定语从句（讲义）-2023-2024学年人教PEP版英语六年级下册

2024年小升初英语语法精讲- 定语从句 1、 定义 【考点精讲】 定义：在句子中起定语作用的句子叫做宾语从句，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。常用的关系代词有 who, whose, whom，关系副词有when, where等。 e.g. The man who I served was wearing a hat. 我招待过的那位男士戴着一顶帽子。 【实战演练】 判断下列句子是否含有定语从句，有的话填T，没有的话填F。 ( ) l. The black bike is mine. ( ) 2. The bag on the ground is Lily's. ( ) 3. The book on the desk was bought last week. ( ) 4. Did you see the woman who was on the bus? ( ) 5. The student who often plays football is running now. 2、 结构 【考点精讲】结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句 e.g. I bought the books which are on the counter. 先行词 关系词 She is the teacher who teaches us English. 先行词 关系词 【实战演练】 请找出下列句子中哪部分是定语从句，并划线。 1. There was an old lady who swallowed a fly. 2. I bought some books which are on the counter. 3. The train which was going to Nanjing was late. 4. The teacher who teaches English gave a boy a gift. 3、 引导词 【考点精讲】 定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词，它们的作用是：①替代先行词 ②连接主句和从句③在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 关系代词简表 关系代词 指代对象 在定语从句作什么成分 that 人或物 主语或宾语 who 人 主语或宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人或物 定语 which 物 主语或宾语 【实战演练】 ( ) 1. The old woman_____the thief robbed last night is Lucy's grandmother. A. who B. which C. where D. what ( ) 2. The man ___visited our school yesterday is our new headmaster. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose ( ) 3. The girl ______an English song in the next room is Tom's sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. sing 4、 合并问题 【考点精讲】 定语从句和主句合并的时候，可以用以下口诀：一合二加三去。一合（把两个句子连接起来），二加（ 根据先行词的种类添加相应的关系词），三去（去掉从句中重复的部分）。 范例演示： (1) This is a pen. (2) He bought the pen yesterday. 第一步：把两个句子连接起来，把前一个句子的标点符号去掉，判定出先行词是pen。 This is a pen he bought the pen yesterday. 第二步：添加相应的关系代词或关系副词。 This is a pen which/ that he bought the pen yesterday. 第三步：去掉从句中重复的部分，the pen 和 which 的意思是重复的， 因此应该去掉。 This is a pen which/that he bought yesterday. 【实战演练】 合并每题的两个句子，把后面的句子当作定语从句，答案写在下面的横线上。 1. Did you see the