2024年一轮复习中职英语动词的时态-现在完成时课件

现在完成时 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just, already, before, yet, never, ever等词连用。 I have seen the film before. 之前我看过这部电影。 Have you ever heard of that? 你听说过那件事吗？ 基本用法 已经，还 刚好 仍，还 曾经 2.表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在，也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括现在在内)的一段时间的状语连用， 如for, since, so far, this week(month, year ...)等。 Since I graduated from college, I have been a teacher in a high school. 自从我大学毕业，我就成了一名高中教师。 My brother has worked in the factory for over 10 years. 我的哥哥在那个工厂工作了10 多年。 自从 目前为止 肯定句: 主语＋have/has＋done＋其他 否定句: 主语＋haven't/hasn't＋done＋其他 一般疑问句：Have/Has＋主语＋done＋其他 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句 句式结构 2.表示短暂时间动作的词(瞬间动词)，如come, go, die, borrow, buy, leave, arrive, join, begin等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的短语连用。我们可以采用两种方法进行更改：一种是将时间状语去掉，另一种是将瞬间动词变为延续动词。 His grandmother has died since 1990.(×) His grandmother has died.(√)他的祖母过世了。 His grandmother has been dead since 1990.(√)他的祖母1990年过世了。 1.for＋时间段；since＋时间点。 for two years/ten months/five minutes since 1990/he came here/nine o'clock 注意: 注：常见瞬间动词及其相对应的延续动词见下表。 瞬间动词 延续动词 come be here/be in go be there leave be away from arrive be here/be in die be dead buy have/keep borrow/lend have/keep join be in/be a member of begin/start be on stop be over 3.对for和since提问用how long。 I have read the book for two hours. (对画线部分提问) How long have you read the book? 4.already在否定句和疑问句中要变为yet。 already,yet,ever,never,just的用法 Already 肯定句，强调已经的意思,放句中或句末 I have already finished my homework. = I have finished my homework already. yet 否定句、问句，表示还没，放句末 He hasn’t finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet? ever 表示曾经的意思 Has John ever been to Zhuhai? never 含否定意思的肯定句，表示从没的意思 He has never been to China. just 肯定句，表示刚刚的意思 I have just come back from China. 练习: 用already, yet, ever, never, just填空 1.Have you seen the film ______? 2.Have you done your homework ______ ? Not ______, I will do it after supper. 3.Have you ______ been to England? ---no, ______ . 4.I have ______ finished reading the book. 5.I have ______ paid for the car. 5.have gone to与 ha