内容正文:
语法专题:动名词
一、动名词概述
我们用动名词(v.+’ing)来表示动作或活动,通常为不可数,前面不能加a 或an,谓语动词用第三人称单数。动名词可以有自己的宾语。
Communicating is more than just speaking. 交流不仅仅是说话。
He loves reading books. 他爱看书。
二、动名词的构成:v.+’ing。
动名词的构成方法
动 词
动名词
1. 通常动词直接加’ing
hold
holding
2. 以e结尾的动词去e加’ing
dance
dancing
3. 重读闭音节动词将末尾字母双写再加’ing
begin
beginning
4. 以ie结尾的动词改ie为y再加’ing
lie/die/tie
lying/dying/tying
三、动名词的作用
1. 作主语。我们可以用动名词作句子的主语。
Smiling shows that you are happy.
Dancing is her favourite hobby.
2. 作宾语。我们可以用动名词放在动词或介词后作宾语。
Debbie enjoys smiling and always looks friendly.
Debbie is good at communicating.
I am looking forward to going to Beijing.
常考跟doing的动词,短语和句型
接动名词的动词
keep /finish/mind/enjoy/practice/suggest/ imagine + doing
succeed (in)/spend (in)/ + doing
接动名词的短语
feel like/can’t help/give up doing
look forward to/be used to doing/pay attention to
be busy/worth doing
have fun/difficulty/trouble/problem (in) doing等
接动名词的句型
It is no use/no good doing...
It is (no) fun doing...
It is a waste of time doing...
It is hard doing...等
3. 动名词作定语
动名词作定语,表示它所修饰词的用途,归属,关系等,一般置于被修饰词前。
She has a smiling face 她有一张笑脸。
She is reading in the reading room. 她在阅览室读书。
4. forget, remember, stop, go on, regret, try mean等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别。
forget to do 忘记做某事(未做) remember to do 记得做某事(未做)
forget doing 忘记做过某事(做了) remember doing 记得做过某事(做了)
stop to do 停下来去做(另一件事) go on to do 继续做某事(另一件事)
stop doing 停止做(正在做的事情) go on doing 继续做某事(同一件事)
regret to do 遗憾去做某事 try to do 努力做某事
regret doing 后悔做了某事 try doing 尝试做某事
mean to do 打算做某事
mean doing 意味着某事
例如:
I remember doing the exercises. 我记得做过练习。
I must remember to do it. 我必须记着做这件事。
Stop speaking. 不要讲话。
He stopped to talk. 他停下来讲话。
Let’s go on studying lesson 6.让我们继续学第六课。(说明前面已学了一部分)
Let’s go on to study lesson 6. 让我们接着学第六课。(说明只学了第五课)
I tried not to go there. 我设法不去那里。
I tried doing it again. 我试着又干了一次。
I mean to come early today. 我打算今天早些来。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。