Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Grammar-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Grammar 复习时态 [教材示例] 分析下列加黑部分并体会其语法特征 1．(教材原句)One moment，we are lying comfortably... 2．(教材原句)What will we be doing in ten years’ time? 3．(教材原句)As many of us already know，having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. 4．(教材原句)On leaving high school，he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. 5．(教材原句)I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about. 6．(教材原句)Doyle’s many historical novels，plays，poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten，but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century. [探究发现] 判断时态的方法 1．根据时间状语，例如：句1中的one moment，句2中的in ten years ’ time，句3中的for the future，句6中的for well over a century。 2．根据句意及动词，例如：句4中的On leaving high school，句5中根据动词decided，以及句意可知write发生在decide之后。 一、一般时 1．一般现在时 (1)结构：主语＋动词原形/第三人称单数＋其他 (2)标志词：always，often，usually，everyday，sometimes等 (3)基本用法：①表示经常性或习惯性的动作、现在的特征或状态、客观事实及普遍真理等。 They always care for each other and help each other. 他们总是互相关心，互相帮助。 ②表示按时刻表发生的动作用一般现在时表将来； The plane takes off at 2 o’clock this afternoon. 飞机今天下午两点起飞。 ③在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来。 I will help mother cook the dinner after I come home. 我回家后会帮妈妈做饭。 2．一般过去时 (1)结构：主语＋动词过去式＋其他 (2)标志词：yesterday，just now，at that time，last ＋night/week/year，时间段＋ ago，the other day等 (3)基本用法：过去经常或者习惯性的动作或者状态。 When he was young，he took cold baths regularly. 他年轻时经常洗冷水澡。 The moment she came in，she told me what had happened to her. 她一进来就把她的遭遇告诉了我。 学生用书第23页 [名师点津]　在含有时间状语从句的主从复合句中，若两个动作接连发生，一般不用过去完成时，尤其是在含有before与after的主从复合句中。 3．一般将来时 (1)结构： ①主语＋will/shall do ②主语＋be going to do ③主语＋be about to do ④主语＋be to do (2)标志词：tomorrow，next＋时间，in＋时间段，soon，the following ＋时间等 (3)基本用法：表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。 ①will/shall do[表示将要做某事(客观趋势)；临时反应要去做(说话进行中)]； The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end. 学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力(将来)最终会获得成功。 ②be going to do(表示打算去做的事或根据某种迹象预示着要发生某事)； We are going to have a meeting to discuss the ma