Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高一英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 [教材示例] 分析下列加黑部分并体会其语法特征。 1．I went to the annual earthquake workshop to learn some safety tips. 2．The authorities told the local people to stay inside when the typhoon arrived. 3．They arrived at the airport only to find the flight had been cancelled due to the snowstorm. 4．Before we returned home，the flood damage needed to be repaired. 5．This was the last city to be cleared of people before the volcano erupted. [探究发现] 1．句1中动词不定式作目的状语。 2．句2中动词不定式作宾语补足语。 3．句3中动词不定式作结果状语。 4．句4中动词不定式作宾语。 5．句5中动词不定式作定语。 动词不定式作定语表示未做的事情。动词不定式作状语通常表示目的、结果和原因。 一、动词不定式作定语 1．意义与用法 (1)动词不定式表将来或者尚未发生的动作状态。 The car to be bought is for his sister. 要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。 The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance. 明天要召开的会议非常重要。 (2)动词不定式动作和被修饰的名词构成主动关系、被动关系、同位关系等。 I am always the first person to get to the office. 我总是第一个到办公室的人。(主动关系) There are lots of interesting things to see there. 那里有很多有趣的东西可看。(被动关系) Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds to stay away.鸟的鸣叫有时候是警告其他鸟不要靠近。(同位关系) 2．典型结构 (1)在主动关系中，动词不定式所修饰的名词或代词前面常有only，first，last，best，序数词、形容词最高级等修饰。 He was considered to be the best man to do this job.他被认为是做这项工作最适合的人。 The last one to arrive must pay the bill. 最后到的人必须付账。 (2)在动宾关系中，如果动词不定式动词是不及物动词，则要有相应的介词。 Give me a pen to write with.给我一只钢笔写字用。 You might think with all these dangerous animals Australia is an unsafe place to live in or visit. 澳大利亚有这么多的危险动物，你也许会认为在这里居住或旅游很不安全。 学生用书第44页 二、动词不定式作结果状语 1．意义与用法 动词不定式在句子中作结果状语，往往表示“出乎意料的、非本意的结果”。 He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. 他匆忙赶到了车站结果却发现火车已经开走了。 Will you be so kind as to open the window? 劳驾您打开窗户好吗？ 2．典型结构 常用于表示结果状语的词语有：so... as to，enough to，only，too... to等。 He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学的年龄了。 We found the room too small to hold so many people.我们发现这个房间太小容不下那么多人。 核心词汇精研 shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊 (教材原句)As you can imagine，it was a bit of a shock.你可以想象，这有点令人震惊。 (1)be a shock to...　　 使……震惊 (2)shocked adj. 感到震惊的 be shocked by/at... 对……感到震惊 be shocked to do s