2024年中考英语语法复习句子成分专项训练

专题：词性、句子成分 一. 词性 二. 五种基本句型 句型1： Subject (主语) ＋ Vi (谓语) e.g. Li Ming works very hard. 主语 谓语 句型2：Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicate(表语) 这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类： (1) 表示状态。这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。 e.g. This kind of food tastes delicious. 主语 系动词 标语 He looked worried just now. (2) 表示变化。这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。 e.g. Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer. The tree has grown much taller than before. 句型3：Subject(主语) ＋ Vt(谓语) ＋ Object (宾语) 这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。 e.g. He took his bag and left. (名词) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词) She plans to travel in the coming May Day. (不定式) He managed to escape suffering from the disease. (动名词) I don't know what I should do next. (从句) 句型4： Subject (主语)＋Vt (谓语)＋ Indirect object (间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语) 这种句型中，直接宾语为主要宾语，表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词来充当；间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。 e.g. Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present. The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March. 这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型： A. 动词 ＋ 直接宾语 ＋ for sb.； B. 动词 ＋ 直接宾语 ＋ to sb. 上述句子还可以表达为： Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present. The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March. 句型5： Subject (主语)＋Vt (动词)＋Object (宾语)＋Complement (补语) 这种句型中的“宾语 ＋ 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。 e.g. You should keep the room clean and tidy. (形容词) We made him our monitor. (名词) His father told him not to play in the street. (不定式) My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball. (现在分词) I found him in trouble. (介词短语) Practice 连词成句 1. the, his, most, is, in the world, persons, father, one of, successful __________________________________________________________________. 2. is, match, to, watch, a, this, he, basketball,