Unit 3 Food and Culture Learning About Language 过去完成时+写作导学案-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

1、 过去完成时past in the past past now 1.过去完成时的概念与结构特点 过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去(past-in-the-past )”。 2.过去完成时的结构 (1)By the time the policeman got to the shop, the thief had run away. 肯定：主语＋had done (2) The thief had not run away by the time the policeman got to the shop. 否定：主语＋had not done (3) Had the thief run away by the time the policeman got to the shop? 疑问：Had＋主语＋ done 疑问：Had＋主语＋ done 练习：By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already. 否定句： 一般疑问句： 3.过去完成时的判断依据 (1)由“过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。 When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 练习： My father asked me if I (finish) reading that book. The lady showed me the pictures she (paint). I began the work after he (go). (2)由时间状语来判定 与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： ( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。 ( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。 ( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。 练习：By the time the policeman _______(get) to the shop, Tom __________(run) away. By the time his grandma ________(come)from America, Li Hua______________(grow) up. 2、 过去完成时的被动语态 基本构成 The room looked nice. Somebody had cleaned it. The room looked nice. It had been cleaned. 过去完成时的被动：had been done (1) The room had been cleaned. 肯定：主语＋had been done (2) The room had not been cleaned. 否定：主语＋had not been done (3) Had the room been cleaned? 疑问：Had＋主语＋been done (4) When had the room been cleaned? 特殊疑问句：疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done 三、基本用法 1.在 told，said，knew，heard，thought 等动词后的宾语从句。 e.g. She said (that) she _______________(be) to Paris. I thought I ____________(send) the letter a week before. 2.状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 e.g. When the police arrived, the thieves ____________ (run) away. When she returned home, she found that all her furniture ______________(ruin