Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips 语法Grammar 被动语态(2)-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元语法精讲精练（沪教牛津版）

Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips 被动语态(2) （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 现在完成时和情态动词的被动语态 1. 概念：被动语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系，表示主语是动作的承受者。 二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换(be done) We visited that factory last summer. 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 That factory was visited by us last summer. 被动语态 三．主动句变被动句动词结构的变化 ①现在完成时的被动语态：has/ have + (not) + been + done The room has already been cleaned by the students. ②含情态动词的被动语态：should/ must + (not) + be + done The room should be cleaned every day. 四．特殊情况（无被动语态的情况） ①表示主语本身的性质时不用被动，如 write, sell, ride 等；如：The book sells well. ②不及物动词，如 die, disappear, sit 等； ③感官系动词，如 look, sound, taste, smell, feel，如：She looks tired. ④常考无被动情况的动词及短语：happen, take place, break out, belong to. ⑤使役动词(make, let)在主动句中，其后的动词不带to,但变被动是必须加上to. The boss made the worker work for 12 hours yesterday. 改为被动语态->The worker was made to work for 12 hours yesterday by the boss. 一、单项选择(本大题共50小题，每小题2分，共100分) 1．—How often do I feed the pet dog? —It ______ food every day, or it will be hungry. A．must give B．must be give C．must gave D．must be given 2．Teenagers ________ allowed to drive. A．should not be B．should be not C．not should be D．should 3．The teacher must ________ carefully in class. A．listen B．be listened C．be listened to D．be listening 4．Some people think trees________on Tree Planting Day only． A．should plant B．should be plant C．should be planted 5．The young tree ________ well when it is planted. A．mustn’t watered B．should be watered C．must water D．should water 6．It’s known that food and medicine must ________ at a low temperature. A．keep B．be kept C．be keeping D．to keep 7．Your homework must be ________ this morning, or you can’t hand it in on time. A．finish B．finished C．finishes D．finishing 8．The air pollution is very serious in our city. Something ________ about it now. A．can do B．must do C．was done D．must be done 9．—There is a lot of wind in the north of our country. —Well, more trees ________ every year to stop the wind and the sand. A．must plant B．should be planted C．should