UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 动词不定式作表语 [对应学生用书P14] [观察] 1．Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries. 2．During the Middle Ages，the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. 3．In this work，Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene ... 4．What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art？” [探究] 以上句子中加黑部分的动词不定式(短语)在be动词后作表语，说明了主语的内容。 1．思考动词不定式作表语的其他含义和用法。 2．思考动词不定式和动词­ing形式作表语的区别。 一、动词不定式的形式 动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式四种形式；有主动和被动两种语态。否定式是将not放在不定式符号to之前。动词不定式的基本形式有： 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing — 完成式 to have done to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing — 二、动词不定式作表语的用法 [感知] 1．The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children. 教育的目的是培养儿童良好的品格。 2．You must speak out，if we are to remain friends. 如果我们想继续做朋友的话，你就必须把话都说出来。 3．What am I to say if they ask me the question? 要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？ 4．They are to marry next week. 他们将在下周结婚。 [探究] 1．句1中动词不定式用于说明主语The purpose of education的内容。 2．句2中动词不定式表示事态发展的预期结果。 3．句3中动词不定式用于第一人称I的疑问句中，用来征求对方意见。 4．句4中动词不定式表示按照安排即将发生的事情。 [归纳] 意义 动词不定式放在be、seem、remain、appear、get、prove、grow等系动词后作表语，表示将来的情况或说明主语的内容 结构 系动词＋动词不定式 功能 1.表示主语的内容或特征 2．表示事态发展的预期结果及预言 3．用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求意见 4．表示“安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等 [即练] 单句填空/写出句中动词不定式的表意功能 ①The first thing he did was to find(find) shelter from the freezing wind and snow. ②The next step is to understand(understand) exactly what conveys in the contemporary painting. ③(2022·全国甲卷改编)These gentle，lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick­started what was to be(be) a trip Ginni would never forget. ④You are to have a face­to­face talk with them. 表劝告 ⑤Children are not to smoke. 表禁止 ⑥I am to set out for China next week. 表安排 三、动词不定式作表语的两种特殊用法 [感知] 1．Many believe her blog is to blame. 许多人认为这与她的博客有很大干系。 2．All we have to do is push the button. 我们所要做的就是按下按钮。 [探究] 1．句1中动词不定式to blame在句中表示被动含义。 2．句2中主语部分含有动词do，作表语