专题一 第五讲 集释5大错因，提高阅读理解的正答率（课件PPT）-【新高考方案】2024年高考英语二轮复习专题增分方略（老教材）

集释5大错因，提高 阅读理解的正答率 第五讲 得阅读者得高分：指的是阅读理解在英语试卷中的份量。近年来随着高考命题理念的转变，阅读理解题越来越重视对考生思维品质的考查。一些反规律、反套路化的命题，往往让一些考生落入惯性思维的陷阱。为提高阅读理解的正答率，本讲从命题人常采用的设误手段、考生常犯的答题错误等方面给予揭示、指正。“知错”方能“改错”。明白了题目从何处来，才能知道解题往何处去。 易错点1　混淆事实与观点，答非所问 混淆事实与观点是阅读理解常见的干扰项的特征。干扰项的内容和原文的表述是一致的，或者干扰项的表述是客观事实，因此迷惑性很强，考生很容易错选。 破解这类题的办法是从题干出发，忠于原文，根据题干关键词锁定原文中的信息句，然后和选项进行认真比对。 [例1]　(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读C篇节选) Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user：the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity. 31．What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader? A．The printed book is not totally out of date. B．Technology has changed the way we read. C．Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D．People now rarely have the patience to read. 错因： 本题易误选C项。文章中提及in contrast to our increasingly networked lives，这是事实而不是作者的观点。 分析：根据本段尾句可知，在我们日益网络化的生活中，我们所消费的信息被监控和跟踪，与之相反，印刷书仍然提供了一个完全私人的、“离线”活动的机会。该句强调了印刷书的价值。据此可知，作者提及电子书旨在说明印刷书并未完全过时。故选A。 易错点2 被干扰项中的“偷换概念、曲解文意”带节奏 偷换概念一般指在阅读理解题的选项中，干扰项的表达与原文信息句吻合程度较高，仅有部分词汇原文中没有体现或者和原文不一致，这容易给考生造成一种错觉，从而误选。这种干扰项常常偷换了动作的发出者、动作的承受者、动作本身或积极、消极语义等。曲解文意也是干扰项设置中的常见方法，有些选项来自文章中的某一句或某几句话，看似表达文章的意思，其实是对原句意思的曲解。 针对此类选项，考生在解题时要根据题干中的关键词回原文定位，认真分析原文相关语句，字斟句酌，准确理解原文表达的意思，避免误选。 [例2]　(2022·全国甲卷·阅读D篇节选) Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living.I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city. “I'll miss these old boa