2024年人教版中考英语复习名词数与格 讲义

名词的数与格 知识提炼 一、可数名词与不可数名词 1. 可数名词 复数规则变化 (1) 一般加s: book—books (2) 以s, x, sh, ch结尾加es: class-classes, box-boxes, brush-brushes, match-matches (3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加es: city-cities (4) 以o结尾的词加es的有: hero-heroes, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes (5) 以f, fe结尾的变f或fe为v加es: knife-knives, leaf—leaves 不规则变化 单复数同形:sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese 其他 : man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, child-children, mouse-mice 注:基数词,不定冠词,many, few, a few, quite a few, several, a number of只修饰可数名词 2. 不可数名词 (1) 常见不可数名词 物质名词:water, air, light 抽象名词:age, energy, luck 专有名词:China, Monday, the Summer Palace (2) 量化表达方式:数词/冠词+计量名词+of+不可数名词 a glass of milk; five pieces of news; two bags of rice (3) 只修饰不可数: much, little, a little, a bit of, a great deal of等 (4) 可数和不可数都能修饰: a lot of, plenty of, some, any等 (5) 作可数名词也可作不可数名词,但词义有差别,如: orange橘子/橙汁 room房间/空间 chicken小鸡/鸡肉 paper试卷/纸 time次数、倍数/时间 glass眼镜,玻璃杯/玻璃 fish鱼/鱼肉 exercise练习,体操/锻炼 experience经历/经验 二、名词所有格 1. ’s 所有格 (1) 直接加’s a) 有生命名词单数my father's room b) 时间、国家、距离等Beijing's weather c) 不以s结尾名复men's work d) 表共有: Jane and Lisa's mother e) 表各有:Tom's and Jack 's computers (2) 以’s结尾名词复数,直接+’ a) 有生命的uncles' presents b) 无生命的two hours 'drive (3) 人名末尾有s, 可加’s或’ a) Confucius' b) Confucius 's (4) 节日类 Teachers’ Day Women’s Day 2. of所有格 一般用于无生命名词的所有关系:a map of China 3. 双重所有格 (1) of+ -'s: a photo of my brother's of+名词性物主代词:a friend of mine 小牛试刀 写出下列单词的复数形式。 1. apple _ 2. pear_ 3. orange_ 4. banana _ 5. strawberry_ 6. hamburger_ 7. tomato_ 8. potato_ 9. boy _ 10. baby_ 11. knife_ 12. bus_ 答案: 1. apples 2. pears 3. oranges 4. bananas 5. strawberries 6. hamburgers 7. tomatoes 8. potatoes 9. boys 10. babies 11. knives 12. buses 根据句意,从括号中选择恰当的词填空。 1.-Whose book is that? -It’s_(Kate’s / Kate) 2. Let’s go to my_(uncle / uncle’s) after school. 3. He is a friend of my _(father / father’s) 4. That’s _photo .It is very beautiful.(Lily and Lucy’s / Lily’s and Lucy’s) 5. These are _bikes. (Jim and Sam’s / Jim’s and Sam’s) 答案: 1. Kate’s 2. uncle’s 3. father’s 4. Lily and Lucy’s 5.