内容正文:
第一部分
语法专题
专题一 名词
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知识导图
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1.Television can give us the latest information and news.
2.The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make in your test.
3.Together, our actions can lead to a better future.
4.Reading books can open up our eyes and enlarge our knowledge.
5.Teamwork is based on trust.We understand each other and work together for the same goal.
进入中考名词考点学习前,我们先来进行该考点的自我诊断吧。请阅读以下五个句子,并在句中将所有的名词用下划线标示出来。
考点诊断
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名词(Noun)表示人或事物名称的词。从形式上进行分类,可以分
为专有名词和普通名词两大类。从意义上划分,可分为个体名词、集体
名词、物质名词和抽象名词四类。
名词 专有
名词 人名、地名、国名 Gina Smith,Tibet(西藏),
Hangzhou,China
组织、团体、机构、报刊 WTO(世贸),
China Daily(《中国日报》)
时间、语言、月份、节日 Tuesday,Chinese,February,
Mid-Autumn Festival
由普通名词构成的专有名词,一般前面加the the Great Wall,the United States
考点梳理
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名词 普通
名词 可数名
词 个体名词 country,girl,chair,doctor
集体名词 family,police,team,people,
group,staff
不可数
名词 物质名词 wood,cotton,water
抽象名词 happiness,love,satisfaction,health
续表
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&1& 可数名词变复数的规则变化
规则变化 例子
1.一般情况,直接加s books,cats
2.以字母s,x,ch,sh等结尾的名
词复数,在词尾加es buses,boxes,matches,watches,
foxes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词复
数,先变y为i,再加es cities,babies,families,factories,
strawberries
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规则变化 例子
4.以字母o结尾的名词复数,一般在词尾加s photos,pianos,radios,zoos,kilos
特例:The heroes like potatoes and
tomatoes.
英雄喜欢土豆和西红柿。
5.以f或fe结尾的名词复数,把f或fe变为v,再加es lives,knives,leaves,wolves,
thieves,wives,shelves
特例:scarfs/scarves
6.以元音字母+y结尾的词,在词尾加s toys,boys,days
续表
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根据提示填写适当形式的单词,使句子完整。
1. My sister has bought some English ___________ and magazines.
(dictionary)
2. The policemen caught all the _______ in the apartment with the
help of two brave boys.(thief)
dictionaries
thieves
3. It is one of the greatest ______ she has played.(角色)
4. There are six hundred ________ in total in this primary school.(学
生)
roles
students
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&2& 部分可数名词变复数时的不规则情况
规则变化 例子
“某国人”的单复数变化 Chinese,Japanese,Swiss,Englishmen,Frenchmen,Americans,Germans
(巧记:中日瑞士不变,英法变,其他一律加s)
单复数同形 sheep—sheep,deer—deer,fish—fish
元音或词尾发生变化 man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,goose—geese
toot