Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Grammar-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Grammar 复习状语从句 [教材示例] 分析下列加黑部分并体会其语法特征 1．(教材原句)You can only imagine how travellers felt when they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them. 2．(教材原句)If you look up，you can see the paintings and other artworks... 3．(教材原句)The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang... 4．(教材原句)In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be. 5．(教材原句)Gradually，it faded from memory，even though it was once such a great city. [探究发现] 句1中when引导时间状语从句；句2中If引导条件状语从句；句3中so...that...引导结果状语从句；句4中as引导比较状语从句；句5中even though引导让步状语从句。 一、状语从句概述 状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在前面加逗号。 二、状语从句的分类 状语从句根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。 三、状语从句的基本用法 (一)时间状语从句 1．when/while/as引导的时间状语从句 when when引导的从句的谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。 We were about to leave when he came in. 我们正要离开，就在那时他进来了。 while while引导的从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。 While John was watching TV，his wife was reading books. 约翰在看电视的时候，他的妻子正在读书。 as as可表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……”。 As we were going out，it began to rain. 当我们出门时，开始下雨了。 2.表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句 (1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly等 The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy. 我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。 The students ran into the classroom as soon as the bell rang. 铃声一响学生们就跑进了教室。 (2)在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。 学生用书第70页 I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。 3．before，since引导的时间状语从句 (1)before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。 常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋before...“要过/过了……时间才……”；②It won’t be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...“要不了多久就/没过多久就……”。 If you miss this chance，it will be years before you get another one. 如果你错过了这个机会，那要过很多年你才能获得另一个。 (2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态