1.15 直接引语与间接引语-2024年中职高考英语复习总案

中职高考英语备考总案 第十五节 直接引语与间接引语 高考考情 1 高考真题 一、把下列句子从直接引语变成间接引语 1. He said to me,"I have not left my book in your room." 【解析】此题直接引语为陈述句,改为间接引语时,应用that连接。现在完 成时应改为过去完成时。 人称代词:I改为he,my改为his,your改为my。 故答案 为: He said to me that he had not left his book in my room. 2."Have you been here for ages?"she said. 【解析】 此题直接引语为一般疑问句,改为间接引语时,应用if或者 whether连接。现在完成时应改为过去完成时。 其他变化:you改为I,said改为asked,here改为there。 故答案 为:She asked whether I had been there for ages. 二、选择题 1.-Could you tell me for the coming summer vacation? -I'll join a summer camp in Xi'an. A. what did you do B. what you did C. what will you do D. what you will do 【解析】 句意:你能告诉我在即将到来的暑假你准备做些什么 吗? -我会参加西安的一个夏令营。根据句意可知,空格处为间接引语,应用 陈述语序,可排除选项A,C。根据for the coming vacation和答语中的will可 知,此处应用一般将来时。故选D。 146 第一章 语法知识 考情分析 从湖北省近几年技能高考真题来看,直接考查直接引语和间接引语的题目 不多,多以考查宾语从句的形式出现。 考点例析 引述别人的话有两种方式,一是使用引号引出别人的原话,这叫作直接引 语;二是用自已的话把别人的话转述出来,这叫作间接引语。例如; Johnsaid,“I'mgoingtoLondonwithmyfather.”约翰说;“我要和我的父 亲到伦敦去。”(引号内是直接引语) John said that he was going to London with his father.约翰说,他要和他的 父亲去伦敦。(宾语从句是间接引语) 1.直接引语是陈述句时,变间接引语的方法和规律 直接引语是陈述句时,间接引语为that引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以 省略),且从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要根据具体语境 做相应的变化。 (1)人称的变化规则:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。 引号内的第一人称变间接引语后 He says.“I like maths very much." 一随主 与主句的主语的人称保持一致 →He says that he likes maths very much. 引号内的第二人称变间接引语后 He said to Lily,“You must get up early." 二随宾 与主句的宾语的人称保持一致 →He told Lily that she must get up early. 引号内的第三人称在变间接引语 三不变 She said to me,“They want to help him." 后人称不变 →She told me that they wanted to help him. (2)时态的变化。主句是一般现在时,从句可用任意时态;主句是过去时,从 句用相应的过去时态,即一般现在时改成一般过去时,现在进行时改成过去进行 时,一般将来时改成过去将来时,一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去 完成时。 147 中职高考英语备考总案 从句的时态 主句的时态 例句 He says,"He likes maths very much." 一般现在时 所需的任何时态 →He says that he likes maths very much. 直接引语 间接引语 He said,"He is a student." 一般现在时 一般过去时 →He said that he was a student. He said,"He is reading." 现在进行时 过去进行时 →He said that he was reading. He said,"He will go home." 一般将来时 一般过去时 过去将来时 →He said that he would go home. He said,"He went home." 一般过去时 过去完成时 →He s