（2）任务型阅读——2024届中考英语阅读理解提分要义

(2)任务型阅读——2024届中考英语阅读理解提分要义 提分要点 Step 1 明确任务 任务型阅读一般提供一段或几段阅读材料,在材料后设置 5 个任务,做题时考生应先阅读所给的任务,明确任务要求,再带着任务去阅读材料,有针对性地去读,提高阅读效率。 Step 2 速读全文,了解大意 明确任务后,应迅速阅读全文来了解文章的主要内容以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图、态度倾向。 概括大意的题目 需要通篇考虑,对要点加以归纳概括。这类题目有时可以从文中找到答案,但有时需要自己概括。 为文章拟标题的题目 可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。主题句往往在首段或尾段,但当没有主题句时,则应全面、简练地去提炼、概括。文章的标题可以是单词、短语,也可以是句子。标题必须遵循概括性原则(最大程度上覆盖全文体现文章的中心大意)和醒目性原则(必须力求吸引读者的注意力)。 Step 3找细节 寻找细节,从原文中找答案 此环节可以采用“跳读”的方式来确定准确答案。如阅读填空、填表题、填写词语、一补全句子的方式完成表格或图表,还有一些题目是对文章细节的直接设问,答案通常可以从原文中找到。 精读细节,理解深层含义 部分题型考查通过已知信息进行推理、研究细节的暗示、推敲作者的态度、理解文章寓意的能力。做这一类型的题时需注意:①把握文章的内在逻辑关系,以文章提供的事实和观点为依据,立足原文,推断求知,不能主观臆造,凭空想象,随意揣测,更不能以自己的观点为依据;②在理解全文的基础上,吃透文章的字面意思,从设问句的上下文中捕捉线索,对文章的表面意思进行挖掘加工,悟出作者的深层含义或弦外之音。 提分训练 一、 Drones (无人驾驶飞机) can do lots of things, including taking pictures from the sky and watching wild animals. Now these small flying robots begin to change the way of farming. Looking for sick plants Drones can find bacteria (细菌) that are harmful to plants in the air from a few kilometers away. Farms can check the drones’ air samples (样本) and try to find ways to protect their plants before the bacteria get to them. Counting cows When flying over cows, drones can follow up the cows and find out which fences need fixing. There are also special cameras on drones. They can help farmers look for animals that could harm their cows. Water watch After watering the fields, we can often see some places may dry out faster than others. Other places might not get water at all. Drones can look over the field and make a 3D map. Using the map, farmers can find out which parts of a field are dry or need improvement. Spraying pesticide (喷洒农药) Different parts of a field might have different altitude(海拔). Drones can check for this when flying above the land. Then, they change their height so that they can spray the correct amount of pesticide over each part of the field. This is more useful than traditional pesticide spraying. Drones can finish spraying a field much faster than with traditional machines. 1. F