2024年中考英语语法复习—句子成分&五种基本句型课件

句子的成分 & 五种基本句型 01 句子的成分 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。 如：I ate an apple last night. The apple is juicy. 句子的成分 02 宾语补足语 谓语 表语 定语 宾语 状语 主语 句子的成分 03 句子主干：主语+谓语+宾语/表语 句子枝叶：定语，状语， 补语 I ate an apple. I ate a big red apple quickly last night. The apple is juicy. Last week,they elected the tallest boy monitor. 句子的成分 The boy/He runs fast. Twenty years is a short time in history. Seeing is believing. To teach is to learn. What he needs is a book. It is very easy to play basketball。 主语S 主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首 （名词/代词） (数词) （动名词） （不定式） （主语从句） （It形式主语，真正的主语是不定式） Lucy is a beautiful nurse. He reads newspapers every day. Smoking is harmful to the health. To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. What we should do is not yet decided. It's important to learn English. 句子的成分 主语S 练习 圈出下列句子中的主语 It is too tiring _________ to the Sports Center on foot. You'd better go by bus. ________ is my favorite. I often read in my free time. On day, Lucy fell down from the tree, and ___ had to save herself. ______ exercise every day helps to bulid a strong body. 句子的成分 主语S 练习 根据前后文填空 to go Reading she Doing 句子的成分 03 谓语O 说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或者“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分主要的词）用动词。谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。 （系动词） （实义动词） （谓语时态变化） （助动词+实义动词） He is/fell asleep. We study English. We are studying English. He doesn't like dancing. I can ride a bike. He looked after his mom last night. （情态动词+实义动词） （动词短语） 1. Be动词（am，is，are, was, were） 2. 表保持（keep, stay, remain） 3. 表改变（get， become， turn） 4. 感官动词 The food tastes good. We sang a song yesterday. We don’t finish reading the book. He can't speak English. Sam is running fast. Dad has gone to Beijing. Do you like bananas? 句子的成分 谓语S 练习 圈出下列句子中的谓语 He is a teacher. Five and five is ten. He is satisfied (with me). His father is in. My watch is gone / missing / lost. The picture is on the wall. To see is to believe./ Seeing is believing. 句子的成分 表语P 表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及名词或形容词短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。