内容正文:
专题06定语从句精讲练100道
考试时间:50分钟; 每小题1分,满分:100分
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
考点精讲
定语从句的结构:
定语从句是指在句中作定语,用来修饰名词、名词性词组或代词的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词、名词性词组或代词叫做先行词,在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。定语从句常用的关系代词有who,whose,that,which, 关系副词有when,where,why等。
考点一:定语从句的功用
关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分,关系代词可作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词可作状语。
作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。如:
I don’t like people who talk much but do little. 我不喜欢说得多而做得少的人。
作宾语:如:
She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. 她是我昨天在校门口遇见的那个人。
《大逃亡》。
作定语:关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。如:
What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? 他的妹妹是医生的那个年轻男子叫什么名字?
作状语:
I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing. 我将从不会忘记我第一次来北京的那天。
考点二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。如:
The person who broke the window must pay for it. 打碎玻璃的人必须赔偿。
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 穿黑色夹克的男孩非常聪明。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。如:
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?你认识我们在门口遇到的那位男士吗?
3.whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。如:
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. 她妈妈病的那个女孩今天呆在家里。
4.which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。如:
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 字典是一本解释单词意思的书。
5.that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。如:
I’ve read the newspaper that / which carries the important news. 我已经读了那份承载重要新闻的报纸。
6.when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语。如:
I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm. 我从不会忘记我们工作在农场的时间。
He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left. 就在我离开那天他到得北京。
7.where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语。如:
This is the house where we lived last year. 这是我们去年居住的那个房子。
【 用法总结】
分类
引导词
示例
关系代词
who
whom
which
that
whose
The man who is working there is my brother.
This is the book(that/which) I bought yesterday.
The room whose window is open is mine.
关系副词
when
where
why
I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.
This is the school where my mother works.
【 超级易错】
只能用that,不用which 的情况:
(1)