2024年人教版中考二轮复习课件专题8　第5节　主谓一致

第5节　主谓一致 1.语法填空。 根据下面短文内容和提示,在短文的空格处填上一个语法最恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。 Mary Green 　①　 a middle school student. One day, Mary and her mother 　②　 at home. They found a hole in the carpet. So they decided to buy a new one. The Greens 　③　shopping now. It’s a nice day, so a lot of people 　④　 shopping happily. They see some junk. A number of goods here 　⑤　old but nice. Suddenly, Mary finds an old carpet. Everyone except Mary and her sister thinks it’s old and a little dirty. But 3 dollars 　⑥　too much. So her mother takes it. When they arrive home, to clean the carpet 　⑦　 the first thing. After that, the carpet is clean and beautiful. Not only Mary but also Mary’s family 　⑧　 happy. Mary and her sister are reading on the carpet. All of a sudden, the magic carpet 　⑨　 to glow.  ① is　　　 ② were　　　 ③ are　  ④ are  ⑤ are  ⑥ isn’t　  ⑦ is  ⑧ feel/are  ⑨ begins　  2.知识回顾。 短文中,画横线的部分都在句中充当 主语　,所填写的单词在句中充当 谓语　。它们都在 人称　和 数　上保持一致,这就叫作主谓一致。主谓一致主要包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则。  考点1 语法一致 (一)含义 语法一致原则是指句子主语和谓语在语法形式上必须保持一致,也就是主语是单数形式,谓语动词就用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词就用复数形式。 如:Mary is a middle school student. One day, Mary and her mother were at home. 玛丽是一个中学生。一天,玛丽和她的妈妈在家。 (二)谓语动词为单数形式的几种情况 1.当主语是不可数名词、可数名词单数和单数代词时 如:Water is important.水很重要。 An apple a day keeps　 (keep)the doctor away.一天一苹果,医生远离我。  2.当主语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时 如:To clean the carpet is　 (be)the first thing we must do.  清理地毯是我们必须做的第一件事。 3.当主语是something, someone, everything, everyone, nothing, each, anybody, either, neither, each等不定代词时 如:Everything is　 (be)fine.一切都很好。  4.当主语是one of/the number of+名词复数时 如:The number of the students in the school is 500. 这所学校的学生数量是500。 One of the windows is　 (be)broken.  有一扇窗户坏了。 5.当and连接的并列主语表示同一人或事物(and后的主语前无冠词)时 如:The head teacher and professor is　 (be)coming.这个校长兼教授就要来了。 (三)谓语动词为复数形式的几种情况 1.当主语是可数名词复数时 如:Three persons are　 (be)singing in the music room.  三个人正在音乐教室唱歌。 2.当主语是a number of+复数名词时 如:A number of students like　 (like)playing football after school.  许多学生喜欢放学后踢足球。 3.当主语由and或both…and…连接时 如:Both Cindy and Lucy are　 (be)