高中巧用定语从句课件-2024届高三英语一轮复习

巧用定语从句 一.定语从句的含义 定语从句：也称关系从句、形容词性从句，是指一类由关系词引导的从句，因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句。 Ivy is a beautiful girl who likes dancing. 1.girl是先行词 2.who是关系词 3.who like dancing是定语从句 二.定语从句关键词判断 题目：名词+____句子 判断步骤：step1: 空格后是否缺主宾。 空格后不缺主宾，空格前是时间、地点、原因。 step2: 缺主宾： 缺人:用who，whom(只做宾语），that. 缺物：用which,that 不缺主宾： 有关时间：when 有关地点：where 有关原因：why（句子前面出现reason） 有关所属关系：whose 牛刀小试： 1.Sam was a painter of birds and nature,_____for some reason had withdraw from all human society. A.which B.who C.where D.whom 答案：B 解析：关系词修饰人，排除which，where，目的是做主语，排除whom,故选who。 2.This is the reason ____ I was late this morning. 答案：why 解析:空格后不缺主宾，前面有reason，表原因，故用why。 三.区分限制性定从和非限定从 限制性定语从句：无逗号，用于限定或界定名词，去掉后主句语意不明确。 Eg.The book that is on the table is mine. 非限制性定语从句:有逗号，用于补充说明，去掉后不影响主句含义。 Eg.My sister,who is a doctor,lives in New York. 四.介词+关系代词=关系副词 when=in/on/at/during+which why=for+which 牛刀小试: 1.I don’t know the reason ____ she refused me. 答案:why/for which 2.People from all walks of life are eager for success,____lack of confidence,however,is a great barrier. 答案：to which 解析：空格处不缺成分，但并不表示时间、地点、原因，固定搭配：a great barrier to……对……来说是一个大障碍。 补充：people from all walks of life 来自各行各业的人 五.只用that不用which的情况 1.先行词是all,everything,anything,nothing,something I will do everything that I can to help you. . 3.先行词是最高级。 This is the best movie that I have ever seen. 7.先行词是以who,whom,whose,which开头的特殊疑问词或连接代词时。 8.先行词是被as well as,rather than,more than,less than,other than 等连接的两个名词时。 六.区分such……as和such……that such……as+缺主宾 such……that+完整句 Ivy is such a girl as we all like. Ivy is such a girl that we all like her. 七.区分the sane……as和the same……that 八.定语从句为作文添色 普通句：Wearing masks is an effective approach.it can be used to against the pandemic. 定语从句：Wearing masks is an effective approach，which can be used to against the pandemic. 戴口罩是一个好的方法，这种方法可以用来控制疫情。 $$