必修第二册 Unit 4 Stage and screen（word练习）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P507] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·绍兴诊断性考试)Brazilian artist Néle Azevedo is best known for big public art pieces.The artist carves hundreds of 20­centimeter­tall ice figures seated with their ankles crossed and places them atop outdoor steps and puts them in city squares all over the world，where they quickly melt.The faceless sculptures drip and stream into small puddles as time passes.Her works have been adopted by environmentalists as a kind of activists' art against climate change. But is it? Yes and (mostly) no. The mass of melting bodies makes a natural connection with the threat humankind faces due to rising global temperatures.“Its close link with that subject is evident，”said the artist.In addition to the threat of global warming itself，the sheer number of sculptures sitting together also calls attention to the fact that we humans are all in it together.“Such kind of threat also finally puts man in his place，his fate is along with the destiny of the planet，and he is not the ‘king’ of nature，but an essential element of it，”continues Azevedo on her website. “I took every characteristic of traditional monuments and made the opposite，”she says.“I made small figures that sit on the floor.It doesn't honor anybody.It does honor the unknown.” Azevedo explains，“In a minute action，the rules of the monument are inverted：in the place of the hero，the unknown；in the place of the solidity of the stone，the momentary process of the ice；in the place of the monument size，the minimum size of the perishable(易腐烂的) bodies.”Originally Azevedo wanted her art to get people thinking about impermanence，and the sight of ice transforming into a puddle of water certainly does that brilliantly. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了巴西艺术家Néle Azevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被环保主义者视作一种对抗气候变化的艺术。 1．What can we learn about Néle Azevedo's artworks? A．They are put in public places for artists to appreciate. B．They are adopted as a way of showing artistic talents. C．They are linked with the threat of climate change. D．They are considered as a symbol of unity. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her works have...climate change”可知，她的作品被环保主义者视为一种对抗气候变化的激进艺术。据此可知，她的作品与气候变化的威胁有关。故选C。 2．Which of the following can best replace the word “inverted” in paragraph 5? A．Kept track of. B．Turned upside down. C．Laid emphasis on. D．Taken into account. 解析　B　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“I took every...made the opposite”可知，该艺术家利用了传统纪念碑的每一个特点，并做了相反的东西。根据第五段中的“in the place of the hero...size of the perishable(易腐烂的)bodies”可知，在有英雄的地方放无名之人；在石头坚固的地方展示冰的短暂过程；在放置纪念碑的地方放最小尺寸的易腐物体。据此可知，纪念碑规则被颠倒了，画线词inverted和turned upside down意思相近。故选B。 3．What can be inferred about the square show from the last paragraph? A．It is permanent by nature. B．It lacks practical influence. C．It takes long to see the results. D．It conveys the artist's exact intention. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Originally Azevedo...does that brilliantly”可知，最初，Azevedo希望她的艺术作品能让人们思考无常，而冰变成水坑的景象无疑成功地做到了这一点。据此可以推知，该艺术家在广场上展示的作品传达了她的确切意图。故选D。 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Public Interest in Contemporary Art B．Ice Figures Transforming into Water C．Responsibility Demanded from Activist Artists D．Mini Sculptures Echoing the Climate Crisis 解析　B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了巴西艺术家Néle Azevedo的冰雕作品，她希望通过自己的作品让人们思考无常，冰变成水坑的景象无疑成功地做到了这一点，因此B项“冰人变成水”点明主旨，最适合作本文标题。故选B。 B (2023·苏锡常镇教学情况调查)More than a decade ago，the UK's Royal Society offered ￡1 million to the first person in the world to create a chemical­free product. No one has yet claimed the money because it is impossible. Water is a chemical. So is your tea. Yet there is still so much confusion about everyday products，from cleaning sprays to cosmetics(化妆品).While some are labeled as chemical free，others declare they are non­poisonous，natural and eco­friendly. To work out whether products contain harmful chemicals，which are harmful or dangerous to us or the planet，we need to look at the bigger picture of how something is produced and where it ends up after we have used it. Our homes are just a snapshot(照片)of a complex global supply chain. Your handbag may not be dangerous，but direct exposure to the chromium salts used in commercial leather factories can cause uncomfortable conditions in people involved in its production. And the chlorine bleach(漂白水)that gets washed down the toilet？That is poisonous to animals relying on water. Labels are so full of jargon(行业术语)；however，identifying what is good and what isn't can feel impossible. A starting point is to not be tricked by marketing words. Even the term “sustainable” has no official definition，so for green credentials(环保资质)looking for proof of claims in the form of certificates，such as Cradle to Cradle，which ensures the chemicals used are safe for people and the environment，and that they get reused in the production process. Also be skeptical about labels focusing on what a product doesn't contain，such as “paraben­free” or “no harmful substances”．Real transparency(透明度)is about making clear the things that are used to make products，not taking our attention away from them. Therefore，until long­term effects on people and the planet are investigated，we should choose brands that are fully transparent and call for clearer labeling from the rest. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。没有人能保证所使用的商品不含有化学物质，虽然我们日常使用的清洁剂到化妆品都标注其不含化学物质，我们也要对此持怀疑态度。本文主要说明了作者对于产品标签的看法及如何鉴别产品。 5．Why does the author mention the UK's Royal Society? A．To explain a concept. B．To lead to a topic. C．To provide a solution. D．To make a prediction. 解析　B　写作意图题。文章第一段讲到十多年前，英国皇家学会承诺给世界上第一个发明无化学物质产品的人奖励100万英镑，但目前还没有人收到这笔奖赏，因为这不可能。接着提出本文主题：产品的标签往往反映着其是否含有化学物质。据此可知，文章提到英国皇家学会是为了引出文章主题。故选B。 6．What message does the author convey by mentioning “handbag” in paragraph 2? A．The production process may be harmful to producers. B．Daily items at home are dangerous to the planet. C．Commercial leather factories reflect a complex global supply chain. D．Health conditions of consumers are supposed to be attached importance to. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Your handbag may...in its production”可知，你的手提包可能不危险，但直接接触商业皮革工厂使用的铬盐会使参与生产的人感到不适。据此可以推知，作者提到“手提包”是想要说明生产过程可能对生产者有害。故选A。 7．How can people make right judgments on labels? A．By relying on marketing words. B．By identifying product brands. C．By focusing on product packaging. D．By checking on authorized certifications. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Even the term...the production process”可知，环保资质需要以证书的形式提供证明，比如“Cradle to Cradle”，以确保所使用的化学品对人和环境都是安全的，并在生产过程中得到重复利用。据此可知，人们通过检查授权证书对标签做出正确的判断。故选D。 8．What's the author's attitude towards the labels of products? A．Favorable. B．Intolerant. C．Cautious. D．Unclear. 解析　C　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者认为，要对标签上强调的不含化学物质的产品持怀疑态度，比如“不含防腐剂”或“不含有害物质”，据此可推知，作者对产品标签持谨慎态度。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·青岛调研)Surprise is the error signal our brains produce when something unexpected happens. It is a dopamine(多巴胺)trigger，producing the neurotransmitter (神经递质) that drives attention and motivation. __1__ It makes us stop，notice，and learn. In his book The Power of Surprise，Rousell presents his finding from decades of his research: __2__ They form our self­concept. __3__ Samantha felt her shyness was a weakness，until her swim coach surprised her by naming her captain. He said，“She may be quiet，but when this girl says something，you're going to want to listen.” The surprise left her feeling quietly powerful. The change in her beliefs and behaviors was instant and lasting. Not all surprising moments are created equal. Rousell illustrates some research­backed steps to use surprise well. Spot self­criticism you'd like to help someone revise. For example，perhaps your student sees himself as a slow learner，or your employee believes he lacks creativity. __4__ Maybe the student who thinks he learns slowly is also very thorough. The employee who thinks he lacks creativity is highly logical. Make your message quick and to the point. The more you delay on the topic or dress it up as flowery praise，the less surprising it will be. __5__ A．Point out his weakness. B．It was essential adaptation for humans. C．Identify the opposite side of the same coin. D．Also，it will make less difference to one's mind. E．Here is an example the author shares in his book. F．To put it simply，surprise is a big deal to our brains. G．Surprise brings the experiences shaping who we believe we are. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是什么是惊讶和惊讶的力量。 1．解析　F　根据空前内容可知，空前讲述了惊讶的基本信息。空后讲了惊讶对我们的作用。由此可知，空处应承上启下，介绍惊讶与我们有关的基本信息，F项符合语境。故选F。 2．解析　G　根据空前的“In his book...of his research”可知，在他的书中，Rousell介绍了他几十年来的研究发现。由此可知，空处应说明研究发现具体是什么，G选项“惊讶带来的体验塑造了我们所认为的自己”承接上文，且空后的they指代G项中的experiences，G项符合语境。故选G。 3．解析　E　本空为该段主旨句。根据空后内容可知，Samantha觉得害羞是她的弱点，直到她的游泳教练任命她为队长，这让她大吃一惊。教练的话让她觉得自己很强大。她的信念和行为发生了立刻而持久的变化。由此可知，这是列举的一个具体例子，E项“下面是作者在他的书中分享的一个例子”符合语境。故选E。 4．解析　C　根据空前内容可知，学生也许认为自己学习很慢，员工也许认为自己缺乏创造力。根据空后内容可知，认为自己学得慢的学生也是很仔细周到的；认为自己缺乏创造力的员工是很有逻辑的。由此可知，我们要看到一件事情的另一面，C项承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 5．解析　D　根据空前的“The more you...less surprising it will be”可知，你在这个话题上越拖延，或者把它装扮成华丽的赞美，它就越不令人惊讶。D项“而且，它对一个人的思想影响较小”符合语境。故选D。 Ⅲ. 语法填空 (2023·南京、盐城二模)Seeing these “gardens” is like looking at a universe in a plant pot. The miniature (微型的) branches spread and twist，1.________ (demonstrate) the beauty of nature, so as to allow viewers to stop and reflect on the circle of life. The potted landscape of penjing 2.________(be) a representative of top­ranking garden art ever since its existence. 3．________(expected)，the Suzhou­style penjing cultivation technique was listed as a national­level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) in 2011. 4.________ penjing，Suzhou gardens wouldn't be as charming as they are today. Once the construction of a garden is completed its buildings are set, but planting can grow and change，which makes gardens 5.________ (live). The history of penjing 6.________(date) back to the Tang Dynasty when the great poet Bai Juyi used some stones 7.________(create) a miniature landscape in pots. And the Ming Dynasty marked a boom in the economy of Suzhou, the very period 8.________ turned the city into a major cultural center. Because of that long history，Suzhou­style penjing is often seen as 9.________ fundamental school of Chinese planting art. Penjing works are beautiful but people think that they are owned by the rich. However，only when they are enjoyed by general 10._________(consume) can they benefit from being part of people's wider modern artistic taste. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了盆景的相关信息。其历史可以追溯到唐朝，苏派盆景更被视为中国种植艺术的基本流派。 1．解析　demonstrating　非谓语动词。句意：微型的树枝舒展扭曲，展现自然之美，让观看者停下来反思生命循环。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词，与句子主语The miniature(微型的)branches构成逻辑上的主谓关系，现在分词 demonstrating 作状语。故填demonstrating。 2．解析　has been　动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“ever since its existence”可知，此处应使用现在完成时；主语为The potted landscape of penjing，表示第三人称单数概念。故填has been。 3．解析　Expectedly　副词。分析句子结构可知，空格位于句首，修饰后文整个句子，应用副词，注意句首单词首字母要大写。故填Expectedly。 4．解析　Without　介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“如果没有盆景，苏州园林就不会像今天这样迷人”，注意首字母大写。故填Without。 5．解析　lively/alive　形容词。此处考查固定句式“make＋sb/sth＋ adj.”。根据句意可知，此处表示“有活力的”，故填形容词lively/alive。 6．解析　dates　动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：盆景的历史可以追溯到唐朝，当时伟大的诗人白居易用一些石头在罐子里创造微型景观。此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语为The history of penjing，表示第三人称单数概念，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填dates。 7．解析　to create　非谓语动词。use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，是固定短语。故填to create。 8．解析　that　定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词period，从句缺少主语，又由于先行词前有the very修饰，故只能用that引导。故填that。 9．解析　a　冠词。句意：由于历史悠久，苏派盆景通常被视为中国种植艺术的一个基本流派。school为可数名词，此处表泛指，且fundamental的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 10．解析　consumers　名词。根据句意可知，此处表示“消费者”，且表复数概念，故填consumers。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$