2024年中考英语总复习 语法专题课件 定语从句

语法专题 专题十五 定语从句 1 知识导图 2 进入中考定语从句考点学习前，我们先来进行该考点的自我诊断吧。请 阅读以下五个句子，并在句中将含有定语从句的句子用下划线标示出来。 1. During your teenage years, it is important to give your body the energy that it needs . 2. By the way, “calories” is just another word which is used to mean energy. 3. 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit you eat . 考点诊断 3 4. Exercise is something that can help to make you look good and be healthy. 5. Many teenagers are surprised to learn that when you exercise, your body produces some chemicals that make you feel relaxed and increases your ability to concentrate when you study. 4 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从 句修饰的词叫作先行词，定语从句放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关 联词有关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词where,when,why。 This is the present that my father gave me for my birthday. 先行词 关系代词 Do you know the man who is wearing glasses? 先行词 关系代词 考点梳理 5 ◆关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起 纽带作用，使两者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当 一个成分。关系代词作主语、宾语、定语，关系副词可作状语。 6 用法 例子 1.作主语，指人，用关系代 词who或that，指物用关系 代词which或that。关系代 词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词一致 I don't like the students who/that are lazy. 我不喜欢懒惰的学生。 A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 字典是解释单词意思的书。 7 用法 例子 2.作宾语，指人，用关系代 词who，whom或that，指物 用that或which。 关系代词在句中作宾语时 常可省略 She is the girl（who/whom/that） we talked about yesterday.她是我们昨天谈论的 女孩。 These are the books（that/which） you gave me yesterday. 这些是你昨天给我的书。 续表 8 ◆只能使用that，不能用which的情况。 用法 例子 1.先行词是all，few，little，none，nothing，everything，anything等表示物的不定代词 All that he said is not true. 他说的都不是真的。 2.先行词被the only，the very，the last，no，any， all等词修饰时 He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. 他是唯一去过那个地方的外国人。 9 用法 例子 3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 This is the best book that I have read this year. 这是我今年读过的最好的书。 4.先行词既包括人又包括物时 He talked about the people and the things that he remembered. 他谈论他记得的人和事。 5.当主句中含有疑问词who或which时 Who is the man that is standing over there? 站在那边的那位男士是谁？ 续表 10 用适当的关系词填空。 1. Rome is an ancient