内容正文:
Unit10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
Section A Grammar focus – 4c导学案
【学习目标】:
(1) 学生通过完成Grammar Focus的填空练习,寻找延续性和非延续性动词的特点;
(2) 学生通过练习总结延续性和非延续性动词的转换,并掌握其用法。
(3) 学生通过个人学习和小组合作,完成知识点练习,能运用知识点完成堂测。
【重点】:
学生通过练习,总结完成时态中延续性和非延续性动词的转换,并掌握其用法。
【导学流程】:
【导】完成Grammar Focus 的句子填空。
1. 那边那辆自行车你买多久了? How long ______you _______that bike over there?
我买了三年了。 I’ve ______it for three years.
2. 他儿子拥有这套火车玩具多久了?
How long ______his son ________the train and railway set?
自从他四岁生日以来他就有了。
He’s _______ it _______ his fourth birthday.
3. 你曾经踢足球吗?
Have you ever ________ football?
是的。 我还是小孩的时候就踢球,但是现在我好久没踢了。
Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.
【思】
任务一:找出Grammar Focus 句子中动词的特点:
此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外)。
例如:这本书我买了5年了。(判断正误)
I have bought the book for five years. ( )
I’ve had the book for five years. ( )
非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换:
(1)有一些动词是瞬间动词,也叫非延续性动词,这些动词一发生就结束了,常见的有:come, go, arrive, reach, leave, begin, start, buy, join, die, borrow, get up, become, open, stop等。这些动词虽然可以用于现在完成时(说明某个动作的结果还存在),但由于它们不能延续,因此不能跟表示一段的时间状语连用。
e.g. Jim has come back. (正) 吉姆已经回来了。
Jim has come back for a month. (误) come back的动作不能延续一个月,因此错误。
改正: Jim has been back for a month. Jim 已经回来一个月了。
(2)瞬间动词不可以用于有段时间的现在完成时态中,因此,若要解决这一问题,就应把它改为相应的延续性动词或短语,主要有以下几种:
①用相应的延续性动词
如: buy → have borrow → keep come/go/become → be put on → wear
catch a cold → have a cold
②转换成be+名词
如: join → be a member of go to school → be a student
③转换成be+形容词或副词
如: die → be dead leave → be away begin → be on finish → be over
fall asleep — be asleep open → be open get up → be up close →be closed
④转换成be+介词短语
如: come to/go to/arrive in (at)/get to/reach …→ be in/at…
join the army → be in the army(军队)
巩固练习:
I have _____________________ the book. 我已经借了那本书。
I have ____________________ the book for two days. 我已经借那本书两天了。
Jim has ____________________ the band. 吉姆已经加入那乐队了。
Jim has ___________________________________