命题点3 定语从句-【一战成名新中考】2024山东中考英语·教材精讲练优质课件PPT（鲁教版）

第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题十 主从复合句 命题点3 定语从句 山东英语LJ 英语 1 考点精讲 考生在解答定语从句类试题时，可按以下步骤解题： （1）首先根据语境，分析句子结构，找出先行词； （2）然后判断先行词指代的内容，缩小关系词的选择范围； （3）最后把先行词还原到定语从句中，明确先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。如果从句缺少主干成分，用关系代词；如果从句不缺主干成分，用关系副词。 2 1.定语从句的结构 关系代词 关系副词 3 2.关系代词的常见用法 关系词 成分 先行词 例句 that 主语、宾语 人、物 I love movies that are funny.（作主语） Everything （that） you learn becomes part of you and changes you.（作宾语） which 主语、宾语 事、物 The book which is on the table is mine. （作主语） I'll never forget the days（which）we spent together. （作宾语） 4 关系词 成分 先行词 例句 who 主语、宾语 人 I'd like to congratulate all the students who are here today.（作主语） whom 宾语 人 He's the boy （whom） I talked with just now. whose 定语 人、物 He is the writer whose name is Jerry. The room whose window is open is mine. 注意 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时常可省略。 续表 5 3.关系代词只能用that，不能用which的情况： （1）先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, all, much, few, any, little等或the one时。如： Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么我能为你效劳的吗？ （2）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the first book that I bought. 这是我买的第一本书。 （3）先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。如： The only thing that I want to do is to have a good rest. 我唯一想做的事就是好好休息。 6 （4）先行词既有人又有物时。如： The film star and her film that you just talked about are really well-known. 你们刚刚谈到的那个影星和她的电影真的很出名。 （5）当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Which is the hotel that you like best? 哪个是你最喜欢的旅馆？ 7 4.关系副词的用法 关系副词 成分 先行词 例句 when 时间状 语 时间 I remember the day when we met for the first time. where 地点状 语 地点 This is the small town where President Xi Jinping was born. why 原因状 语 原因 I want to know the reason why you didn't come to school this morning. 8 考点精讲 易错点专练 1.[2021滨州]In my opinion， of all the books， this is the only one ___ is well worth reading. A. who B. that C. whom D. what 2.This is the first birthday gift ___ I have received. I've kept it for many years. A. which B. that C. who D. what √ √ 9 3.—What did she write in her composition?—She described the people and places ___ left her the sweetest memory. A. which B. who C. that D. where 4.—How exciting the s