Unit 5 Into the unknown-【创新教程】2025年高考英语总复习大一轮教师用书word（外研版）

高考原句 句式分析 汉语试译 1.(2022·全国甲卷)I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. 本句是一个复杂的主从复合句。remember后的部分为宾语从句，在这个宾语从句中， the first time I saw a humpback whale为状语从句，the first time “第一次做……时”；it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us为主句。 我记得我第一次看到一只座头鲸；它只是像一些史前生物一样从水中升起，我以为它在对我们微笑。 2.(2022·全国甲卷)The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. 本句是一个复杂的主从复合句。主句是The realization was one of the biggest things。that this is a precious land 作the realization的同位语，to be respected by humans作a precious land的后置定语；that hit home to Ginni作定语修饰the biggest things。 意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一。 [Part 1　巧记·课标单词] 写 作 单 词 | 悉 其 识 1.　intrigue　 v．　引起……的好奇心 2．　bury　 v. 将……埋在下面 3．　pyramid　 n. 金字塔 4．　tropical　 adj. 来自热带的 5．　downfall　 n. 衰败 6．　ruin　 n. 废墟，残垣断壁 7．　abandon　 v. 离弃，逃离 8．　dismiss　 v. 拒绝考虑，否定 9．　getaway　 n. 逃跑，逃走 10.　retreat　 v．　后退；离开 11．　subdue　 v. 克制，抑制(情绪) 12．　delve　 v. 探索，探究 13．　shrink　 v. 退缩，畏缩 14．　upwards　 adv. 向上，朝上 15．　equivalent　 adj. 等同的；等值的 16．　furthermore　 adv. 此外；而且；不仅如此 17．　substance　 n. 物质 18．　vol　 n. (书的)卷，册 拓展单词| 通其用 1.　civilisation　 n．文明→civilise v．教化，使有教养 2．astronomy n．天文学 →　astronomer　 n．天文学家 3．expand vi.膨胀→　expansion　 n．扩大，增加 4．investigate v．调查→　investigation　 n．调查 5．archaeology n．考古学→　archaeological　 adj.考古学的 6．　notable　 adj.显要的→notability n．显著，值得注意 7．drill vi.&vt.钻(孔)→　drilling　 n．钻探 阅读单词| 明其义 1.canal n．　运河　 2．cyclone n. 　气旋；旋风　 3．megadrought n. 　超级干旱　 4．uncharted adj. 　地图上没有标明的　 5．shipwreck n. 　失事的船；沉船　 6.coral n．　珊瑚　 7．millimetre n. 　毫米　 8．barreleye n. 　管眼鱼　 9．trench n. 　海沟　 10．stack v. 　(使)整齐地堆起；摞起　 11．vessel n. 　舰船　 [Part 2　闪记·核心短语] 1.　fall into ruin　　 (因无人照料而)衰落；败落 2．　make a getaway　 逃跑，逃走 3．　run for one's life　 逃命 4．　check out　 调查，检查 5．　steer clear of　 避开；从……处脱身 6.test the waters　　试水，试探　 7．set out 　动身踏上(漫长的)旅途　 8．think twice 　再三考虑，慎重考虑　 9．shrink from 　避免做，不愿做　 10．look into 　调查(问题)　 [Part 3　速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 1.what引导的主语从句 　What is most extraordinary about these complex structures　 (这些复杂建筑最不同寻常之处) is how they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power. 2.if型省略结构 Today, some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail, there is little—　if any　 (如果有的话)—land on our planet left unexplored. 3.It＋be＋过去分词＋that 　It's argued that　 (人们认为) the 30th parallel north is a line of great natural energy, with frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. [Part 4　识记·熟词生义] 你知道下面句子中黑体词的词性和汉语意思吗？ 1.There was a certain amount of rough justice in his downfall.　n．垮台　 2.Human activities may be ruining the global environment on which our life depends.　v．毁灭　 3.A good friend will never abandon you in times of trouble. 　v．离开　 4.I repeated the question “Why do you push your son so hard？”and waited for her to expand，but she just rolled her eyes at me. 　v．详述；详细阐明 　 [Part 5　积累·联想拓展] 1.由canal带你去畅游 ①strait n．　海峡 ②reservoir n. 水库 ③pool n. 池塘 ④ocean n. 海洋 ⑤stream n. 小溪 ⑥channel n. 海峡 2.fall构成的短语一览 ①fall ill/asleep/silent　　生病/睡着/沉默 ②fall behind 落后；落伍 ③fall down 倒下；病倒；失败 ④fall off 掉下；衰退 ⑤fall into ruin 衰落，败落 [核心词汇——逐点清] 1．ruin n．[U]毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；废墟；遗迹 vt.毁灭；使破产；成为废墟 ► [教材对接] (1)Its once­great cities fell into 　ruin　， leaving various mysteries for later people to solve. 曾经雄伟的城市沦为废墟，留下各种谜团等待后人解开。 ①lie/be in ruins　成为废墟 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 ②ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin one's health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)(全国Ⅰ卷)Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists 　ruining　(ruin) the atmosphere of peace? (3)With time going on，the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely 　in　 ruins. (4)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and 　being reduced　(reduce) to ruins，the city took on a new look. (5)(全国Ⅱ卷)Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it 　ruined　 (ruin) an entire day? [能力提升]　一句多译 他犯了个错误，这让他失去了出国的机会。 (6)He made a mistake，　which ruined his chance　 of going abroad.(定语从句) (7)He made a mistake，　ruining his chance　 of going abroad.(分词作状语) 2．abandon vt.遗弃；抛弃；放弃；中止；使放纵；使听任n.放任；放纵 ► [教材对接] (1)But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to 　abandon　 most of their great cities. 但其中最大的谜团是为何玛雅人拋弃了绝大部分的大城市。 ①abandon oneself to...　沉湎于……；纵情于…… abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事 ②abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的 be abandoned to 沉湎于…… [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)Without worrying about anything，she abandoned herself 　to　 a life of pleasure. (3)(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel 　abandoned　(abandon). (4)He is abandoned to 　reading　 (read) all kinds of books in his spare time. (5)Science is dynamic：new methods get invented；old ones get 　abandoned　 (abandon)；and sometimes, scientists can be found doing many different things. [能力提升]　完成句子 (6)She felt she was needed and 　decided to abandon her plan of studying abroad　. 她感觉自己被需要，决定放弃出国留学的计划。 3．dismiss vt.不予考虑，消除；免职，解雇，开除；解散 ► [教材对接] (1)Although his theory has been 　dismissed　 by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people. 尽管学者们对他的理论不予考虑，但是这表明古玛雅文明的奥秘在人们心中是如此举足轻重。 dismiss sb.for...　因……解雇某人 dismiss sb.from sb.'s post/position 免去某人的职务 [基础练通]　写出下列句子中dismiss的含义 (2)Today our teacher dismissed the class ten minutes early.　下课　 (3)We shouldn't dismiss the suggestion without thinking about it.　不予考虑　 (4)The worker was dismissed from the factory for being lazy.　解雇，开除　 [能力提升]　单句写作 (5)　They dismissed him for his being dishonest　. 他们因他不诚信而解雇了他。 4．bury v．将……埋在下面 ► [教材对接] (1)Based on this，he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city 　buried　 deep in the jungle. 基于这点，他相信自己发现了一座隐藏在丛林深处的不为人知的玛雅城。 bury one's head/face in hands　双手抱头/掩面 be buried in＝bury oneself in 专心于 be buried in thought 沉思 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)Mailboxes might be 　buried　 (bury) in the snow, or broken，or lying on the ground, but the mail was always delivered. (3)I'm burying 　myself　 (I) in books these days since the finals are coming. [能力提升]　完成句子 (4)Tom 　buried his face　 in the pillow.Try to reflect on his work today. 汤姆把脸埋在枕头里。试着反省他今天的工作。 5．correspond to符合于……；相当于…… ► [教材对接] (1)Through comparison，he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities 　correspond to　 the positions of the stars. 通过比较，他发现已知的117个玛雅城市的位置与恒星的位置一致。 ①correspond with　与……通信；和……相一致/相符合 correspond to 类似于……；相当于…… ②correspondence n．通信；相关；信件 in correspondence with 与……有通信联系 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)The written record of his conversation didn't correspond 　to　 what was actually said. (3)Research has shown that immersion (沉浸) in nature, and the 　corresponding　 (correspond) disconnection from multimedia and technology, increased performance on a creative problem­solving task by a full 50 percent in a group of hikers. (4)She stopped corresponding 　with　 him after the death of her mother. [能力提升]　完成句子 (5)He had been 　in correspondence with her for several years　 before they finally met. 他和她通信了多年，最后终于见面了。 6．check out调查，检查；结账离开；借出 ► [教材对接] (1)So while you may be tempted to 　check out　 a strange object or to test the waters of a new situation, it can be safer to steer clear of the unfamiliar. 因此，当你可能忍不住想要看一个陌生的东西或摸清新环境的情况时，避开不熟悉的东西可能会更安全。 check in　　　　　　登记，报到 [基础练通]　写出下列句子中check out的含义 (2)I will check out the CCTV English website.　查看　 (3)The couple checked out at 10：00 a．m. and hurried to the airport, leaving a suitcase in the hotel room.　结账离开　 (4)Do you know whether the reference books can be checked out？　借出　 [能力提升]　完成句子 (5)Guests 　must check out before noon　， or they will be charged for the day. 旅客必须于中午前退房，否则将收取全日费用。 7．investigation．调查 ► [教材对接] (1)Talk about the 　investigations　 into another scientific mystery using the words and expressions in this section. 用本节中的单词和短语谈论对另一个科学谜团的调查。 ①under investigation　正在调查中 conduct an investigation 进行调查 ②investigate v．查明，调查 investigate an incident 调查事件 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)Please take your time. The whole issue is still under 　investigation　 (investigate)． (3)The study 　investigates　 (investigate) the impact of violent TV programming on children. (4)She's also 　investigating　 (investigate) the biochemical characteristics that allow certain corals to survive in extreme environments. [能力提升]　完成句子 (5)Scientists are 　conducting an investigation into　 the causes of the accident. 科学家们就事故的原因正展开调查。 [间考词汇——要知晓] 1．expansion n．扩大；增加；膨胀 用expansion的适当形式填空 (1)Six years after its launch, Cuddle Buddies continues to 　expand　. (2)These 　expansions　 (expand) into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. (3)In order to improve our life quality, we must have an 　expanding　 economy. 2．notable adj.值得注意的；显著的；显要的 单句语法填空 (1)It should 　be noted　 (note) that dissertations submitted late will not be accepted. (2)It is worth 　noting　 (note) that the most successful companies had the lowest prices. (3)The oolong, green tea and black tea are most notable 　for　 their high qualities. (4)Every year many 　notable　 (note) prizes are awarded to the creative minds behind the books we enjoy. 3．throw oneself into积极投入到……中去 单句语法填空 (1)Finally, Qu Yuan threw 　himself　 (he) into the Miluo River in despair on the fifth day of the fifth Lunar month. (2)Farmers lose money when they have to throw 　away　 products that they can't sell quickly. (3)Alcoholics get special treatment making them throw 　up　 every time they drink alcohol. 4. look into调查 选词填空 look into，look through，look up to，look down upon，look back at (1)　Looking back at　 the past，I regretted I had wasted so much wonderful time. (2)Nobody will 　look up to　 you if you 　look down upon　 yourself. (3)She 　looked through　 her notes before the examination. (4)—The computer I received is not the same as is shown online. —How come？But I promise you we'll 　look into　 it right away. Today, some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail, there is little—　if_any　—land on our planet left unexplored. 如今，距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已有差不多500年，我们星球上尚未被人类探索的土地——如果有的话——已经少之又少了。 本句中if any是if型省略结构。 其结构如下： ①在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，同时从句谓语含有be动词，则可省略该从句的主语和be动词，这时if从句有以下两种常见结构： ②在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句的主谓语it is/was；有时可省略从句中的there be或省略从句中与主句相同的部分，在这类省略结构中有的已构成固定结构，这类结构常见的有： [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (1)You must attend the lecture on time if 　informed　 (inform) of it. (2)You will find yourself upset by traffic jams if 　living　 (live) in the center of the city, especially during the rush hour. (3)Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library？If 　so　， you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. (4)If the steps you take are working, keep it up.If 　not　， take another look at other methods you could try. [能力提升]　句型转换 (5)If it is necessary, you can turn to me for help at any time. →If 　necessary　， you can turn to me for help at any time.(省略结构) (6)The medicine is quite effective if it is taken on time. →The medicine is quite effective if 　taken　 on time. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Mr.Smith, a Sinologist, is very interested in Chinese 　civilisation　 (文明), so he went to China in the 1950s. 2．The miners were 　buried　 (将……埋在下面) alive when the tunnel collapsed. 3．He gave the rational order to 　abandon　 (离弃) the ship because it was sinking. 4．Despite the recession, the manufacturer is confident of further 　expansion　 (扩张)． 5．If you wash a superior wool sweater at too high a temperature, you will 　shrink　 (使缩水) it. 6．We don't know all of the circumstances or causes, and there will be a joint 　investigation　 (调查) by your government and ours. Ⅱ.语境填空 1．Politeness is a mark of 　civilisation　 (civilise), which should be strengthened in our society nowadays. 2．Ever since he moved there, the scholar 　has been buried　 (bury) in his research work. 3．The vineyards were falling 　into　 ruin, which drove him into despair. 4．The young man abandoned himself 　to　 despair. 5．This university is undergoing 　expansion　 (expand) to reach admission of more students. 6．Run 　for　 your life from any man who tells you that money is evil.That sentence is the leper's bell of an approaching looter. 7．He lingered on at the Villa Diodati until the beginning of October, but finally left Switzerland for Italy, to throw 　himself　 (he) deeper into sensual abandon. 8．He caught hold of her hands, but she 　shrank　 (shrink) back. 9．The organ receiving the report shall conduct an 　investigation　 (investigate) and look into it according to law. 10．If 　invited　 (invite) to a meal, be especially careful about your table manners. Ⅲ.选词填空 fall into ruin, make a getaway, run for one's life, check out, steer clear of, think twice 1．A thief stole his wallet and 　made a getaway　 quickly. 2．I hope you should 　think twice　 before you resign your present job. 3．Their very shape has made them less likely to 　fall into ruin　. 4．Don't 　steer clear of　 us; nobody is going to hurt you. 5．If the cat gets close, the rat will choose either to fight or to 　run for its life　. 6．Before you get out of the hotel, you must 　check out　. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．(全国Ⅲ卷)第二天，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。 The next morning he hired a boat and 　set out to find the well­known painter　. 2．月球上有没有生命是一个有趣的问题。 　Whether there is life on the moon　 is an interesting question. 3．躺在沙滩上的是来自俄罗斯的一家人。 　Lying on the beach　 is a family from Russia. 4．据说，当你感觉孤单时，狗会一直陪伴你，你想要它陪你多久它就陪你多久。 　It is said that　 dogs will keep you company for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. 5．如有错误就请改正。 Correct the errors, 　if any　. Ⅰ.单元巩固练 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)。 Maya civilisation has been surrounded by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century.The Maya built 1.　impressive　 (impress) palaces and temples, including their representative step pyramids.The Maya had an amazing understanding of mathematics and astronomy and applied this understanding 2.　to　 the Maya calendar, which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year. The fact 3.　that　 Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements more incredible and mysterious.But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya 4.　to abandon　 (abandon) their cities.By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at its peak.Yet, within just a couple of generations, it 5.　began　 (begin) to mysteriously decline. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains 6.　a　 mystery.Some research seems to indicate that the Maya people 7.　themselves　 (them) may have played a part in their downfall.Research also suggests that natural disasters may 8.　have led　 (lead) to the decline of the Maya.Some recent studies have found that there were far fewer tropical cyclones than usual between 700 AD and 1000 AD.This is likely to have led to a series of droughts, each lasting for years.Many scientists believe that these droughts were the main reason for the Maya's collapse. Whatever the reasons, Maya civilisation 9.　largely　 (large) disappeared within the deep jungle.Its once­great cities fell into ruin, 10.　leaving　 (leave) various mysteries for later people to solve. Ⅱ.话题写作(人物介绍类) 假如你是校报编辑，在本期《科学探秘》专栏中，你要向大家介绍“神农架野人”。请根据以下要点，用英语写一篇短文。 1．神农架自然保护区位于湖北省，长久以来传说常有“野人”出没； 2．目击者称“野人”有两米多高，全身红棕毛发，直立行走； 3．多年来，我国科学家试图解开“野人”之迷。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．尽量使用本单元知识点。 参考词汇：intrigue激起……的好奇心　delve挖掘 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Have you ever heard of the wild man？It is said that the wild man appears sometimes in the Shennongjia Nature Reserve in Hubei Province, which intrigues some people. According to witnesses, the wild man is over two metres tall, with powerful arms, strong legs and reddish­brown hair all over.The so­called “wild man” walks upright.To delve further evidence, many people throw themselves into it.For years, Chinese scientists have been exploring in Shennongjia, hoping to solve the mystery. I think that scientists will find the truth someday. Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(41)——增强表现力(一) ●[运用“主句＋简短状语”结构] 为了使描写更有表现力，要学会在主句的基础上加上简短状语。简短状语包括介词短语、分词、with复合结构、状语从句省略、形容词和副词等。 ●[佳句观摩] 1．我忍住眼泪，努力挤出笑容。 Holding back my tears，I tried to squeeze a smile. 2．沐浴在节日气氛中时，他兴高采烈。 Bathed in a festival atmosphere，he was in high spirits. 3．出于好奇，他走近去找一个银色气球。 Curiously，he approached to find a silver balloon. 4．带着惊讶和困惑，他勉强笑了笑。 Surprised and confused，he managed a forced smile. ●[好句仿写] 1．最后他来了，双手插在口袋里。 At last he came，　his hands in his pockets　.(独立主格结构) 2．深受感动，他决定撒个善意的谎言。 　Touched deeply　，he decided to tell a white lie.(分词作状语) 3．回来的时候，他还抱着胳膊，脸上带着一点生气。 　When coming back　，he still folded his arms 　with a little anger on his face　.(省略句，with复合结构) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$