2024年中考英语语法专项—功能意念

语法精讲:功能意念 重难点 1. Apology 道歉 当我们需要表达歉意时,我们说I’m sorry; 如果表示“我真的很抱歉”,我们可以在sorry前用really或terribly修饰。 作为应答,我们应该用That’s all right. /Never mind. /It doesn’t matter. /Don’t worry. 等表示“没关系”。 - I’ve broken your glass. I’m sorry about that. - That’s all right. 2. Congratulations 祝贺 我们总是用Congratulations!来表示恭喜别人,应答总是用Thanks. 或Thank you. 当别人告诉我们诸如获胜的好消息时,我们可以用Well done. / You deserve to win. / That’s wonderful news. 等来表示祝贺。 1) - You won 2 million dollars. Congratulations! - Thank you. 2) - I won the first prize. - You deserved to win. 3. Gratitude 道谢 向别人道谢可以说Thanks./ Thank you. 要表达非常感谢,可以说Thank you very much. / Thank you very much indeed. /Thanks a lot. 表示“不用谢”的应答句有:You are welcome. /It’s a pleasure. / My pleasure. /Not at all. 等 - Thank you very much. - It’s my pleasure. 4. Impression 印象 我们可以用What do you think of…?或How do you like…?来询问对方对某事或某人的印象和看法。 1) - What do you think of the Great Wall? - It’s magnificent. 2) - How do you like the people in Shanghai? - They are very friendly. 5. Invitation 邀请 当邀请别人来参加你的生日宴会等活动时,可以用I’d like to invite you to…来表示邀请。 当邀请别人和你一起去做某件事时,可以用Would you like to join us? 或Would you like to go with me? 接受对方邀请的应答是Thank you. I’ll be glad to come. 或Thanks. I’d love to come. 如果表示拒绝对方的邀请,可以说I’d love to, but…,这样比较婉转,再说声Thank you all the same. 以示感谢。 1) - I’d like to invite you to have dinner with my family tonight. - Thank you. I’ll be glad to come. 2) - We are going to see a film. Would you like to join us? - I’d love to, but I have a lot of homework to do. Thank you all the same. 6. Offers 提供 主动提供帮助,我们可以说Can I help you? /What can I do for you? /Let me help you. /Anything I can do to help? 其中,Can I help you?和What can I do for you?还可以是商店营业员、图书管理员等职员用来为顾客提供服务时所说的话。 1) - Can I help you? - Yes, I’d like a cup a coffee. 2) - Let me help you. - No, thanks. I can manage by myself. 3) - What can I do for you? - I’d like to buy a pair of shoes. 向别人提供食物,我们可以说Would you like…?或Would you like to have…?请对方随便吃东西时,我们说Help yourself to…,注意其应答是Thanks。 1) - Would you like some t