内容正文:
情态动词
知识提炼
1、 什么是情态动词
不能独立做谓语,只能和行为动词一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前表示说话,人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。
Eg. He must be Tom.
2、 情态动词特点:
1.无人称和单复数变化 eg: He can swim.
2.情态动词+动词原形
3.情态动词否定,情态动词+not。Eg: He cannot swim.
4.情态动词没有被动语态
3、 情态动词的使用
1. must/may的一般疑问句及其回答
must
(1) 表示“必须、一定”。
例:You must finish your homework.
(2) 否定:mustn’t, “禁止”“ 一定不要 ” “千万别”.
例:You mustn’t play with fire.
(3) 疑问句:—Must I finish my homework?
—Yes, you must.
—No, you needn’t./don’t have to.
(4) 有把握的推测:
例:The light is on, so he must be at home now.
may
(1) 表示请求、许可,比can 正式。
例:—May I borrow your bike?
—Yes, you may/can.
—No, you mustn’t/ can’t.
(2) 表示推测,“ 可能, 或许”,一般用于肯定句中。
例:It may rain tomorrow .
She may be at home.
(3) may be:“也许是、可能是”,may是情态动词,be
是动词原常位于句中。
例:He may be a teacher.
(4) maybe:副词,“也许、可能”,相当于perhaps,常
位于句首。
例:Maybe he will go to the hospital.
2. Can的用法
(1) 表能力 I can swim.
(2) 表许可 We can borrow books from the library.
(3) 表请求 Can you help me?
3. Could用法
(1) can过去式
(2) 表示委婉:Could you please do me a favor?
Yes, I can.
4. may/might
(1) 表“可能”,“也许”,倾向于【主观】,但是语气不肯定。表示的可能性最小,may>might。
(2) may常用于肯定句,不能用于疑问句。
Eg: Your judgement may be right.【主观】
Look at the clouds! It may rain this afternoon.
5. should/ought to (否定:shouldn’t/ ought not to)
表推测的可能性,“按理说应该”之意。可能性<must。
Eg: It is so cold today. It should snow tonight or tomorrow.
6. 表示猜测
否定猜测:can’t be(一定不是) 注:mustn’t 表示禁止,不可用于猜测。
小牛试刀
1.The teacher you saw in our classroom just now ________ be Mr. Wang. He has gone to Chongqing to attend a meeting.
A.must B.might C.can’t
2.—It must be Jim singing in the next door.
— It ________be him. He has gone to Quanzhou on business.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t
3.— Shall we go shopping?
— I’m afraid not. We ________ buy anything now because none of the shops are open.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
4.—Whose T-shirt is this? Is it John’s?
—It ________ be his. It’s too small