Unit 2 Grammar语法 动词不定式的用法-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元语法精讲精练（人教版）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. 重点语法 动词不定式的用法 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 在英语句子中,动词有两种。一种是谓语动词,另一种是非谓语动词。动词不定式就属于非谓语动词。 动词不定式没有人称、数和时态的变化。不受主语人称和谓语动词的时态变化影响。在句子中不能单独做谓语，但仍要保留动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。 一.动词不定式的基本形式; 不定式的基本形式是to+动词原形，to没有任何意义，不翻译。 不定式的否定形式在不定式前+not/never即可。 二.动词不定式的句法作用 类别 例句 句中功能 不 定 式 Learning/ To learn English takes a lot of work. It takes a lot of work to learn English. 动名词和不定式在一些情况下可替换。 动名词强调泛指，不定式强调特指。 主语 The important thing is to save lives trapped in the mine. 表语 He pretended to be doing his homework when his mother came in. 宾语 The next train to arrive was from New York. 主谓关系 He gave the order to start the attack. 同位关系 定语 She is glad to play with the child. 原因 状语 He cupped his ear to hear / in order to hear/ so as to hear better. 目的 In 1980 he left his hometown never to return. 结果 Scientists advise us to have a balanced diet. 补语 主动：宾补 被动：主补 We saw him enter the hall. He was seen to enter the hall To begin with, I do not like its color. 独立结构 一、单项选择(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．Henry was trying ________ the snake up when it bit him again. A．pick B．picks C．picked D．to pick 2．Tony is my best friend. He always tries to make me ________ when I’m unhappy. A．laughed B．laughs C．laugh 3．We all expect scientists ________ out more ways to solve the environmental problems. A．to find B．finding C．found 4．—Jeff is shy, so it’s difficult for him ________ friends. —He should try to change. A．made B．making C．to make 5．—What does the sign mean? —It tells us ________ photos. A．not taking B．not take C．not to take 6．Hiding under the desk __________ yourself is important when there’s an earthquake. A．to protect B．protect C．protected D．protecting 7．________ more about the city, I went there last year. A．Know B．Knowing C．Knew D．To know 8．My parents don’t allow me ________ my phone on school days. A．