内容正文:
第十三章 基本句构
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1
PART 1
课前热身
PART 2
知识重点
PART 3
同步练习
PART 4
归纳总结
目录(Contents)
课前热身
PART
1
请选出句子的主干部分,并标出句子的主语和谓语动词
1. My English teacher is a beautiful lady who has just graduated from university.
2. Luckily, we visited the science museum on the last day of the exhibition.
3. My mother understands me so well and we often talk as friends do.
4. The whole class came to school early in the morning to give John a birthday surprise.
5. The doctor asked me not to cry when I had an injection.
teacher 是主语, is 是谓语
we 是主语,visited 是谓语
mother 是主语,understands 是谓语
class是主语,cames是谓语
doctor是主语,asked是谓语
思考问题
除了主、谓之外还有什么句子成分?
从结构来看句子有多少种类型?
提示:英语的句子成分有:主、谓、宾、定、状、补等。识记好句子成分,对我们记忆和理解句子的结构有很大帮助。
知识重点
PART
2
重点一 句子成分
【真题实战】
Don't leave water _______when you finish dish washing.
(2019广东真题)
解析:选B,此题可通过对句子成分和结构的分析,找出答案。
句子结构上分析,填空处为句子的宾语补足语,同时,也是水的持续状态。因此,选现在分词。
to run B. running
C. run D. to running
重点一 句子成分
主语一般在句首。
主语,通常为名词、代词、数词、非谓语动词和从句等。
主语: The place is famous. To talk with you is a great pleasure.
名词做主语
术语解码:主语指全句述说的对象
动词不定式做主语
We often play football after class.
代词做主语
重点一 句子成分
谓语带有时态。
并非所有动词都是谓语动词。
谓语: I want to eat an apple.
The manager will come to the meeting.
术语解码:谓语一般为动词,是句子不可或缺的成分,用来说明主语的动作、状态、特征等
重点一 句子成分
宾语一般为名词、代词(宾格)或相当于名词的词、短语、从句。
宾语通常在及物动词或介词的后面。
宾语: Jane bought a piano. Ask him to work harder.
术语解码:宾语指动作的承受者
重点一 句子成分
表语一般为形容词、名词、短语或从句。
在be动词、感官动词的后面。
表语: We all look good today. Guangzhou is an attractive city.
感官动词
术语解码:表语用来说明主语的性质、特征等
be动词
重点一 句子成分
形容词、代词、数词、名词作定语一般在被修饰的名词前。
从句作定语为放在被修饰的词后面。
定语 The taxi driver is very friendly. He has a big office.
名词做定语
术语解码:修饰、限定名词或不定代词的形容词、代词、数词、
名词、短语或从句
形容词做定语
The place that he went to were nice.
从句做定语
重点一 句子成分
状语表达时间、地点、目的、方式、程度或因果等。
状语: We warmly congratulate you.