2024年中考英语语法复习宾语从句

宾语从句 Presentation 宾语从句（构成、直接引语和间接引语） 宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的句子，常跟在动词或介词的后面。 常见的引导词有：that, if/whether, what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, how 等。 a. 由that引导的宾语从句，that无任何意义，可以省略。 They say (that) he is much better. I am glad (that) you have come. b. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句，if或whether表示“是否”。 I want to know if /whether you still work in the factory. He asks if /whether we will go to visit the museum next week. c. 由疑问代词和疑问副词引导的宾语从句，疑问代词或疑问副词有意义，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。 Do you know when we are going to Beijing? He wants to know who lives in this room. I wonder what he is doing now. I am really surprised at why he said so. d. 直接引语变间接引语时人称和时态的变化。 "I enjoy the film very much." He said.(直接引语) →He said he enjoyed the film very much.(间接引语） They told us, "It's important for us to plant more trees.” (直接引语) →They told us it was important for them to plant more trees.(间接引语） e. 宾语从句中的时态呼应： 当主句为一般现在时，从句的时态根据具体的情景选用(如：一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时等等）。 I want to know whether the answer is right or not. I hear that you didn’t pass the entrance test. 当主句为一般过去时，从句的时态只能用过去的某种时态（如：一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等等）。 My friend told me that she would go there the next day. We wondered whom she was waiting for. 主句是过去时，从句时态的变化 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 现在进行时 → 过去进行时 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 一般将来时 → 过去将来时 一般过去时 → 过去完成时/一般过去时 注意： ●当从句为一般过去时，如果从句表达的是客观真理、自然规律，其时态不受主句的影响， 仍然用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that there is no air on the moon. ●宾语从句应该用“从属连词+陈述句语序 ”。 Is everybody here? He wants to know.(合并为一句) →He wants to know if /whether everybody is here. Why are you late? Mr. Li asked me.(合并为一句） →Mr. Li asked me why I was late. 真题讲解 中考英语“根据所给要求，改写下列句子” Will Bob join the swimming club? Please tell me.(合并句子） →Please tell me __________ Bob __________ join the swimming club. 正确答案：if/whether; will。本题考点是宾语从句。因为原句子是一般疑问 句，所以宾语从句中的引导词应该是if或whether;同时还应明确宾语从句中的语序是陈述句，故把助动词will放在主语Bob后面。 中考英语选择题 Tim told us that his company ______ robots to do some of the work. A) uses B) will use C) has used D) would use 正确答案是D。本题考查的是宾语从句的时态。主句为一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去