内容正文:
Unit3 Diverse Cultures
教材原句
①A real mix of cultures here! 这里真是文化的交融啊!(省略了主语和谓语It is)[P28]
②Can't wait!我已经迫不及待了!(省略了主语1)[P29]
③It is a very popular tourist draw that receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge.它是一个非常受欢迎的旅游景点,每年接待的游客甚至比金门桥还多。(the Golden Gate Bridge 后省略了谓语和宾语 receives visitors)[P32]
在英语中,有时为了使语言简洁或避免重复,常会省略句中的一个或几个句子成分,这种语法现象称为省略。
①省略主语
(1)祈使句中的主语通常省略。
Be more careful in your exams.考试时要更仔细一些。
(2)在口语中,人称代词(I、we、you、he、she、they)和无人称代词(it)作主语时可以省略。
(You) Had a good time there,didn’t you?你在那里玩得很开心,是吗?
(It) Sounds funny.听起来很有趣。
②省略宾语或表语
Shake(it)well before use.用前摇匀。
You can write your address above (the line) or below the line.你可以把地址写在线的上方或是下方。
-Are you a teacher?你是老师吗?
-No,but I want to be (a teacher).不,但我想成为一名老师。
③省略谓语或者谓语的一部分
对话的答语和疑问句中常省略谓语,被省略的谓语可以是整个谓语,也可以是谓语的一部分(助动词等)。
All(comes)aboard!全都上船/车/飞机!
-What happened?出了什么事?
-Nothing(happened).没什么。
(Do)You understand?懂吗?
④省略主语和谓语,或省略主语和谓语的一部分
(Will you)Have a smoke?(你)抽烟吗?
(That is) A wonderful idea!好主意!
(It is)My mistake.我的错。
What a hot day(it is)!多热的一天啊!
⑤不定式符号to后的省略
I asked him to see the film,but he didn't want to(see the film).我要他去看电影,但他不想去。
⑥并列句中的省略
如果两个并列分句中有相同的部分,则常省略其中一处。
She came into the room and (she) turned on the computer.她走进房间打开了电脑。
My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.我爸爸是一名医生,我妈妈是一名护士。
Lin's father was not at home, but his mother was(at home).林的爸爸不在家,但是他妈妈在家。
⑦用so或not等替代上文内容的省略
so和not作替代词,代替被省略的某个词(组)或句子,一般和表示个人看法或想法的动词连用,作be、seem、remain 等连系动词的表语或afraid、believe、become、do、expect、fear、hope、imagine、say、see、speak、suppose、think等的宾语。not代替否定的句子,还可放在perhaps、probably、absolutely等副词后。
-Is he the best student in the class?他是班里最优秀的学生吗?
-I think so (=I think he is the best student in the class)./I think not (=I don't think he is the best student in the class).我认为是的。/我认为不是。
拓展
复合句中的省略
①宾语从句中的省略
(1)宾语从句中的连接词that通常被省略,但多个宾语从句并列时,通常只省略第一个连接词that。
My parents were very pleased (that) I had passed the exam.我通过了考试,我父母很高兴。
He said (that) the text was very important and that we