必修第三册 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES（word练习）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（人教版）

[对应学生用书P535] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Brynn Schulte nearly died two times when she was a baby. At one point she needed emergency surgery for bleeding in her brain. No one knew what was wrong. Then，a test that looked at her full genetic details found a rare bleeding disorder. Catching the disorder early saved her life. “You have this hopeless feeling when you don't really know what's going on，” said her father，Mike Schulte. He noted that the test made a difference in finding the cause and “getting her the right care that she needed almost immediately”． Brynn，now 4，got the genetic testing as part of a clinical trial，the results of which were published recently in The Journal of the American Medical Association. Testing all of the details of a person's genes is called “whole genome” testing. Whole genome tests are much better than narrowly targeted tests when it comes to finding genetic differences，called abnormalities，which can cause disease. The study found 49 percent of these abnormalities，compared to 27 percent with more commonly used tests targeting only some genetic diseases. Whole genome tests could solve the problem of doing several narrowly targeted tests on babies，which still might not find the disorder. Experts warn there are some problems because labs vary in how they understand results. Also，whole genome tests are more expensive and less likely to be covered by insurance. But researchers hope that whole genome tests will at some point be used for millions of hospitalized babies with rare and difficult conditions. The US National Human Genome Research Institute has found that around 350 million people around the world live with rare disorders. And it found that about 80 percent of the more than 7，000 conditions are genetic. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章介绍了一个名为Brynn Schulte的孩子，在她出生不久的时候两次濒临死亡。通过对她的完整基因细节进行测试，发现了一种罕见的出血性疾病。这次测试挽救了她的生命。研究人员希望将整个基因组测试用于患有罕见疾病的数百万住院婴儿。 1．How did Mike Schulte feel about the test? A．Proud. B．Grateful. C．Unclear. D．Hopeless. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第一段“He noted that the test made a difference in finding the cause and ‘getting her the right care that she needed almost immediately’．”可推知，该研究为Mike Schulte的疾病找出了病因，挽救了Mike Schulte的生命，因此对该试验充满了感激之情。 2．In finding genetic diseases，________． A．narrowly targeted tests are easier B．commonly used tests take longer C．whole genome tests focus on babies D．whole genome tests are more accurate 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第二段“Whole genome tests are much better than narrowly targeted tests when it comes to finding genetic differences，called abnormalities，which can cause disease.”以及“The study found 49 percent of these abnormalities，compared to 27 percent with more commonly used tests targeting only some genetic diseases.”可知，相比于其他的遗传疾病基因检测，全基因组测试更加准确和有效。 3．What disadvantage do whole genome tests have? A．They cost a lot. B．The process is complex. C．The disorder might not be found. D．Their results are hard to understand. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第三段“Also，whole genome tests are more expensive and less likely to be covered by insurance.”可知，全基因组测试更昂贵，而且不太可能被保险覆盖。 4．Where is the text most likely found? A．In a blog. B．In a medical record. C．In a newspaper. D．In a letter. 解析　C　推理判断题。本文通过Brynn Schulte的案例引出全基因组检测临床试验的效果，介绍的是一个研究发现。由此可推知，本文最有可能在报纸上被找到。 B Australian scientists have started vaccinating (接种疫苗) wild koalas against the disease Chlamydia (衣原体病) in an ambitious trial in New South Wales (NSW). They want to test a way to protect the animals against the widespread condition that causes blindness，the inability to have babies，and death. “It's killing koalas because they become so sick that they can't climb trees to get food，and females are unable to have babies，” said Dr. Samuel Phillips，a microbiologist at the University of the Sunshine Coast. Around half of the wild koala population in the Northern Rivers region of NSW—about 50 animals—will be caught and vaccinated. “We want to evaluate what percentage of the koalas we need to vaccinate to meaningfully reduce infection and disease，”said Dr. Phillips. The first koalas were caught and vaccinated in March and the effort is expected to last about three months. Researchers use telescopes to spot koalas in the trees，then build fences around the tree bases with doors leading into cages. After a few hours or days，the koalas climb down from one tree to seek tasty leaves on another and wander into the harmless traps. After a check­up to make sure the animals are in good condition，researchers give them anaesthesia (麻醉) to make them sleep before they administer the vaccine. They watch the koalas' health for 24 hours after they wake up to make sure there are no side effects. The goal is to vaccinate healthy koalas to prevent them from becoming infected with chlamydia. The researchers mark the koalas' backs with pink dye so the same animals aren't caught twice. It is not known what caused koalas to catch chlamydia，but the scientists believe it was probably from exposure to the infected sheep and cattle. It spreads when koalas mate，or it can be passed from a mother to her babies. [语篇解读]　说明文。澳大利亚新南威尔士州的野生考拉感染了衣原体病毒，当地科研人员开始给考拉接种疫苗，以减少病毒传播。 5．Why was the ambitious trial started? A．To establish a wildlife reserve. B．To attract the tourists of all ages. C．To test a newly developed vaccine. D．To reduce infection among koalas. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段“They want to test a way to protect the animals against the widespread condition that causes blindness，the inability to have babies，and death.”及第三段“‘We want to evaluate what percentage of the koalas we need to vaccinate to meaningfully reduce infection and disease，’ said Dr. Phillips.”可知，科学家们开展这项疫苗接种工作是为了减少衣原体病毒在考拉群体中的传播。 6．What is Dr. Phillips' attitude towards the current condition of koalas? A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Concerned. D．Cautious. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第二段“‘It's killing koalas because they become so sick that they can't climb trees to get food，and females are unable to have babies，’ said Dr. Samuel Phillips，”可推断，Dr. Phillips对眼下考拉面临的情况甚为担忧。 7．Which can best describe the process of giving koalas an vaccine? A．Dangerous. B．Demanding. C．Simple. D．Useless. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“They watch the koalas' health for 24 hours after they wake up to make sure there are no side effects.”可推断，给考拉接种疫苗是一件劳神费力的事情。 8．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Why koalas suffer from the disease. B．How researchers recognize koalas. C．What a koala family largely feeds on. D．When a female koala can have a baby. 解析　A　主旨大意题。通读最后一段“It is not known what caused koalas to catch chlamydia，but the scientists believe it was probably from exposure to the infected sheep and cattle.”可知，本段主要介绍考拉感染衣原体病毒的原因。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·济南一模)It was a regular day for high school teacher Cesar Punzalan. When he walked into the classroom，his students __1__him as usual. As he stood behind his desk，ready to start the class，a student __2__a brown box on his table. Slowly，Punzalan removed the cover and was __3__. There was a pair of brand­new __4__inside the box. As expected，Punzalan couldn't control his __5__and teared up. Several months ago，the students learned that Mr. Punzalan had to walk for one hour daily to school. __6__，that wasn't all. He had a sick child at home. His thoughtful students __7__he had been coming to school in worn­out shoes for a long time. They __8__that maybe he didn't wish to buy new shoes because his salary was going toward his kid's __9__. Or perhaps he wanted to see how long his __10__shoes would last. Whatever the real reasons，his students __11__to help in any way possible. __12__，they purchased a lovely gift for Mr. Punzalan，sharing the kindness with him. While he struggled to talk，a sense of __13__was written all over his face. He considered himself __14__to be blessed with so many sweet students! Teachers play an important role in our life. They __15__the same love and care as we show to our parents. [语篇解读]　记叙文。文章讲述了因为家中有生病孩子要治疗，教师蓬扎兰不舍得花钱给自己买鞋，他的学生们通过帮他买了一双新鞋来表达对他的热爱和尊敬的故事。 1．A.congratulated B．greeted C．respected D．inspired 解析　B　句意：当他走进教室时，他的学生像往常一样欢迎他。根据后文“As he stood behind his desk，ready to start the class”可知，当他站在讲桌后准备讲课时，根据常识推断出学生们在上课前会欢迎老师。 2．A.painted B．found C．slipped D．threw 解析　C　句意：当他站在桌子后面准备开始上课时，一个学生把一个棕色的盒子迅速放在桌子上。根据后文“Punzalan removed the cover”可知，蓬扎兰打开了盒盖，说明学生把盒子迅速放在他的桌子上，slip意为“迅速放置”，符合句意。 3．A.annoyed B．frightened C．relieved D．surprised 解析　D　句意：慢慢地，蓬扎兰取下盖子，他感到很惊讶。根据后文“As expected，Punzalan couldn't control his __5__ and teared up.”可知，蓬扎兰控制不住情绪，流泪了，说明他对于这个礼物很惊讶。 4．A.shoes B．glasses C．gloves D．socks 解析　A　根据后文“maybe he didn't wish to buy new shoes”可知，学生认为蓬扎兰不愿意买新鞋，推断出学生送给他一双新鞋。 5．A.likes B．emotions C．worries D．thoughts 解析　B　句意：不出所料，蓬扎兰无法控制自己的情绪，泪流满面。根据后文“teared up”可知，蓬扎兰泪流满面说明他无法控制自己的情绪。 6．A.Actually B．Originally C．Normally D．Briefly 解析　A　根据后文“He had a sick child at home.”可知，蓬扎兰不仅要走路一个小时去上班，家里还有一个生病的孩子，说明事实上他走路上班不仅是他遇到的全部的困难。 7．A.agreed B．denied C．forgot D．learnt 解析　D　句意：他体贴的学生们知道他穿着破旧的鞋子来学校已经很长时间了。根据后文“he had been coming to school in worn­out shoes for a long time”可知，他穿破旧的鞋子上班已经很久了是学生们得知的情况。 8．A.figured B．complained C．admitted D．recalled 解析　A　句意：他们认为，也许他不想买新鞋，因为他的工资是用来给孩子做治疗的。根据后文“maybe he didn't wish to buy new shoes because his salary was going toward his kid's __9__”可知，学生认为蓬扎兰不愿意买新鞋。 9．A.interest B．education C．treatment D．insurance 解析　C　根据前文“He had a sick child at home.”可知，他有一个生病的孩子，推断出他不买新鞋的原因可能是要用钱给孩子治疗疾病。 10．A.fancy B．strange C．cheap D．old 解析　D　根据前文“worn­out shoes”可知，他穿的鞋子是破旧的。 11．A.happened B．determined C．continued D．hesitated 解析　B　句意：无论真正的原因是什么，他的学生们都决定以任何可能的方式提供帮助。根据前文“Mr. Punzalan had to walk for one hour daily to school”及“He had a sick child at home.”可知，蓬扎兰不仅要走一个小时的路程上班还有一个生病的孩子在家里，说明学生们决定以任何可能的方式帮助蓬扎兰。 12．A.Yet B．Thus C．Otherwise D．Instead 解析　B　前文“his students __11__ to help in any way possible.”及后文“they purchased a lovely gift for Mr. Punzalan，sharing the kindness with him.”可知，因为学生们想要以任何可能的形式来帮助蓬扎兰，所以他们购买了礼物，前后文构成因果关系，thus意为“因此”，符合句意。 13．A.loss B．guilt C．responsibility D．happiness 解析　D　根据后文“He considered himself __14__ to be blessed with so many sweet students！”可知，他认为自己很幸运，能被这么多可爱的学生祝福，说明他感到幸福。 14．A.different B．fortunate C．impressive D．successful 解析　B　句意：他认为自己是幸运的，能被这么多可爱的学生祝福！根据后文“to be blessed with so many sweet students”可知，他被这么多可爱的学生祝福，说明他觉得自己很幸运。 15．A.deserve B．spread C．require D．admire 解析　A　句意：他们值得我们对父母同样的爱和关怀。根据前文“Teachers play an important role in our life.”可知，老师在我们的生命中很重要，说明他们值得我们对父母同样的爱和关怀。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·青岛适应性检测)Colors are important to Chinese culture. The three main colors 1.______ (consider) lucky in people's daily lives as well as on special occasions are red，yellow，and green. Famously popular in relation to anything Chinese，red is the national color representing happiness，good luck，success and good fortune，which is 2.________ (wide) used during festivals and important events like weddings. Red lanterns decorate 3.________ (business) and residences. Double rows of red “Xi” letters are pasted on gates and doors. Yellow—corresponding to earth—symbolized royalty in ancient China 4.________ was reserved for the emperor. The first Emperor of China was known as the Yellow Emperor. China was often referred to as “Yellow Earth”，and 5.________ (it) mother river is the Yellow River. Looking down at the Forbidden City from Beijing Jing Mountain，one can see a sea 6.________ yellow­glazed tile roofs. Green is the color of wealth，hope and growth，commonly believed to represent purity and cleanness. Many buildings 7.________ (paint) in green nowadays，as is often the case with banks，post offices and some restaurants. 8.________ (package) milk or produce in green is to indicate that the product is pollution­free. The color legacy (遗产) that our ancestor left us can be seen in society today. What's more，some TV dramas over the past few years 9.________ (present) traditional Chinese colors in costumes and architecture，10.________ excites people's interest in more ancient colors. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章介绍了中国文化中被认为是幸运的三种主要颜色：红、黄、绿。 1．解析　considered　句意：在人们的日常生活和特殊场合，被认为是幸运的三种主要颜色是红、黄、绿。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，作colors的后置定语，consider和逻辑主语colors之间是被动关系，故填considered。 2．解析　widely　句意：众所周知，红色与一切中国事物相关，它是代表幸福、好运、成功和好运的民族颜色，在节日和婚礼等重要活动中被广泛使用。分析句子可知，空处修饰从句中的谓语动词used，故填widely。 3．解析　businesses　句意：红灯笼装饰着商店和住宅。分析句子可知，空处和residences并列，作decorate的宾语，此处business表示“商业机构，商店”，是可数名词，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填businesses。 4．解析　and　句意：黄色——与土地相对应——在中国古代象征着王权，是皇帝专用的。分析句子可知，此处需用连词连接两个谓语symbolized...和was reserved...，故填and。 5．解析　its　句意：中国常被称为“黄土地”，它的母亲河是黄河。分析句子可知，空处是修饰mother river的定语，应用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 6．解析　of　句意：从北京景山往下看紫禁城，可以看到一大片黄色琉璃瓦。a sea of...，意为“大量的……”，故填of。 7．解析　are painted　句意：现在许多建筑物都漆成了绿色，就像银行、邮局和一些餐馆一样。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为nowadays，时态用一般现在时，paint和主语Many buildings之间是被动关系，故填are painted。 8．解析　Packaging　句意：用绿色包装牛奶或农产品是为了表明该产品是无污染的。分析句子可知，空处和milk or produce in green构成句子的主语，是v­ing作主语，故填Packaging。 9．解析　have presented/have been presenting　句意：此外，过去几年的一些电视剧在服装和建筑中呈现了中国传统色彩，这激发了人们对更古老色彩的兴趣。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合over the past few years可知，此处可用现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响，也可以用现在完成进行时表示动作会继续进行下去，故填have presented/have been presenting。 10．解析　which　句意：此外，过去几年的一些电视剧在服装和建筑中呈现了中国传统色彩，这激发了人们对更古老色彩的兴趣。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，故填which。 Ⅳ.应用文写作 你校的英语角正在征集“年度最佳人物”稿件，请以“Person of the Year”为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．该人物的简介； 2．该人物对你的影响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Person of the Year ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Person of the Year As to the “Person of the Year”，I would like to nominate my English teacher for this esteemed title. Ms. Zhang is a teacher who boasts a good reputation. With her warm smile and kind nature，she has become a beloved figure among students. Moreover，it is her belief in my abilities that has encouraged me to make progress toward excellence. Motivating me to participate in public speaking，she has helped me build up self­confidence and better skills. There is no doubt that Ms. Zhang deserves this title. Truly，not only is she a qualified teacher，but also she is a valuable guide in my life. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$