Unit 7　Life is full of the unexpected.Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)语法专项突破2023-2024学年鲁教版九年级英语全册

Unit 7　Life is full of the unexpected. Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)语法专项突破 【语法精讲】 过去完成时 一、定义: 过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作, 即动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。 二、构成: 助动词had +动词的过去分词 三、句式结构: 四、常用时间状语: by the time/when/before 引导的时间状语从句(用一般过去时)或before/by the end of/by+过去的时间点 五、与现在完成时的区别: 　　现在完成时以现在为基点, 强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果或影响; 而过去完成时则是以过去为基点, 它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去, 更强调“过去的过去”。 *So far, we have lived here for 10 years. 到目前为止, 我们已经在这里生活10年了。 *By the time you moved here, we had lived here for 10 years. 在你搬到这里以前, 我们已经在这里生活10年了。 六、常见标志词 注意: for+一段时间 since+过去的某一个时间点 I have lived in Hebei for ten years. I have lived in Hebei since ten years ago/ 2002. 七、常考必背的句式 【语法集训】 Ⅰ. 用括号内的连接词将两个句子合并为一句 1. I got to school. I realized I had left my math book at home. (when) When I got to school,_I realized I had left my math book at home. / I realized I had left my math book at home when I got to school.   2. The school ended. Bob finished all his homework. (by the time) By the time the school ended,_Bob had finished all his homework. / Bob had finished all his homework by the time the school ended.   3. All my classmates went to the airport. I arrived at the classroom. (before) Before I arrived at the classroom,_all my classmates had gone to the airport. /All my classmates had gone to the airport before I arrived at the classroom.   Ⅱ. 单项选择 1．The match ________ already ________ when we ________ there. A．has; begun; get B．will; start; get C．had; started; got D．have; get; reach C【详解】句意：当我们到达那儿，比赛已经开始了。 考查动词时态。has/have+动词过去分词，现在完成时；had+动词过去分词，过去完成时；will+动词原形，将来时；begun开始，过去分词；start开始，原形；started开始，过去分词；get得到，原形；got得到，过去式；reach到达，原形。从句应用一般过去时，而主句表示在过去的动作之前已经发生了的动作，应用过去完成时。故选C。 2.When I got up, my parents had already gone out and they hadn’t ________ me a note. A．given B．leave C．shown D．left D【详解】句意：当我起床时，我的父母已经出去了，他们没有给我留下一张纸条。 考查动词辨析。given给；leave离开/留下，原形；shown展示；left离开/留下，过去分词。此空前用的hadn’t，可知时态为过去完成时，结构had+动词过去分词，leave“离开，留下”的过去分词为left。故选D。 3.The house ________ at the foot of a hill. When we arrived, the old man ha