Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage [对应学生用书P47] 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 阅读下面教材中的句子并体会动词不定式作定语和结果状语的语法特征。 ①“We practise earthquake safety procedures twice a year，” said Miss Brown, “so the kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake. ” ②Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss of life. ③Although there is no way to prevent a typhoon, you can get prepared for it. [自我归纳] (1)句子①中的to protect themselves为动词不定式作结果状语。 (2)句子②中的to survive the disaster为动词不定式作后置定语。 (3)句子③中的to prevent a typhoon为动词不定式作后置定语。 一、动词不定式的用法 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保留动词的某些特点，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、定语和状语。本单元重点讲解动词不定式作定语和结果状语的用法。 二、动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词后面，表示还未发生的动作，与名词之间常有一定的逻辑关系。 (一)动词不定式作定语的几条规则 1．规则1 Li Lei was the first student to come into the classroom this morning. 李磊是今天早上第一个走进教室的学生。 Believe it or not, I am the only one to hear the news. 信不信由你，我是唯一听到这个消息的人。 Alan was the youngest student to win the prize. 艾伦是最年轻的获奖学生。 [特别提醒] ①以上各句中动词不定式皆作后置定语，其中to come into the classroom 修饰the first student; to hear the news 修饰 the only one；to win the prize修饰 the youngest student。 ②当中心词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only/the last/the next等修饰时，常用不定式作定语。 2．规则2 I don't trust his promise to come for a visit. 我不相信他来拜访的承诺。 He said he had no plans to go there. 他说他没有去那里的计划。 The old man made an attempt to stand up. 老人试图站起来。 [特别提醒] ①以上句子中动词不定式皆作后置定语，其中to come for a visit 修饰his promise; to go there 修饰plans；to stand up 修饰 attempt。 ②有些名词的同源动词常跟不定式作宾语，而这些名词也常跟不定式作定语。常见的这类名词有wish, decision，determination, refusal, arrangement, intention, agreement，hope, need, plan, promise, failure，attempt, offer等。 3．规则3 We should develop the students' ability to solve problems. 我们应该培养学生解决问题的能力。 He has a strange way to make his classes lively and interesting. 他有一种神奇的方式使他的课生动有趣。 Give him something to eat.给他点吃的。 [特别提醒] ①以上句子中动词不定式皆作后置定语，其中to solve problems 修饰 the students' ability；to make his classes lively and interesting 修饰 a strange way; to eat 修饰something。 ②动词不定式常常放在某些抽象名词，如plan, way, chance, place, desire