专题五 介词和介词短语-【成功方案】2024年高考英语艺术生文化课总复习教师用书(Word)

专题五　介词和介词短语 1．(2023·全国甲卷)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ________ saving their environment. 【答案】　for　考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。 2．(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ________ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads. 【答案】　to　考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。 3．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ________ hand rather than rolled. 【答案】　by　考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。 4．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)And who do they speak English ________？ 【答案】　with　考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意“与某人交谈”。故填with。 5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas also serve ________ an umbrella species (物种)，bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 【答案】　as　句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。 6．(2022·全国甲卷)Now，Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route.He flew 4，700 kilometers ________ Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept.20. 【答案】　from　句意：9月20日，他从4，700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi'an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”。故填from。 7．(2022·全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day，which was named officially ________ the United Nations on November 27th，2019. 【答案】　by　句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be＋过去分词＋by”。故填by。 8．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)In his spare time though he goes on stage ________ pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page tur