Unit 8 A green world-【追梦之旅·初中英语铺路卷】2023-2024学年八年级下册英语（译林版 河南专版）

Unit 8　 A green world Part 1 􀳆 单词 􀳆 名词:breadfruit 面包果　 plastic 塑料 recycling 回收利用,循环利用　 resource 资源 difference 差异,不同(之处) 　 poster 海报 动词:dig 挖(洞,沟等) 　 reduce 减少,降低 recycle 回收利用,循环利用　 separate 分开,隔开 allow 允许　 punish 处罚,惩罚　 fine 罚款 limit 限制　 depend 依靠,依赖,指望　 produce 导致,产生 display 展示;陈列　 pollute 污染　 harm 伤害;损害 形容词:serious 认真的,严肃的　 rich 丰富的;富有的 living 活着的,活的　 wise 明智的,充满智慧的 副词:wisely 明智地,充满智慧地 􀳆 短语 􀳆 turn off 关上(开关) 　 cut down 砍倒 depend on / upon 依靠;取决于　 run out 用完,耗尽 make a difference( to sb. / sth. )(对……)有影响,起作用 􀳆 语法 􀳆 被动语态的一般将来时的用法: (1)被动语态的一般将来时用来描述将要发生的动作。 例:The food will be / is going to be eaten by the dog soon. 这些食物马上就会被狗吃掉。 (2)被动语态的一般将来时的构成:主语+will be / be going to be +及物动词的过去分词. 注意:主语是第一人称时,被动语态的一般将来时也可以用 “shall be+及物动词的过去分词”来表达。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 (5 小题,每小题 1 分,共 5 分) 1. We can protect the environment by 　 　 　 　 　 ( recycle) waste. 2. We are not 　 　 　 　 　 (allow) to cut down trees. 3. 　 　 　 　 　 (pollute) is one of the biggest problems in the world today. 4. About 5,000 cars were 　 　 　 　 　 (produce) in the factory last month. 5. After a long time of thinking,he took our advice 　 　 　 　 　 (wise) . 二、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。 (5 小题,每小题 1 分,共 5 分) 1. We think he is s　 　 　 　 　 but in fact he is funny. 2. The traffic police p 　 　 　 　 　 the drivers who break the traffic rules. 3. I d 　 　 　 　 　 on myself when I work out the math prob- lems. 4. Mr. Wang has much money. He is very r　 　 　 　 　 . 5. Remember that everyone can do something to make a d　 　 　 　 　 . 三、(郸城·期末改编)阅读理解。 (5 小题,每小题 2 分,共 10 分) Here are some easy ways for you to help protect nature! Turn TV,computers or radios off when you don’ t use them. This will save lots of electricity. Play outside! By doing more outdoor activities,you will learn more about nature and it’ s good for you to do helpful things for nature. Choose at least one day a week to eat meat-free meals. Usually larger cars use more oil(燃油) and make more noise than smaller ones. You’ d better choose a small car for your family. Leave your car at home at least one day a month. You can take a bus,ride a bike or walk to work. You’ ll have lots of fun and get some exercise,too! Write a letter to a newspaper or make a poster about na- ture. Encourage your friends and family to take good care of nature! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 (　 　 )1. After you use the computer,you’d better . A. keep it on　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 B. turn it off C. clean it D. lend it to others (　 　 )2. The underlined word “electricity” means “ ” in Chinese. A. 资源　 　 　 B. 效率　 　 　 C. 电　 　 　 D. 热能 ( 　 　 )3. People will if they take a bus,ride a bike or walk to work one day a month. A. find it difficult B. be worried C. find it interesting D. be late (　 　 )4. Which is NOT mentioned(提及) about caring for na- ture in the passage? A. Buying a smaller car. B. Saving water. C. Doing more activities outside. D. Calling on others to care for nature. ( 　 　 )5. People can learn how to from the passage. A. get to work B. do outdoor activities C. choose a car D. protect nature 四、(河南·中考模拟)阅读理解。 (5 小题,每小题 2 分,共 10 分) In most schools,lighting(照明) is the biggest user of en- ergy. You can save lots of energy at your school by using lights wisely. What kids can do ◆Turn off lights. It really makes a difference. 1. 　 　 　 　 ◆Let the sun in. 2. 　 　 　 　 Whenever possible,let the sun- shine into your classroom. But remember that direct sunlight isn’t always the best light source,especially when you’re watc- hing a computer screen or a blackboard. So avoid having the sunlight shine directly on those surfaces. What your school can do ◆Use efficient lighting. Wherever your school uses light- ing,it should use the most efficient type. 3. 　 　 　 　 These al- so last longer. Although these lights cost more,in the end they save your school money by cutting down on electricity bills. ◆4. 　 　 　 　 Many schools use lights in places that don’ t really need them. Light is very important in areas where people are reading or writing. 5. 　 　 　 　 Hallways, for example,are often lit more brightly than they need to be. 根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的 最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂 A. Natural light is good for growing kids. B. If you’re not using a light,turn it off. C. Don’ t light areas that don’ t need a light. D. In other places,it’s often possible to use less light. E. Today,many bulbs use less energy than old types. ·73· Part 2 􀳆 单词 􀳆 名词:survey 调查　 dust 灰尘,尘土　 soil 土壤 coal 煤　 oil 石油;原油;食用油　 gas 气体;煤气 step 步骤;措施　 power 电力;力量 动词:form 形成　 reuse 再使用 形容词:empty 空的　 harmful 有害的　 simple 简单的 副词:carelessly 满不在乎地;粗心地 􀳆 短语 􀳆 in place 在正确位置　 turn off 关闭　 take showers 洗澡 􀳆 语法 􀳆 1. try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。 例:We should try our best to protect the environment. 我们应该尽我们最大的努力去保护环境。 2. be harmful to / for 意为“对……有害”,be harmful to 后面通 常接动词原形,be harmful for 后面一般接人或物。 例:It is harmful to eat junk food. 吃垃圾食品是有害的。 Eating junk food is harmful for you. 吃垃圾食品对你是有害的。 一、从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空。 (5 小题,每小题 1 分,共 5 分) 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂brush teeth　 try one’s best　 harm　 recycle　 careless 1. We should 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 to protect the environment. 2. Turn off the taps when 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 3. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 is a good way to help reduce pollution. 4. Air pollution is 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 to our health. 5. Someone had 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 left a window open. 二、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。 (20 空,每空 1 分,共 20 分) 1. 我们可以通过重复利用水来节约用水。 We can 　 　 　 　 　 water by 　 　 　 　 　 it. 2. 在我们小时候,北京的天常常是蓝色的。 The sky 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 blue in Beijing when we were young. 3. 树能帮助保持土壤。 Trees can help 　 　 　 　 　 soil 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 4. 如果它们被粗心地使用和扔掉,最终它们中的一些将被用尽。 If they 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 and 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 ,finally some of them will 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 5. 请告诉孩子们,每天吃早饭对他们很重要。 Please tell the children 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 for them 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 breakfast every day. 三、(永城·期末改编)语篇填空。 (10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分) 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。 每空限填一词,每词限用一次。 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂 separate　 realize　 when　 and　 wise depend　 alone　 step　 reduce　 improve Environmental protection is important for the health of our earth. We need to 1. 　 　 　 　 how our actions influence the environment. In our daily life,plenty of waste we produce is a big prob- lem. We can 2. 　 　 　 　 waste by choosing to buy products with less packaging(包装) 3. 　 　 　 　 to recycle items prop- erly. 4. 　 　 　 　 rubbish into different categories,such as plas- tic,paper,and glass,can also be a great help. Moreover, we 5. 　 　 　 　 on natural resources for our daily needs,such as water,air and food. It is important to save resources by using them 6. 　 　 　 　 . For example,turning off the tap 7. 　 　 　 　 brushing our teeth can save water, and turning off lights when leaving a room can save electricity. Finally,we must also think about the results of our choices for the environment. Choosing to use public transportation or carpooling( 共乘一辆车) instead of driving 8. 　 　 　 　 can reduce air pollution. Planting trees can also help take in CO2 and 9. 　 　 　 　 air quality. By taking these 10. 　 　 　 　 ,we can help protect the en- vironment and make a better future. 四、(河南·中考模拟)阅读理解。 (5 小题,每小题 2 分,共 10 分) Water is wonderful. 1. We drink it,cook with it, wash with it,and swim in it. We use it to grow food and to flush(冲洗) the toilet. It’ s easy to get water and we never think about where we get it. We simply turn on the water and it’ s there. But for many people in the world, it’s a different story. More than one billion people( that’ s about one in six of all the people living on Earth) are not able to get clean water. And over 2. 4 billion people don ’ t have flush toilets. 2. Because of the polluted water,six thousand chil- dren die every day. Surprisingly,only 2. 5% of all the water on Earth is fresh- water, in rivers, lakes and underground. 3. And al- most more than half of the freshwater is frozen in ice at the north and south poles. So, as less than 1% of the world’ s freshwater is usable for us. It’ s really important that we should take care of it! 4. So it made March 22nd the World Water Day. It asked countries around the world to work together,and be- yond,to make sure there is enough freshwater for everyone on the planet. But it’ s not only the government that can make a difference. We all can,by remembering to use water wisely. 5. Do your part to help the United Nations achieve its goal! 根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的 最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂 A. We use it every day. B. Give it a try,everybody! C. The rest 97. 5% of it is salty,in the sea. D. Many of the world’s rivers and lakes are polluted. E. The United Nations decided to help take care of our water. 五、(永城·期末改编)书面表达。 (20 分) “低碳、环保”已成为当今时代的主题。 假如你是李华,请你 以“What can we do for the environment”为题,写一篇保护环 境的 100 词左右的演讲稿。 提示:1. 在购物时使用布袋(cloth bag)代替; 2. 尽可能地再利用使用过的书本; 3. 离开教室关灯。 要求:1. 包含所有提示要点,可适当发挥; 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名; 3. 语篇完整,符合逻辑,无语法单词等错误。 What can we do for the environment 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 ·83· 35. D　 【解析】通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了红鼻子慈善 日的由来,人们的庆祝方式,以及得到的捐款的用途等, 因此这篇文章的最佳标题是“红鼻子日”,故选 D。 D. 36. B　 37. D　 38. A　 39. E　 40. C 三、41. C　 42. B 43. A　 44. D 45. A 　 【解析】根据 “The building is a wooden house with three different􀆺in the same room and no other facilities (设施) . ”可知,条件是很基本的,故选 A。 46. B　 47. D 　 48. C 　 49. C 　 50. A 　 51. B 　 52. C 　 53. D 　 54. B 55. D　 【解析】 in a moment 立刻;after all 毕竟;for example 例如;in the end 最后。 根据“ It takes a long time. But􀆺it will be worth it. ”可知,虽然这个项目需要很长时间,但是 最终还是值得的,故选 D。 四、第一节 56. programme　 57. afford　 58. set　 59. raised　 60. built 61. both　 62. For　 63. developed　 64. their　 65. successful 第二节 66. of　 67. in　 68. because　 69. them　 70. over 五、71. No, I haven’ t 72. What will you do 73. We will tell students to save food 74. Would you like to join us 75. See you tomorrow (答案不唯一,合理即可) 六、范文: It was fine yesterday. Sanyi Community had a yard sale. More than 200 people took part in the activity. There were so many kinds of things. Some people sold used things such as bikes, toys and clothes. Some sold cards made by themselves. They were very beautiful. Others exchanged their used books. I went there at 3:00 p. m. I bought a used bike at a low price. Because I like its color. Everyone was satisfied with what they bought and had a lot of fun. Not only did we buy satisfying things but also we helped them. In my opinion, it was a very good activity. We can make good use of used things. It was meaningful. In the future,I will take an active part in such activities. Unit 8　 A green world Part 1 一、1. recycling　 2. allowed　 3. Pollution　 4. produced　 5. wisely 二、1. serious　 2. punish　 3. depend　 4. rich　 5. difference 三、1. B　 2. C　 3. C 4. B　 【解析】文章主要讲述了节约各种资源,但并没有提到节 约用水。 故选 B。 5. D　 【解析】全文主要讲述如何保护自然,选 D。 四、1. B　 2. A　 3. E　 4. C　 5. D Part 2 一、1. try our best　 2. brushing teeth　 3. Recycling 4. harmful　 5. carelessly 二、1. save;reusing　 2. used to be　 3. keep;in place 4. are used;thrown away carelessly;run out 5. it’s very important;to have 三、1. realize　 2. reduce　 3. and　 4. Separating　 5. depend 6. wisely　 7. when　 8. alone　 9. improve　 10. steps 四、1. A　 2. D　 3. C　 4. E　 5. B 写作专练 五、范文: What can we do for the environment Hello,everyone. I’ m Li Hua. It’ s nice to speak about what can we do for the environment. We can do a little bit to help with this problem. The first thing we can do is to use cloth bags instead of plastic bags when we go shopping. The second thing is to reuse the old textbooks as possible as we can. We should also never forget to turn off the lights when we leave the classrooms in order to save energy. We should try our best to reduce pollution and waste. In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. I believe we can make the world a better place to live in. Thanks for your listening. Unit 8　 追梦综合演练卷 听力材料 一、第一节 1. W:Shall we visit the park tomorrow,Mr. Zhou? M:Sure. But remember to keep the rubbish in a bag until you find a dustbin. 2. M: Jenny, what do you often do to help protect the environment? W:I reuse plastic bags. 3. W:Things like glass,plastic and paper should be separated into different groups. M:I think so. It can help to protect the environment. 4. W:The river smells terrible,Dad. M:That’s because the factory nearby often puts the waste into it. And the fish have died out. We should stop this. 5. W:There is going to be an environment show here this Saturday evening. M:Really? I’d like to see it. 第二节 听下面一段对话,回答第 6 至第 7 两个小题。 M:What do you think we should do to live a green life,Kitty? W:It’ s wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles. M:Yes. My dad used to drive me to school,but now we take the underground. W:And I think we can take shorter showers to save water. How about you,Frank? M:We should remember to turn off the lights when we leave a room. 听下面一段对话,回答第 8 至第 9 两个小题。 M:Pollution has become a serious problem all around the world. W: Yes. I agree. We should try our best to protect the environment. M:What can we do? W:We can plant more trees. M:Good idea. Trees reduce dust and help keep the air clean. W:Right. 听下面一段独白,回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。 Here are some ways to protect our environment. In order to save power,we should turn off the lights when we leave a room. Besides,remember to turn off the power when our TVs or computers are not in use. Some other good habits can help reduce pollution,too. For example,we can take our own bags instead of using plastic bags when shopping. Recycling is also a good way to help reduce pollution. We had better separate waste into different groups so that it can be recycled. Last but not least, it is important for us to develop a green lifestyle. So we should watch less TV,do more exercise and put some plants at home. 听下面一段对话,回答第 13 至第 15 三个小题。 M:There is going to be a show this week in our town hall. W:Really? Who will be invited to the show? M:Some famous people in our town. W:What will be discussed at the show? M:Some ways about how to protect the environment. 第三节 What can we do to live a green life? Here are some useful ways. First, we can reduce air pollution by riding bicycles. It can not only protect the environment but also keep us healthy. Second,when you take a shower,remember not to take too long. We can save water by taking shorter showers. Third,we can protect the environment by recycling waste. Don’ t litter everywhere. Fourth,we can save energy 追梦之旅铺路卷·八年级下·YL·英语　 第 12 页