。设空处修饰名词amount，结合空前的the和句意可知，此处表示最大量，应用形容词的最高级。故填largest。 8.___ a 解析 句意见上一题解析。此处share作名词，表示“一份”，a share of… 为固定搭配，表示“……的份额”。故填a。 刷语法填空 25 10.___________ importance 解析 句意为：它强调了更优质的原始数据的重要性，以便指导减少粮食损失和浪费的行为，并确保粮食安全和可持续性。设空处作动词highlight的宾语，应用名词。故填importance。 9.______ to be 解析 句意为：研究发现，与粮食损失和浪费总量相关的土地、水、碳和氮足迹与一个中等国家相似。be found to do sth为固定表达，意为“被发现/查明做某事”，此处不定式作主语补足语。故填to be。 刷语法填空 26 【方法总结】注意语法填空中的词性活用 语法填空中的词性活用通常有两种情况：一种是带有提示词的设空，所给提示词有多个词性或是词性活用的情况，例如名词动用或动词作名词等，如本篇的第5题；另一种是无提示词的设空，需要判断空后单词的词性，如本篇的第8题。在遇到这种题时，如果只着眼于这一个空，很容易因为对词性的固有印象而作出错误判断，例如第5题中，学生会误将map判定为名词，却忽视了句中缺少谓语成分这一条件。解答此类题目时，首先要结合整句话以及上下文来理解句意，划分句子结构，判断设空处在句中所作的成分，由此判断提示词应该使用什么词性，然后再对其进行变形，填写相应的形式。平时在练习的过程中，同学们也可以多积累这种词性活用的词。 刷语法填空 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Derek and Shirley walked out of the airport building and into the bright sunshine. Looking up at the brilliant blue sky and then at the faraway mountains rising above the swaying（摇摆） palm trees, they couldn’t wait to start their holiday. A taxi pulled up swiftly and silently. Derek dropped their suitcases into the boot and joined Shirley in the back seat. “Palm Trees Hotel, please,” Derek said excitedly. “Certainly, sir,” replied the driver, as he turned around with a flashing white smile. Derek and Shirley gave each other a puzzled look as the taxi eased smoothly into the traffic. “Excuse me, er, your face seems very familiar—in fact, you remind us of that famous film star, Rocky Overton… but of course, you can’t be.” 刷读后续写 28 Derek and Shirley sat in silent disbelief as the driver explained that he was not a real person, but a robot made to look like a famous actor. “Rocky” explained that the taxi company had purchased the latest model of robot drivers since they were programmed to be safer and more reliable than human drivers. “So, here I am,” “Rocky” continued, “your first robot taxi driver!” Derek and Shirley held each other’s hands more tightly.“Relax,” “Rocky” reassured them. “There is nothing for you to worry about. I can assure you that my driving skills are excellent. I’m equipped with perfect vision and superior reactions, and I know every street in the city. I am instantly updated with the latest traffic information so that I can avoid traffic jams and get you to your destination in the quickest and least stressful manner. Please sit back, relax and enjoy the journey.” 刷读后续写 29 Derek and Shirley, feeling a little better, leaned back in their seats and closed their eyes. “And another thing,” “Rocky” added, “my line of robots represents the ultimate in computer technology. I am beautifully designed, made from only the best materials and subject to the strictest quality checks. Therefore, you are entirely safe with me. Nothing could possibly go wrong… could possibly go wrong… go wrong… go wrong…” 刷读后续写 30 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 Derek and Shirley looked at each other with great fear in their eyes. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Don’t worry, sir,” came the calm reply on the phone, “and your taxi is also a driverless car.”____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 刷读后续写 31 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 本文主要讲述了德里克和雪莉在度假期间的一次惊险经历。两人打了一辆出租车前往度假目的地，这辆车是由机器人司机驾驶的，德里克和雪莉感到紧张，机器人司机保证自己具有高超的驾驶技术和快速反应能力，于是两人放下心来。就在这时，机器人司机出现了故障。 故事背景 德里克和雪莉在旅行时乘坐由机器人驾驶的出租车；机器人出现了故障。 主要角色 德里克、雪莉、机器人司机“洛奇”、出租车公司的服务人员 写作顺序 时间顺序 主要矛盾 机器人司机突然出现问题，德里克和雪莉如何使车辆恢复正常，保证自己的安全。 刷读后续写 32 2.续写分析 续写第一段（提示句：德里克和雪莉面面相觑，眼中满是惧怕。） 由第一段提示句可知，本段可描写机器人司机出故障之后，车辆发生的问题和两人的应对措施，可以围绕两人面对失控的车辆产生的心理活动等进行描写；结合第二段提示句可知，第一段应提及在紧要关头，他们想到了给出租车公司拨打电话，与第二段开头出租车公司的服务人员接了电话相衔接。 续写第二段（提示句：“别担心，先生，”电话里传来平静的回答，“您的出租车也是一辆无人驾驶汽车。”） 由第二段提示句可知，第二段应描写出租车公司的服务人员对德里克和雪莉的安抚以及对事故的解决办法。段首句给出的提示是汽车可以使用无人驾驶模式，故本段的解决办法应该围绕无人驾驶来展开。最后德里克和雪莉平安下车。 情感变化 德里克和雪莉面对事故发生时的害怕——给出租车公司打电话时的激动——确认平安后的庆幸 刷读后续写 33 3.提分词句 ①动作描写：shout、tremble （颤抖）、grab、disable、switch… to… （将……调整至……）、malfunction/give out/break down/fail/be out of control（出故障/失灵）等。 ②心理描写 害怕/紧张/恐惧等：frightened、scared、terrified、be afraid of、scream/tremble/cry in terror（害怕地尖叫/颤抖/哭）等。 安心/感激/庆幸等：relieved/reassured（松了口气/安心的）、be grateful to do sth、happily、fortunately等。 刷读后续写 34 【参考范文】 Derek and Shirley looked at each other with great fear in their eyes.The taxi was moving faster and faster, and “Rocky” seemed to be malfunctioning. “Slow down!” Derek shouted, but “Rocky” did not respond. The robot drove even faster than before and narrowly missed a car. Terrified, Derek grabbed his phone. With trembling fingers, he called the taxi company. “Hello?” Derek shouted into the phone, “Our robot driver is having a breakdown and he’s completely out of control. We need help quickly!” “Don’t worry, sir,” came the calm reply on the phone, “and your taxi is also a driverless car.” The reply continued, “We have the authority to disable the robot driver. Let me switch your taxi to the driverless mode and get you to your destination safely.” The taxi immediately slowed down and continued as if nothing had happened, although its driver could be heard mumbling to himself, “… go wrong… go wrong…” When they finally arrived at their hotel, Derek and Shirley quickly got out of the taxi, relieved and grateful to be alive. As they watched the taxi move away, they agreed that for the rest of the holiday, they would walk everywhere! 刷读后续写 35 $$