Unit8 Period Two Part Ⅱ Grammar—Verb ing and ed Forms（word教参)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（北师大版2019）

Part Ⅱ　Grammar—Verb-ing and -ed Forms 感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题 1.Well, say you leave the tap running… 2．But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves… 3.One cheered-up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and you. 4．Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone's heart? v．-ing形式在句中可以作宾补(如句 1 )、作定语(如句 2、3 )；v.-ed形式在句中可以作宾补(如句 4 )。 v．-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语、表语和定语。 v．-ed形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，表示被动和完成，在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。 一、v.-ing形式 1．作定语 (1)动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的 介词 短语。 (2)现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。 ►No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.(reading room＝room for reading) 阅览室里不准大声喧哗。 ►A little child learning(＝who is learning) to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。 ►There are many students waiting(＝who are waiting) to get examined. 有许多学生在等待检查。 2．作状语 现在分词作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式和伴随状况。作结果状语时，可以变为非限制性定语从句或并列分句；作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句；作其他状语时，可以变为相应的 状语 从句。 ►Hearing the noise, I turned around. ＝When I heard the noise, I turned around. 听到响声我转过身去。 ►Being poor, he couldn't afford a TV set. ＝Because he was poor, he couldn't afford a TV set.由于贫穷，他买不起电视机。 ►Working hard, you'll certainly succeed. ＝If you work hard, you'll certainly succeed. 只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。 ►The fire lasted a whole night, causing great damage. ＝The fire lasted a whole night, which caused great damage. ＝The fire lasted a whole night and caused great damage. 大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。 ►Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book. ＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book. 玛丽坐在教室的窗边读书。 [提示] (1)现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果；而不定式作结果状语时，常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do结构。 ►He was caught in the rain, making himself catch a cold.被雨淋后他感冒了。 ►I hurried to school, only to find it was Sunday. 我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。 (2)有些惯用的分词短语在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为独立成分来修饰全句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，我们称这类短语为评论性状语。常见的有：generally speaking一般说来；personally speaking就个人而言；judging from/by由……判断等。 3．作宾语补足语 (1)现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是 主动 关系