内容正文:
语法专题突破
专题四 三大从句与特殊句式
第一讲 定语从句的复习
2021 2022 2023
语法填空 新高考Ⅱ卷 新高考全国Ⅰ卷
全国甲卷 全国甲、乙卷
阅读理解
七选五
完形 在句子中出现频率很高,对正确理解句子意思起着举足轻重的作用。
书面表达 是高考英语写作的一项基本要求,适当运用定语从句有助于提高写作得分。
定语从句在高考中的运用
无词填空
增加阅读和理解难度
(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)I decided that if I learned of a company ______used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
which/that
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
that
(2023全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
which/that
复习定语从句基础知识
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词、代词或修饰整个句子的从句叫定语从句,又称为形容词性从句,译为“······的”。
定语从句位于______________________。(判断从句类型)
_____________________叫先行词,
_____________________叫关系词。(语法考点)
引导定语从句的词
被修饰的名词或代词
其修饰的名词或代词后
定从,先行词,关系词
Xiao Meng is a girl who/that① loves reading and she is also a girl who/whom/that② teachers often praise. Books that/which③ talk about love or adventures are her favorite.
找一找
二、定语从句的分类(了解)
1、关系代词(在从句中做主语,宾语)
that / which (先行词是物)
that/ who (先行词是人)
whom 先行词为人,从句中只做宾语
2、关系副词 (在从句中做状语)
where (先行词为地点)
when (先行词为时间)
why (先行词为reason)
三、关系词的选择(重点,要求能识别和会填空)
3.关系代词whose
译为“······的”,既可以指人,又可以指物,先行词与关系词后面的名词是所属关系时,选择whose。
口诀:whose 前后名,后名属前名
This is the girl _______name is Li Mei.
whose
4.as 关系代词
as引导非限定从时,常位于句首,作为固定搭配,译为“正如”。
as we all know as is known to us all as is reported
as the old saying goes
________was expected,he came late again.
正如我们所预料的那样,他又迟到了。
As
关系词在句中的作用:
1.连接作用,连接主句和定语从句,识别定语从句。
2.指代前面的先行词,关系词与先行词是等量关系(设置考点)
3.在定语从句中担当成分(主、宾、表、状)
The boy who ___(be) standing there is our monitor.
The boys who ___(be) standing there used to be my classmates.
定语从句中的谓语动词要与先行词的数保持一致。
is
are
在阅读中的应用:
Ten healthy volunteers(志愿者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill tha