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Unit 3 Times change!
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课前 必备知识
01
课堂 层级突破
02
课后 多维检测
03
课时作业
04
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课后作业
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主题语境 人与社会——社会进步与人类文明
高考原句
句式分析
汉语试译
1.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They surveyed several hundred parkgoers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.
本句是一个复合句。asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park是v.ing形式作伴随状语,其中 they had with nature in the park是省略关系代词的定语从句,修饰限制interaction。
他们调查了数百名公园游客,要求他们在网上提交一份书面摘要,说明他们在公园里与大自然进行的有意义的互动。
2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.
本句是一个复合句。主句是Naming each nature experience creates a usable language;
which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them是which引导的定语从句,其中 that are most satisfying and meaningful to them是that引导的定语从句。
命名每一种自然体验创造了一种可用的语言,这有助于人们认识并参与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动中。
[Part 1 巧记·课标单词]
写作单词——悉其识
1. decade n. 十年;十年期
2. elderly adj. 年老的
3. tablet n. 平板电脑
4. sympathy n. 同情
5. bunch n. 一群;一伙
6. shelf n. 搁板,架子
7. furniture n. 家具
8. mist n. 薄雾
9. brick n. 砖,砖块
10. saleswoman n. 女销售员
11. organic adj. 有机的;绿色的
12. humble adj. 简陋的
13. emphasize v. 强调
14. reconstruction n. 重建
15. journalist n. 新闻工作者
16. era n. 时代;年代
17. reform n. 改进;改革
18. alongside prep. (与……)一起
19. initiative n. 倡议
20. solid adj. 坚实的
21. component n. 组成部分
22. category n. 类别
23. expand v. 扩大;增加
24. gesture n. 手势,姿势
25. accessible adj. 易懂的
26. soul n. 精神
27. facilitate v. 促进;使便利
28. secondary adj. 次要的
29. comic n. 连环漫画
30. costume n. 服装,装束
31. occupation n. 工作,职业
拓展单词——通其用
1. legend n.传奇;传说故事→ legendary adj.传奇式的
2. dusty adj.积满灰尘的→ dust n.灰尘
3. leadership n.领导;领导地位→ leader n.领导
4. competitor n.竞争者;对手→ compete vi.竞争;对抗→ competition n.竞争;竞赛→ competitive adj.有竞争力的
5. socialist adj.社会主义的→ social adj.社会的→ society n.社会
6. economic adj.经济的→ economy n.经济
7. emotion n.感情;情绪→ emotional adj.情绪的
8. face n.脸→ facial adj.面部的
9. intend vt.计划;打算→ intention n.打算;目的;意图
10. tend vi.趋向;易于;照顾vt.照顾;护理→ tendency n.倾向;趋势
11. educate vt.教育;培养;训练→ education n.教育→ educator n.教育工作者
12. urgent adj.紧急的→ urgency n.紧急;催促→ urgently adv.紧急地
13. convinced adj.确信的;信服的→ convince vt.确信;信服→ convincing adj.令人信服的
阅读单词——明其义
.fixture n. 固定存在物
2.exterior n. 外部,外观
3.jazz n. 爵士乐
4.cafeteria n. 自助餐厅
5.emoji n. 表情符号
6.integral adj. 不可缺少的
7.pictograph n. 象形图
8.textspeak n. 短信简写语
9.pictorial adj. 图画的
[Part 2 闪记·核心短语]
1. a bunch of 一群
2. pop up 突然出现,冒出来
3. drop in 顺便访问
4. turn...into 将……变成
5. tear down 拆毁,拆除
6.pave the way 铺平道路
7.clear away 把……清除掉
8.figure out 弄懂;计算(出)
9.work on 致力于,从事
[Part 3 速记·经典句式]
典型句式
教材原句
1.how引导的宾语从句
Sighing deeply, he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an independent bookstore (经营私营书店变得多么的难).
2.that引导的定语从句
It made me realize that the bookstore and all that Old Casey had given to the community (老凯西给社区的一切)could soon disappear for good.
3.would rather...than句型
After all, how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call (宁愿发满是表情符号的信息也不愿意打电话)?
[Part 4 识记·熟词生义]
你知道下面句子中黑体词的词性和汉语意思吗?
1.The miners were on strike and several hundred railway workers came out in sympathy. n.声援
2.The house stands on a shelf of rock among pines. n. 突出的岩石
3.You should present solid evidence to prove your point. adj.可信赖的
[Part 5 积累·联想拓展]
1.多重“性格”集一身
①stubborn 固执的
②introverted 内向的
③outgoing 外向的
④gentle 温和的
⑤sensible 理智的
⑥emotional 情感的
2.变“脸”真神奇
①lose face 丢脸
②make a face 做鬼脸
③face to face 面对面
④in (the) face of 面对(问题、困难、危险等)
⑤save one's face 挽回面子
⑥be faced with 面对
[核心词汇——逐点清]
1.compete vi.比赛;竞争
► [教材对接]
(1)Traditional bookstores can't compete with large bookstore chains.
传统的书店不能与大型的连锁书店抗衡。
①compete in 参加……比赛,在……方面竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against...for 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
②competition n. 比赛;竞争
in competition with与……进行竞争
③competitor n. 竞争者;对手
competitive adj.有竞争力的
compete多用作不及物动词,后跟适当的介词才能跟宾语。表示“与某人比赛”用with或against;表示比赛的目的用for;表示比赛参与的项目时用in。
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(2022·全国乙卷)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition (compete).
(3)Nobody can entirely keep away from this competitive (compete) world.
(4) (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a crosscountry race in Minnesota.
(5)(山东卷)Museums must compete for people's spare time and money with other amusements.
(6)They found themselves competing with/against foreign companies for a share of the market.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(7)As far as I know, you once won a prize in a robotics competition .
据我所知,你曾经在机器人大赛中获奖。
2.intention n.意图;目的;打算
► [教材对接]
(1)The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers.
这样改编的目的是让年轻读者更容易理解经典文学作品。
①intention of doing sth./to do sth. 做某事的意图、打算
with the intention of doing sth. 怀着做某事的目的、意图
②intend v. 想要;打算;意欲
intend to do sth. 打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
be intended for 为……打算(或设计)的
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(2023·北京卷)The amount of time needed to build a habit will depend on multiple factors, including the individual and the intended (intend) behaviour.
(3)(全国Ⅱ卷)Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling,keeping intention (intend)clear.
(4)(2022·北京卷)Fearful that he might have an intention to harm (harm) her, Helen started to run.
[能力提升] 句型转换
(5)The book is intended for the disabled children in the area and has been published.(用过去分词短语作定语)
→The book intended for the disabled children in the area has been published.
3.tendency n.趋势,倾向;偏好,性情
► [教材对接]
(1)As we can see, emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place.
正如我们所看到的那样,表情符号大有随处可见的趋势。
①(have) a tendency to do sth.(有)做某事的倾向
(have) a tendency to/towards sth.(有)……的倾向/趋势/偏好
②tendvi.趋向,倾向vt.照管,护理
tend to do sth.往往会做某事
tend to/towards有……的趋势
tend (to) sb.照料/护理/照管……
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Some experts state that increasing the focus on students can increase their confidence and reduce their tendency (tend) to be anxious.
(3)Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make (make) poor choices on diet.
(4)Occupied with routine office tasks, she had no time to tend to her children.
(5)We tend to have (have) a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.
[能力提升] 句型转换
(6)When I'm tired, I tend to make mistakes.
→When I'm tired, I have a tendency to make mistakes.
4.expand vt.(使)扩大;(使)增强vi.膨胀;扩张;增加
► [教材对接]
(1)Now there are more than 3,000 emojis that expand upon the way in which we communicate.
现在有3 000多个表情符号来拓宽我们的交流渠道。
①expand into 扩展成为
expand on 细说,阐述
②expansion n.扩张
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)At first, our company was very small, but after purchasing some smaller ones, it soon expanded into a large one.
(3)There are plans for the expansion (expand) of our school building.
(4)I am busy now, so I will expand on this problem next time.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)I feel that I can broaden my horizons and expand my knowledge by studying online.
我觉得通过网上的学习开阔了视野,扩大了知识面。
5.adaptation n.适应;改编;改写本
► [教材对接]
(1)The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers.
这样改编的目的是让年轻读者更容易理解经典文学作品。
①adapt vt. 使适应;改编
adapt to 适应/适合
adapt oneself to 使自己适应……
adapt...to do... 调整……以适应做……
②adapt...from 根据……改编……
adapt...for 把……改写/改编成……
③adaptable adj. 有适应能力的
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)The film is adapted ① from a novel.That is,it is an ② adaptation (adapt) of a novel.The hero of the film is ③ adaptable (adapt) to the new environment.His exciting experience indicates the importance of adapting ④ to new manners and customs.
(3)(全国Ⅲ卷)On Thursday in an article published in Cell,a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation (adapt)—not to air or to food,but to the ocean.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护,包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效,然后如果你认为它适合你,教你如何采用这种哲学。
6.educator n.教育家;教育工作者
► [教材对接]
(1)But this makes others,especially educators ,worry that we are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word,or even the spoken word.
但是这使得一些人,尤其是教育工作者,担心我们正在失去使用书面语甚至口语来正确沟通的能力。
①educate vt.教育,教导;训练,培养
educate (sb.) in sth. 在……方面教育或训练某人
②education n.教育
③educated adj.受过教育的
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2) Education (educate) is given to children by the government.
(3)He was educated (educate) at the local high school,after which he went on to Beijing University.
(4)What more could an educator (educate) hope for than a student's desire to learn?
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)He is a teacher and an excellent educator as well .
他是一位老师,也是一位杰出的教育工作者。
[间考词汇——要知晓]
1.sympathy n.同情
单句语法填空/用sympathy的相关短语完成句子
(1)He gave the poor girl a helping hand in sympathy.
(2)After hearing her story, he expressed/showed/felt sympathy for (对……表示同情) her and decided to help her out.
(3) Out of sympathy for (出于对……的同情) the earthquake victims, the kindhearted lady gave away her clothes and quilts to them.
2.urgently adv.紧急地,迫切地
单句语法填空
(1)(全国Ⅰ卷)In this box are some stem cells that are urgently (urgent) needed for a patient.
(2)These days the industry's most urgent (urge) question may be how to control the flow of tourists.
(3)It is most urgent that Tom (should) help (help) the doctor operate.
3.convincing adj.有说服力的
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)Truly convinced (convince) that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis,people are optimistic about the future of the country.
(2)There is now convincing (convince) evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.
(3)His idea was not convincing .At last I convinced him to change his mind .
他的观点没有说服力。最终我说服他改变了主意。
4.face to face面对面
对比填空face to face和facetoface
(1)Last week, I had a facetoface talk with him.
(2)This is the first time that I have seen the famous actor face to face .
It made me realize that the bookstore and all that Old Casey
Had given to the community could soon disappear for good.
这让我意识到书店和老凯西给社区的一切,很快就会永远消失。
本句是关系代词that引导的定语从句。
定语从句中只用that的情况:
①当先行词是much,little,none,all,few,every(thing),any(thing),no(thing)等或被它们修饰时;
②当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last,next等)修饰时;
③当先行词有the very,the only,the same(同一个)等修饰时;
④当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时;
⑤当主句是以who,which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who,which要避免重复时。
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(1)You've got something that is potentially going to save somebody's life.
(2)This trend has had some side effects such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing that the medical community was trying to fight.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(3)This is the best dictionary (that) I've ever used .
这是我用过的最好的词典。
(4)I made a speech on the people and things (that) I had seen abroad .
我就我在国外所见到的人和事发表演讲。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The last two decades (十年) have witnessed Macao's boom and stability on the basis of “One Country, Two Systems”.
2.The building was designed to accommodate the elderly (年老的) and provide them with the best environment.
3.The flood victims have received both sympathy (同情) and assistance from the international community during the flood season.
4. Facial (面部的) recognition is a technology able to identify a person from a digital image or a frame from a video source.
5.The house is old, but it is of great emotional (情感的) value to my father who spent all his childhood here.
6.It has been discovered that furniture (家具) with rounded edges in our rooms can help us relax.
Ⅱ.语境填空
1.I used to work in a small village school with only four classrooms and a playground which got dusty (dust) on windy days.
2.Now, nearly 500 acres of sand in the northeastern region is being turned into farms producing corn, tomatoes and sunflowers.
3.In a competitive (compete) marketplace, finding the key factors that distinguish your business from others is highly valuable.
4. The day I went to school after the summer vacation, I was surprised to see the changes in our school.
5.There is a growing tendency for people to work (work) at home instead of in offices.
6.Many of us like to communicate with our friends through WeChat or QQ instead of talking with them face to face.
7.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing (allow) more patients to be treated.
8.—When shall we start the reconstruction (reconstruct) of the old buildings?
—Not until our program has been approved by the local government.
9.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, who urgently (urgent) need clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
10.I would rather she came (come) tomorrow than today.
Ⅲ.选词填空
a bunch of, pop up, face to face, figure out, drop in, work on
1.When I stepped into the airport waiting room, the information of flights kept popping up on the big screen.
2.At weekends, the Smiths would drop in on us to have a chat over the recent events.
3.In order to solve the problems as soon as possible, they had a discussion face to face .
4.College is when we should focus on a specific major, but high school is when we have to figure it out .
5.As we were discussing the topic heatedly, in came a girl with a bunch of flowers in her hand.
6.The director worked on in the office until ten o'clock last night.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.彼得能教你如何把想法变成行动。
Peter can show you how to turn an idea into an act .
2.每年都有很多选手参加这个比赛角逐金牌。
Many competitors compete in the game for the gold medal every year .
3.我想知道他的学习进展如何。
I want to know how he is getting on with his study .
4.请在下面写明你的姓名、年龄和职业。
Please state your name, age and occupation below .
5.他总是操心琐事,结果忽视了他的学习。
He is always worrying about trifles, ignoring his study .
Ⅰ.单元巩固练
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)。
The day I learned that the Rainbow Bookstore, where I would 1. frequently (frequent) drop in during my childhood, was closing, I felt heartbroken.I 2. hurried (hurry) to the bookstore and had a long chat with Casey, the store's 3. owner (own).
Sighing deeply, he told me how it was becoming difficult to run 4. an independent bookstore.When I left the bookstore, I turned to wave goodbye to Casey sadly, 5. realising (realise) that the bookstore could soon disappear for good.
A few months later, I was back in the community during the spring break vacation and was surprised 6. to find (find) the Rainbow Bookstore was still open for business.Walking into it, I found that it 7. had been turned (turn) into a modern one under the leadership of the new owner, Jennifer Oakley.Apart from a café selling organic food in the bookstore, there were now 8. more (many) community events than before, such as book readings, poetry recitals and even jazz concerts and movie nights, 9. where people could gather to share an experience that couldn't be downloaded.
As Casey told me, it was corporate knowledge and creativity 10. that made the Rainbow Bookstore continue to serve the community in a new way.
Ⅱ.话题写作(倡议书)
世界读书日(4月23日)即将到来,针对同学们除教材外阅读课外书籍较少的现状,光明中学决定向同学们发出倡议,号召他们多读书。请你根据以下要点代表光明中学写一篇倡议书。
1.同学们的读书现状;
2.读书的好处;
3.发出倡议。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear schoolmates,
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Guangming Middle School
[参考范文]
Dear schoolmates,
The World Reading Day, which refers to April 23rd, is around the corner. Nowadays,students seldom read books except textbooks, which may cause the lack of knowledge that will be useful in their lives.
As the old saying goes, “Reading a good book is like talking with a wise person.”It is correct as the benefits you get from the good books will last a lifetime. Reading can also broaden your horizons.
To make your life more colorful,I strongly recommend that you should read more books.
Guangming Middle School
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(27)——动作描写“眼(eye)”(一)
●[多样表达]
1.meet sb.'s eyes接触某人的目光
2.stare into one's eyes凝视某人的眼睛
3.fix one's eyes on盯着
4.lower/drop one's eyes垂下眼睛
5.raise/lift one's eyes抬起眼睛
6.one's eyes shine/sparkle/glisten with excitement眼里闪着兴奋的光芒
7.eyes widened in surprise惊讶地睁大眼睛
8.scan sb.扫视某人
9.eyes drop垂下眼睛
●[佳句观摩]
1.约翰坐在窗边,目光紧盯着一本书。
(普通表达)John sat beside the window,and fixed his eyes on a book.(并列句)
(高级表达)John sat beside the window,with his eyes fixed on a book.(with复合结构)
2.他看完书后,抬起眼睛向窗外望去。
When he finished the book,he raised his eyes and looked out of the window.
3.他高兴地唱着歌,用天真而又好奇的眼睛注视着周围的一切。
Singing happily,he gazed at the surroundings with innocent and curious eyes.
●[好句仿写]
1.约翰注意到有人靠近,停止了唱歌并垂下眼睛。
(普通表达)John noticed someone approaching,he stopped singing and lowered/dropped his eyes .(并列句)
(高级表达) Noticing someone approaching,John stopped singing and lowered/dropped his eyes .(分词短语作状语)
2.当认出来访者是谁时,约翰张大了嘴巴,眼睛睁得大大的。(with复合结构)
When recognizing who the visitor was,John opened his mouth with his eyes widened .
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