内容正文:
句子成分讲解
A thousand-mile journey begins with the first step.
By Laozi
We together discover useful structures.
句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。
英语:包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语八种。
句子成分
Member of the sentence
3
S 主语 Subject V 谓语 Verb
O 宾语 Object P 表语 Predicative
Att 定语 Attributive Adv 状语 Adverbial
DO直接宾语 Direct Object
IO 间接宾语 Indirect Object
C 宾语补足语 Object Complement
A 同位语 Appositive
句子成分
S 主语 Subject
主语是一个句子的话题或主题,也是一个动作的执行者。
可以充当主语的成分有:名词,代词,动名词,动词不定式, 主语从句等。如:
The weather becomes cold day by day.
It is hot today.
Swimming is a good sport in summer.
The young are mostly ambitious.
V 谓语 Verb
谓语表示主语的动作,或具有的特征和状态。
谓语动词的位置一般在主语之后。在英语中,动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类,一类是谓语动词,另一类是非谓语动词。
I like walking.
I enjoy speaking English.
He reads English every morning.
P 表语 Predicative
表语是对主语的说明。说明主语的身份,特征和状态。一般位于系动词be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem之后。
一般由名词,代词,形容词,数词,非谓语动词等。
My new deskmate is an American boy.
I will be fifteen next year.
She looks beautiful.
Att 定语 Attributive
定语 修饰和限定主语或宾语。由名词,代词,介词短语,形容词,数词,非谓语动词,副词,从句等作定语。
单个的词作定语常放在它所修饰的词之前,短语或从句作定语常放在所修饰词之后。
My school is larger than hers.
She likes the yellow dress.
The car which is black is mine.
Adv 状语 Adverbial
状语是修饰和限定动词,形容词,副词和整个句子的成分。
能充当状语的有:副词,介词短语,非谓语动词,少数形容词,独立结构,从句等。
状语按其用途可分为:时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,条件,让步,程度,方式,伴随,比较等种类。
Frankly, I have no money.
In order to find a better job, he studies very hard.
If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
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