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专题11 形容词 考点讲义(知识点梳理 实战训练) -备战2024中考英语语法专项
考点讲义
形容词:形容词主要用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词在句中可用作表语、定语、补语等。
1.作定语,放在名词前, something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词之后;形容词修饰疑问代词时,也须放在其后。 如:It’s a cold and windy day. Would you like something hot to drink?
What else can you see? 你还能看见其它什么东西?
2.作表语,放在系动词之后。常见的系动词有be, become, get(变), turn(变), feel, look(看起来), seem, smell, sound, taste。如: He looks happy today. Silk feels soft. 绸子摸起来很软。 Milk is able to turn bad easily in summer.
3.作宾补,放在宾语之后
★ keep/find/make/think+宾语+形容词(作宾补) We are making our country strong.
4. 形容词的排列顺序:
如:a big yellow Chinese wooden ship(一个黄色的大型中国木船)
★前置形容词(作定语)的顺序为:
限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老;颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠;
①“限定词”包括:冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词等。
②表观点的 “描绘”性形容词如:beautiful、bad、interesting、great等。
③“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词big,small, ,short, tall
④表示“形状”的词如:round, square等。
⑤年龄,新旧,颜色的形容词young,old,new,white,red等
⑥ “国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。Chinese,rural(乡村的)
⑦ “材料”的词如:wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。
⑧“作用类别”的词如:medical, college,writing desk,police car等。
两个圆形的蓝色日本塑料盘
5、有关形容词的用法辨析:
⑴ whole与all:记住两个词序:
1 the whole + 名词;如:He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙)
2 all (of) the + 名词。 He can remember all the words he learns.
⑵ tall与high, short与low:
①指人的个子(树、楼)时用tall与short;如:He’s very tall/short.(他个子高/矮)
Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.
②指其他事物(含价格price时)一般用high与low。 A few people live on high mountains.
⑶ real与true:
1 real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的” This is a real diamond and it’s very expensive.
②true指事情或消息的可靠性“真实的”--Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.
⑷ interested与interesting的区别:
1 interesting指人或东西“有趣的”,作定语或表语, 如:The man is very interesting and all the children like him. / This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.
2 interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语 I am interested in science. (excited/exciting; bored/boring等类似)
(5)nice与fine:的区别:nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等;
如:Let’s go and share the nice cake./ She is a nice girl.(漂亮的)
【good/well区别见资料】fine一般指身体或天气好 What a fine day!