内容正文:
现在完成时
主讲教师:Cici
1
现在完成时的用法
01
现在完成时的构成
02
过去分词的构成
03
现在完成时的标志词
04
目录
现在完成时的句型转换
05
重难点
06
2
现在完成时的用法
part 1
3
Part 1 :现在完成时的用法
Hi, Sarah! 嗨,萨拉!
Yes, I have. 是的,我来过。
Hello, Mike!
Have you just been to the cinema?
你好,迈克!你之前来过电影院吗?
Part 1 :现在完成时的用法
1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have already had my lunch.
now
past
time
had lunch
I’m not hungry now
现在完成时的三种主要用法:
Part 1 :现在完成时的用法
1. You’ve eaten my food.
你已经把我的食物吃光了。(言外之意,我没有食物可吃)
2. You’ve changed. 你变了。(即:你和以前不一样)
3. He has returned the book to me.
他已经把书还给我了。(言外之意,书现在已经在我手里了)
注意:对于这一层概念的“现在完成时”,其实也可以用“过去时”,只是由于语境表达的需要,需要强调某一动作完成后所产生的结果或影响。所以,用现在完成时要比过去时更优。
Part 1 :现在完成时的用法
2.从过去发生的动作,但该动作并未结束,且一直持续到现在。
I have lived here for four years.
I have lived here since four years ago.
now
past
time
moved here 2020
I still live here
现在完成时的三种主要用法:
Part 1 :现在完成时的用法
1. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing.
自从来到南京,他就住在这里。
2. The boy has learnt the English since 2010.
这个孩子从2010年就开始学英语了。
3. They have talked on the phone for 2 hours.
他们已经在电话上讲了2个小时.
4. The dog has stayed outside for one week.
这只小狗已经待在外面一周了
Part 1 :现在完成时的用法
注意:该动作一直持续到现在,即:要用延续性动词
以上四个例句中的动词“live”,“learn”,“talk”,“stay”,均已表示发生过,但这些动作还没有结束,仍然持续到现在。这四个动词均“可持续”。
Part 1 :现在完成时的用法
在表示延续性概念中,需要说明的是:
1.该动词一定要用延续性动词。如果是瞬间性动词,需转换成延续性状态
2. 这一层概念中的时间状语通常是表示时间段。
(大多为:for+时间段,since+时间点/过去时)
如:1. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. (since+ 过去时)
2. The boy has learnt the English since 2010. (since + 时间点)
3. They have talked on the phone for 2 hours. (for + 时间段)
4. The dog has stayed outside for one week. (for + 时间段)
“瞬间性动词”和“延续性动词”的转换
Verb Used for a
continuous state Example
begin/start have/has been on The film has been on for 20 minutes.
finish/stop have/has been over The parade has been over for hours.
come/go
/arrive have/has been in/at Kitty has been in Hong Kong for two days.
leave have/has been away She has been away from home since last Tuesday.
“瞬间性动词”和“延续性动词”的转换
Verb Used for