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Unit 5 What an adventure!
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课前 必备知识
01
课堂 层级突破
02
课后 多维检测
03
课时作业
04
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主题语境 人与自然——自然生态
高考原句
句式分析
汉语试译
1.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When John Todd was a child,he loved to explore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved problems.
本句是一个复合句。When John Todd was a child是when引导的时间状语从句;observing how nature solved problems是v.ing 形式作状语。
当约翰·托德(John Todd)还是个孩子的时候,他喜欢探索他家周围的树林,观察大自然如何解决问题。
2.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)A dirty stream,for example,often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.
本句是一个复合句。after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived是after 引导的时间状语从句,其中 where tiny creatures lived是where 引导的定语从句,修饰限制rocks。
例如,一条脏兮兮的溪流在流过植物和微小生物生活的岩石后,往往会变得清澈。
[Part 1 巧记·课标单词]
写作单词——悉其识
1. initial adj. 开始的;最初的
2. thus adv. 因此,从而
3. zone n. 地区;地带
4. oxygen n. 氧气
5. border n. 国界,边界
6. confirm v. 证实,证明
7. crowd n. 人群
8. attempt n. 努力;尝试
9. thrill n. 惊险
10. port n. 港,港口
11. unaware adj. 未察觉的
12. cotton n. 棉布;棉花
13. guideline n. 指导方针
14. cloth n. 布
15. liquid n. 液体
16. stretch v. 延伸
17. charge n. 主管;负责
18. captain n. 船长
19. ahead adv. 在前面
20. nut n. 坚果
21. distinguish v. 看清;认出
22. shore n. 岸,滨
23. broad adj. 宽阔的;广泛的
24. beneath prep. 在……之下
25. resident n. 居民,住户
26. male n. 雄性动物
拓展单词——通其用
1. failure n.失败者→fail vi.失败
2.wool n.羊毛;毛织品→ woolen adj.羊毛的
3.bleeding n.流血,失血→ bleed v.流血,失血→ blood n.血
4.permit v.许可n.许可证→ permission n.许可;允许
5.fascinated adj.被迷住的→ fascination n.魅力,迷恋
6.consume vt.消费;消耗;耗尽;吃完→ consumer n.顾客
7.surround vt.包围;围绕→ surroundings n.(复数)周围的事物;环境→ surrounding adj.周围的
8.depth n.深(度);深处→ deep adj.&adv.深的(地)→ deeply adv.深深地→ deepen v.使加深;使强烈;变深;变低沉
阅读单词——明其义
1.alcohol n. 酒精
2.bandage n. 绷带
3.thermometer n. 体温计
4.rubber n. 橡胶
5.servant n. 仆人,佣人
6.chapter n. 章节
7.helmet n. 头盔,钢盔
8.ray n. 光线
9.wrinkled adj. 有皱褶的
10.carpet n. 地毯
11.intensity n. (光、声等)强度
12.atom n. 原子
[Part 2 闪记·核心短语]
1. bring...into focus 使……成为焦点
2. in broad daylight 在大白天
3. make money 赚钱
4. turn around 转身,转向反方向
5. figure out 搞清楚,弄明白
6.focus on 关注
7.be likely to do 可能做……
8.refer to...as 把……称作
9.benefit from 从……中获益
10.result in 造成;导致
[Part 3 速记·经典句式]
典型句式
教材原句
1.either...or...或者……或者……
With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure (或者完全成功,或者完全失败),is there also a scientific reason behind this risktaking?
2.状语从句的省略
Although regarded as the most dangerous road in the country (尽管被视为我国最危险的道路),it is also known as the “heavenly road” for its amazing views.
3.独立主格结构
Captain Nemo walked in front, one of his men following some steps behind (他的一个同伴跟在身后,距离他几步远).
[Part 4 识记·熟词生义]
你知道下面句子中黑体词的词性和汉语意思吗?
1.The big corporations (企业) are bleeding some of these small countries dry.
v.榨取;榨干
2.(2023·全国甲卷)Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby,the research shows it is women now leading the charge. v.负责
3.Words failed me when I wanted to express my thanks to him for having saved my son from the burning house. v.(言语)无法表达
[Part 5 积累·联想拓展]
1.前缀un必备形容词集锦
①unable 不能的;不会的
②unimportant 不重要的
③unaware 未察觉到的
④unreasonable 不合理的
⑤unwilling 不愿意的
⑥unbelievable 难以置信的
2.“v.+out”短语万花筒
①try out 尝试
②run out 用完
③work out 算出;解决;锻炼
④figure out 算出;理解
⑤leave out 省略,删去
⑥pick out 挑选;区别出
[核心词汇——逐点清]
1.attempt n.努力;尝试;企图vt.尝试;企图
► [教材对接]
(1)With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure,is there also a scientific reason behind this risktaking?
大部分攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试都以完全的成功或彻底的失败结束,那么,在这样的冒险背后是否也存在什么科学的原因呢?
①attempt to do sth.企图做某事
②make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)It is said that Australian scientists are making fresh attempts at explaining (explain) climate change.
(3)Personally speaking,parents are making an attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they require.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)Soon the tea room became lively with every international student attempting to make their own tea .
由于每个外国学生都试着自己泡茶,整个茶馆很快活跃起来。
2.charge n.费用;价钱;主管;负责 v.装满;控告;收费;充电
► [教材对接]
(1)They are captured and taken inside the submarine,where they meet the man in charge ,Captain Nemo.
他们被俘获,并被带进潜水艇里,在那里他们见到了管理者,尼摩船长。
①in charge of 掌握;负责
in the charge of 在……掌管之下
take charge of 掌管;负责;控制
②free of charge 免费
③charge sb.for sth. 因……向某人收费
charge sb.with sth. 控告某人某事
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(全国Ⅲ卷)At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged (charge)...
(3)(2021·天津卷)He offered to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it.
[能力提升] 一句多译
汤姆在老板不在时负责这家公司。
(4)The company is in the charge of Tom while the boss is away.
(5)Tom is in charge of the company while the boss is away.
(6)Tom takes charge of the company while the boss is away.
3.surround vt.围绕;环绕
► [教材对接]
(1)Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere,but almost as clear.
真的,在我周围的水只是另一种空气,虽然密度较地球上的空气大,但透明度跟地球上的空气相仿。
①surround...with... 用……包围……
be surrounded by/with... 被……包围
②surrounding adj. 周围的
③surroundings n. 环境
[基础练通] 用surround的适当形式填空
(2)And don't forget:we are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking,caving,climbing and cycling.
(3)(2023·浙江高考1月)In the Ming Dynasty,the center was the Forbidden City, surrounded (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
(4)Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings .
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5) Surround yourself with people who uplift,encourage and understand you!
让你自己和积极向上、鼓舞人心以及理解你的人待在一起!
4.figure out 弄清楚;算出;想出;解决
► [教材对接]
(1)It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical,as well as mental,toughness to push when you want to stop.
当你想放弃的时候,它会迫使你深入审视自己的内心,并思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强继续向前。
figure sb.to be 料想某人是
figure in 把……考虑在内
figure on 指望;打算;料想;把……估计在内
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Leaders of many countries have been trying to figure (figure) out what it is that makes China develop so fast.
(3)They really have a great time too:designing everything,drawing the blue prints, figuring (figure) out the angles (角) and so on.
(4)Have you figured in the cost of the hotel?
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)We figure on moving into a large house next year.
我们打算明年搬到一所大房子里住。
5.take risks冒险
► [教材对接]
(1)Recent studies indicate that risktaking may be part of human nature,with some of us more likely to take risks than others.
最近的研究表明,冒险可能是人类天性中的一部分,而一些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。
①risk doing 冒险做……
risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事
②at risk 处于危险之中,冒风险
at the risk of... 冒着……的风险
take/run risks (a risk) to do 冒险做……
③risky adj.冒险的;有危险的
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)If you have the virus,they are putting patients at risk.
(3)They risked losing (lose) everything they had.
[能力提升] 句型转换
The passerby took the risk of losing his own life to save the drowning child from the cold river.
(4)The passerby risked his own life to save the drowning child from the cold river.(risk v.)
(5)The passerby saved the drowning child from the cold river at the risk of losing his own life .(risk n.)
6.permit n.[C]通行证,许可证,执照v.许可,允许,准许
► [教材对接]
(1)In order to keep this secret,Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.
为了保守秘密,尼摩船长告诉他的三名新乘客,他们不得离开潜水艇。
①permit doing sth. 允许做某事
permit sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事
②permission n. 允许,许可
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(2021·全国乙卷)My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their permission (permit).
(3)(2023·浙江高考1月)Citizens of higher social classes were permitted (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles.The large siheyuan of these highranking officials and wealthy businessmen often featured beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).
[能力提升] 一句多译
如果天气允许,我们明天就去长城。
(4) If weather permits ,we will go to the Great Wall tomorrow.
(5) Weather permitting ,we will go to the Great Wall tomorrow.
[间考词汇——要知晓]
1.crowd n.人群
单句语法填空
(1)It's a bad time to travel by subway because crowds of people are rushing home from work at this hour.
(2)Fortunately,they got on the crowded (crowd) train.
(3)With the unsolved matters crowding (crowd) in on him,he couldn't go to sleep.
(4)Half an hour before the performance began,the hall was already crowded with audience.
2.failure n.失败
单句语法填空
(1)(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Failure (fail) to provide enough chaperones(监护人) will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult.
(2)Whether he succeeds or fails (fail),we shall do our part to help him.
(3)Some people say she is a success in the medical field,but a failure (fail) in terms of parental role.
3.astonished adj.吃惊的;惊愕的
用astonish的适当形式填空
(1)I find it astonishing that such a little boy can dance so well.
(2)We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.
(3)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Strange,isn't it? But that's how nature is — always leaving us astonished (astonish).
(4)For animals their size,ants have been astonishingly successful,largely due to their wonderful social behavior.
4.result in导致
选词填空
as a result,as a result of,result from,result in
(1)(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media,but probably won't result in a useful response.
(2)Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up “worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms,and increasingly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media”.
(3) As a result ,they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first.
(4)His not being able to attend the party resulted from his sudden headache.
Captain Nemo walked in front, one of his men following some steps behind .
尼摩船长走在前面,他的一个同伴跟在身后,距离他几步远。
本句中one of his men following some steps behind是独立主格结构。
独立主格结构
①独立主格结构的构成:名词(词组)/代词+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语;
②句法功能:在句中一般作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(1)Much time spent (spend) sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
(2)It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall,some measuring (measure) over 90 metres.
[能力提升] 句型转换
(3)After everything was done,we went home.
→ Everything done ,we went home.
(4)If weather permits,they will go for an outing tomorrow.
→ Weather permitting ,they will go for an outing tomorrow.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Research has confirmed (证实) that the risk of this disease is higher for women.
2.They closed the road in an attempt (试图) to reduce traffic in the city.
3.Tom carried on reading,seemingly unaware (未注意到) of my presence.
4.Mike is out of the basketball team because of a terrible head injury (伤害).
5.Our high living standards cause the current population to consume (消耗) 25 percent of the world's oil.
6.She has already distinguished (出名) herself as an athlete.
Ⅱ.语境填空
1.I'm not sure whether I'll succeed in persuading her to join us.Anyhow,I'll try my best to make it.
2.Don't focus on what you're lacking.Instead,you should be content with what you've already had.
3.The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally engaged(参与) in academic life,taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources(资源).
4.Shelly prepared carefully for the exam so that she could be sure of passing it at her first attempt.
5.Evidence has been found through years of study that children's sleeping problems are likely to continue (continue) when they grow up.
6.The young man was charged with stealing and put into prison.
7.Your dad will go bananas if he knows you drive his car without permission (permit).
8.Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet.
9.He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.Lindsey's husband was totally astonished (astonish) by the unexpected visit.
10.Lots of homework to do (do),he has no time to talk with us.
Ⅲ.选词填空
refer to,make money,account for,bring into focus,figure out,take risks
1.Humans have been exploring the universe for many years and we still can't figure out how it came into existence.
2.When I am faced with a difficulty in my study,I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or web pages.
3.Printed material has greater contrast while electronic screens are more difficult to bring into focus and require more effort.
4.We have to account for every penny we spend on business trips.
5.They can afford to take risks because they feel safe.
6.Once you learn to identify patterns and read the market,you find there are limitless opportunities to make money .
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.实验结果证实了我们的预测。
The results of the experiment confirmed our predictions .
2.为了削减费用,关闭了两家工厂。
Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs .
3.很遗憾她犯了这样的错误。
It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.
4.老师生病了,演讲被推迟。
The teacher being ill ,the lecture was put off.
5.这些商品里有鲜花、蜡烛及玩具。
Among the goods are flowers,candles and toys .
Ⅰ.单元巩固练
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)。
Last year,hundreds of people spent a lot of money on climbing Qomolangma even though they knew they would be challenged with different risks. For some people,climbing makes them feel 1. powerful (power).
George Mallory believed that we eat and make money 2. to enjoy (enjoy) life.Sadly,this climber lost his life in 1924 while he 3. was climbing (climb) Qomolangma.4. It is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top before it took his life. Alan Artnette,5. who climbed Qomolangma in 2011,held the idea that climbing brought 6. into focus what was important to you in your life.He believed that there were a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.He added,“You have to focus on 7. the one reason that's most important and unique to you.It depends on the physical and mental 8. toughness (tough) to push when you want to give up.”
With the majority of attempts 9. resulting (result)either in total success or failure,is there a scientific reason? Recent studies indicate that risktaking may be part of human nature.Besides,people enjoy climbing because they expect to benefit from the result.
Therefore,it's 10. totally (total)up to you whether you will take the risk of climbing Qomolangma.
Ⅱ.话题写作(活动类)
请用英语写一篇记叙文,描述你的一次探险经历。
要求:1.尽量使用本单元知识点;
2.词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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[参考范文]
I experienced an adventure when I was a little child.
There is a deep cave in the mountain at the back of our village.One afternoon,another two boys and I were determined to make an adventure into the cave.At first,we were very excited to find some strange and beautiful stones that we had never seen before.We were too fascinated by everything in the cave to think of returning.Before long,it became dark before we realized it,and were unable to find our way back.We were very frightened.
Fortunately,my father and some villagers came into the cave in time and rescued us.
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(17)——“紧张”
●[多样表达]
1.nervous adj.神经质的
2.uneasy adj.不安的
3.tense adj.紧张的
4.nervously adv.神经质地
5.tension adj.紧张的,焦虑的
6.tremble v.(因害怕、紧张等)颤抖
7.shake v.发抖,颤抖
8.stress out紧张
9.a flood of tension非常紧张
10.tighten one's face绷紧脸
11.have ants in one's pants坐立不安
12.burn with anxiety心急如焚
13.be restless with anxiety焦虑不安
14.be on edge紧张不安
15.have a slight frown on one's face微微皱了皱眉头
16.heart beat so violently心跳如此剧烈
17.have/with butterflies in one's stomach
忐忑不安;神经质的发抖
●[佳句观摩]
1.当我们站在后台的时候,我紧张极了。
When we were standing backstage,tension came flooding over me.
2.当叫到我的名字时,我感觉我的心跳到嗓子眼了。
I could feel my heart in my mouth when my name was called.
3.我往舞台上走的时候,感觉手心冒汗,心跳加速。
While I was walking onto the stage,I could feel my heart beat racing.
4.挤满观众的大厅让我更加紧张起来。
The hall packed with audience made me even more nervous.
●[好句仿写]
1.我的心狂跳,双腿发抖。我深吸一口气,心里七上八下。(with复合结构)
My heart beat wildly and my legs trembled. With butterflies in my stomach ,I breathed deeply.
2.我紧张地站在那里,喉咙发紧,不知道下一步该怎么办。
I stood there so nervously that I felt my throat tight ,wondering what to do next.
3.我伸手去抓她的手,不料却发现她的手指冰冷,手在冒汗又颤抖着。
I reached to grab her hand, only to find her freezing fingers sweating and trembling .
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