内容正文:
高中英语【人教版2019】必修第三册Unit Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 重点语法+单元话题写作
【问题查找】
单句语法填空
1. A: You look really___________( tire).You should go home and have a rest.
B: Yes, well, a five-hour operation is pretty___________(tire).
2. A: Did you hear that Susan and Bob got married?
B: Really? That’s the most___________(shock) news I have heard today.
3. A: Harry, you forgot to return my phone call last night!
B: Oh, I'm very sorry. I went to sleep___________(listen)to music.
4. A: How can you sit inside___________(play) games all day? Isn't there anything more important you can do with your time?
B: Come on, Mum. It's a holiday.
5. A: The museum was___________(interest),wasn’t it?
B: It was great. I was quite___________(interest)in those ancient pieces of jade.
6. A: Are you sure this is the man you saw that night?
B: That’s right. From my window, I saw him___________(come)into the building.
A: Did you hear a gunshot after that?B: No, but I heard people___________(shout) downstairs.
B:I saw an injured man___________(lie) on the floor.
【要点精讲】
【重点语法】
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
分词作宾语补足语时,句子的谓语动词通常是感官动词或使役动词。另外,分词作宾补时,宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上存在主谓关系。
宾语与宾语补足语之间是主动关系时,要么采用现在分词的一般式doing作宾语补足语表示进行和主动,要么采用不定式作宾语补足语表示完成和主动,切不可用having done作宾补。
宾语与宾语补足语之间是被动关系时,要么采用现在分词一般式的被动语态being done作宾语补足语表示进行和被动,要么采用过去分词done作宾语补足语表示完成和被动,切不可用having been done作宾补。
一、现在分词作宾补
现在分词作宾补,表示进行。doing表示主动的进行,being done表示被动的进行。此时句子的谓语动词主要有以下两种类型:
1.感官动词,如feel(感觉),find(发现),hear(听见),see(看见),smell(闻见),listen to(听)等。如:
I heard her singing the song. 我听见她在唱这首歌。
本句中,谓语动词是hear,宾语是her,宾补是singing the song. 此处宾语和宾补是主动关系,所以采用现在分词短语singing the song表示“正在教室唱歌”。
倘若要表示“她已经唱了歌”,则要用不定式作宾补表示“完成”的状态。需要注意的是,在感官动词后面,不定式作宾补不能带to. 另外,虽然不带to的不定式和动词原形的形式相同,但不能认为它是动词原形,因为动词原形只能作谓语,不能作宾补。如:
I heard her sing the song in the classroom. 我听见她唱了这首歌。
本句采用不带to的不定式sing the song作宾补,表示主动的完成。
2.使役动词,如make,get,have,bring,keep,send,set等,都有“致使,导致”的含义。这些词作谓语时,可以使用doing作宾补,表示主动和进行。与感官动词作谓语相同,在主动语态下,要表示完成含义,应当采用不带to的不定式作宾补。如:
I am sorry to make you waiting. 抱歉让你一直等。