内容正文:
Section A (Grammar Focus-3c)
Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?
英语
语法导学
(一)there be句型
一、含义及构成
there be句型表示的是“某处有(或存在)某人或某物”,其结构为:There be +名词+地点状语。
如:There are twenty-five boys in our class. 我们班上有25个男孩。
There is a book in my bag. 我的包里有一本书。
课前导学
语法导学
二、句式结构
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 There is / are +某物/某人+地点状语. There is a girl in the room.
房间里有个女孩。
否定句 There isn't / aren't +某物/某人+地点状语. There aren't any pears in the basket.篮子里没有梨。
一般疑问句 Is / Are there +某物/某人+地点状语?
肯定回答:Yes,there is / are.
否定回答:No,there isn't / aren't. — Is there a bank around here?这附近有一家银行吗?
— Yes,there is./ No,there isn't.是的,有。/ 不,没有。
课前导学
语法导学
三、具体用法
1.there be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
如:There is a ball in the box. 盒子里有一个球。
There are many students in the hall. 大厅里有很多学生。
2.如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致,也就是“就近原则”。
如:There is an apple and some bananas on the table. 桌子上有一个苹果和一些香蕉。
There are some bananas and an apple on the table. 桌子上有一些香蕉和一个苹果。
课前导学
语法导学
四、there be句型与have的区别
1.there be句型表示“有”时,侧重于客观,表示“某处有(或存在)某人或某物”,此时不强调此物归谁所有。
2.have表示“有”时,侧重于主观,表示“某人拥有某物”,此时强调“所属关系”,主语多是人。
3.二者有时可以互换,表示“某物本身拥有……”。
如:The classroom has ten chairs and ten desks. = There are ten chairs and ten desks in the classroom.
课前导学
语法导学
(二)Where引导的特殊疑问句
where是特殊疑问词,意为“在哪里;何地”,用于询问地点。
where引导疑问句,主谓要求倒装,即:Where + be +名词? (注意:回答不能用Yes / No)
be动词的形式必须与后面的主语保持一致。
如:— Where is the hotel? 酒店在哪里?
— It's behind the police station. 它在警察局的后面。
— Where are they? 他们在哪里?
— They are in the restaurant. 他们在餐厅里。
课前导学
语法导学
※拓展※ 问路及指路的表达方式
1.问路的句型:
(1)Can / Could you tell me how to get to the +地点?
如:Can / Could you tell me how to get to the post office? 你能告诉我怎样到达邮局吗?
(2)Can / Could you tell me the way to the +地点?
如:Can / Could you tell me the way to the post office? 你可以告诉我去邮局的路吗?
(3)How can I get to the +地点?
如:How can I get to the post office? 我如何到达邮局?
(4)Is there a +地点+ near here?
如:Is there a park near here,please? 请问这附近有个公园吗?
课前导学
语法导学
2.指路的句型:
(1)It's across from / near / next to / beside / behind / in front of +地点.
它就在……的