UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking &Listening and Talking（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking & Listening and Talking [对应学生用书P63] Ⅰ.发音规律 停顿和意群 一、停顿 1．什么是停顿？ 语音中的停顿可以理解为一个中途的休息。为了使意思表达得更清楚或者是换气的需要，人们在说话和朗读时经常需要停顿。例如： When winter comes，|it gets colder and colder|and the days get shorter and shorter. 2．用法 语音的停顿不是随意出现的，而是与意群联系的。 停顿以一个意群为最小单位。当一个意群在语法上和下一个意群联系不是很紧密的时候，就可以有个稍稍的停顿了。这个稍稍的停顿通常用单竖线(|)标记，比较长的停顿则用双竖线(||)标记。 二、意群 1．什么是意群？ 意群就是一个句子按照语意和语法结构分成若干部分，每一个部分就是一个意群，它是能表示最小语义单位的单词或词组。例如： I see animals|in the zoo. Do you want to|have a look? 2．意群划分的基本原则 ①冠词与名词，如an English novel； ②形容词与名词，如that red­blue pencil； ③系动词与表语，如is a problem； ④介词短语，如in front of the building； ⑤动词不定式短语，如to believe the evil rumor； ⑥分词短语，如facing the south； ⑦动名词短语，如seeing him happy； ⑧动词及其主语或宾语，如received a letter； ⑨副词与动词，如has been working hard； ⑩关系词与从句，如which moved us deeply； ⑪连词与后面的部分，如either by boat or by train。 Ⅱ.听力策略 如何记笔记 记笔记是一项重要的听力策略，有助于提高注意力、组织记忆、促进迁移，帮助理解和思考。做笔记时，可以灵活运用各种速记方法，如使用缩写、简写和符号等。 记笔记时，重点关注关键信息，如姓名、日期和数字等。只记录听力中的关键词，一般是名词、动词、形容词、否定词等。另外，理解听力材料中的逻辑有助于确定关键信息，应特别关注表达转折、对比、因果、顺承、举例等逻辑关系的词语。 Ⅲ.听力文本 Interviewer：Today our guest is Steve Fox.He's here to talk about cultural influences on American food.Welcome，Steve! Steve：Thank you.It's nice to be here. Interviewer：When it comes to 1.American food，some say no food was ever invented in America.What do you think? Steve：Hmm ...That's not really true.For example，some say the hamburger comes from Hamburg in Germany，but they're wrong.The recipe for the meat in a hamburger may have come from Germany，but 2.the final hamburger we know today was definitely created by Americans. Interviewer：You mean there was a mixing of cultures？Food from overseas changed when it arrived in the States. Steve：Right.And there are many more examples of mixed­culture dishes.3.Like nachos，for example. Interviewer：Oh，I just love nachos！Mexican corn chips covered in cheese! Steve：Yes，they're delicious，but they're not traditional Mexican food.The recipe was actually invented by a Mexican cook for his American customers.Then there are for